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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Em Cuidados Paliativos (CP) vive-se a experiência de morrer, fenómeno que ensina
aos humanos a conhecer esses contextos e a desenvolver estratégias de coping para
viver a dor, a tristeza e a solidão.
Este estudo pretende conhecer a perceção de familiares e cuidadores acerca das
experiências de luto, e as estratégias que desenvolvem para gerir este processo.
Revisão sistemática da literatura, baseada na estratégia PICO, através da análise de
conteúdo a 19 estudos entre 38 encontrados (artigos e teses) nas bases de Dados B-on
e RCAAP, a partir dos descritores “percepção e estratégias de luto”, “cuidados paliativos”,
“família” e “cuidadores”, publicados entre 2008-2015.
Catorze estudos apresentam resultados relacionados com cuidadores (médicos
e enfermeiros) e 11 com familiares. Os resultados dividem-se em 3 abordagens: Enfermeiros
expressam sentimentos de tristeza, impotência, incerteza, frustração, revolta, e
mobilizam estratégias espontâneas como: partilha com pares e cuidar outros doentes.
Os médicos usam palavras prudentes e mostram distanciamento emocional. A família,
por um lado vive a “conspiração do silêncio” com expressão de sofrimento profundo,
e, por outro lado, constrói estratégias de coping de acordo com o nível de significado
atribuído à pessoa. Verifica-se que a família encontra tanto mais facilmente estratégias
de coping, quanto menor for o nível de stress auto-percebido.
Em CP, Cuidadores e Família percebem e gerem diferentemente os processos de
luto, sofrimento e angústia. É necessário estudar estes fenómenos e aprender com
eles, como ajudar doentes e familiares, a promover o suporte empático profissional no
cuidar.
Palliative Care (CP) lives the experience of dying, a phenomenon that teaches human beings to know these contexts, developing coping strategies to live the pain, sadness and loneliness. This study aims to recognize the perception of family and caregivers about these grieving experiences, and the strategies developed to manage this process. Systematic review of the literature, based on PICO strategy, starting from a content analysis of 19 studies selected from 38 found (articles and theses) through the descriptors “perception and mourning strategies”, “palliative care”,”family” and “caregivers”, in B-on and RCAAP data bases, published between 2008-2015. Fourteen studies present results related to caregivers (doctors and nurses) and 11 with family. Results are divided in three approaches: Nurses express feelings of sadness, helplessness, uncertainty, frustration, anger, and mobilize spontaneous strategies such as sharing with peers and caring for other patients. Doctors use prudent words and show emotional detachment. Family, brings out two kinds of strategies: in one hand, lives the “conspiracy of silence” with deep pain expression, and on the other hand, builds coping strategies in accordance with the significance level assigned to the person. It is noted that family is much more easily cooping strategies, the lower the level of self-perceived stress. In Palliative Care (CP), caregivers and family perceive and manage differently the grieving process, suffering and distress. It is necessary to study these phenomena and learn from them, how to help patients and their families, to promote professional empathic support in paliative caring.
Palliative Care (CP) lives the experience of dying, a phenomenon that teaches human beings to know these contexts, developing coping strategies to live the pain, sadness and loneliness. This study aims to recognize the perception of family and caregivers about these grieving experiences, and the strategies developed to manage this process. Systematic review of the literature, based on PICO strategy, starting from a content analysis of 19 studies selected from 38 found (articles and theses) through the descriptors “perception and mourning strategies”, “palliative care”,”family” and “caregivers”, in B-on and RCAAP data bases, published between 2008-2015. Fourteen studies present results related to caregivers (doctors and nurses) and 11 with family. Results are divided in three approaches: Nurses express feelings of sadness, helplessness, uncertainty, frustration, anger, and mobilize spontaneous strategies such as sharing with peers and caring for other patients. Doctors use prudent words and show emotional detachment. Family, brings out two kinds of strategies: in one hand, lives the “conspiracy of silence” with deep pain expression, and on the other hand, builds coping strategies in accordance with the significance level assigned to the person. It is noted that family is much more easily cooping strategies, the lower the level of self-perceived stress. In Palliative Care (CP), caregivers and family perceive and manage differently the grieving process, suffering and distress. It is necessary to study these phenomena and learn from them, how to help patients and their families, to promote professional empathic support in paliative caring.
Description
Keywords
Percepção e estratégias de luto Cuidados paliativos Família Cuidadores Perception and mourning strategies Palliative care Family Caregivers
Citation
Azevedo, D.; Veiga-Branco, Augusta; (2017). Aprender a perceção e estratégias do contexto de morte em cuidados paliativos. In IV Encontro de Jovens Investigadores do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança: livro de resumos. Bragança. ISBN: 978-972-745-218-7
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Bragança