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Abstract(s)
Vivemos num planeta em constante mudança, ao nível social, tecnológico, económico,
ambiental e político, que obriga a uma adaptação perseverante, de forma a dar resposta às
alterações sistemáticas dos riscos que afetam o normal funcionamento da sociedade.
É assim importante dispor de sistemas de proteção civil bem implementados e articulados,
onde o princípio da subsidiariedade é uma das principais formas de resposta perante
cenários extremos, como, foi o caso dos incêndios de 2017 registados em Portugal, onde
foi necessário aplicar este princípio, em vários níveis, do municipal, ao nacional, passando
pelo distrital e, neste caso em particular, também com auxílio do patamar europeu.
Como qualquer sistema, a principal sustentação deve ser a sua base. Neste caso, o
município, através do Serviço Municipal de Proteção Civil (SMPC), com as suas atribuições
deve permitir uma política de sensibilização e prevenção mais próxima às populações,
minimizar e mitigar os riscos existentes, manter o ciclo das catástrofes em constante
movimento e melhorar constantemente os planos de emergência existentes.
O patamar político municipal deve estar sensibilizado para a temática da proteção civil, de
forma a efetuar uma aposta constante num SMPC robusto e com capacidade de avaliação,
análise, planeamento, prevenção, sensibilização e intervenção imediata e constante, pois
os cidadãos, enquanto munícipes, devem fazer a sua avaliação, estar atentos e ter
conhecimento do que nesta área tem vindo a ser realizado.
As alterações legislativas mais recentes vieram descentralizar e reforçar o papel dos
municípios na proteção civil, pelo que se torna importante estudar se estas mudanças
originaram uma alteração do paradigma organizacional dos SMPC, sendo este estudo
delimitado à sub-região das Terras de Trás-os-Montes (nove municípios).
Com a presente investigação foi pretendido estudar de que modo é que os SMPC se
encontram instituídos e organizados, avaliando através das competências que lhes estão
atribuídas, se estes se encontram no cumprimento da legislação em vigor.
Para a concretização do estudo foi aplicado um inquérito por questionário dirigidos à
totalidade dos municípios da sub-região que constituiu a unidade de análise.
Do trabalho realizado concluiu-se que quase a totalidade dos municípios tem o SMPC
criado, sendo que todos eles dependem hierarquicamente do Presidente de Câmara.
Contudo, nem todos têm coordenador municipal de proteção civil nomeado. Relativamente
ao planeamento existe uma pequena percentagem de planos municipais de emergência
aprovados, de acordo com a lei atual e apenas dois foram elaborados pelo próprio SMPC.
We live on a planet in constant change, at a social, technological, economic, environmental and political level, which requires a persevering adaptation in order to respond to the systematic changes in the risks that affect the normal functioning of society. It is therefore important to have well-implemented and articulated civil protection systems, where the principle of subsidiarity is one of the main ways of responding to extreme scenarios, such as the 2017 fires in Portugal, where it was necessary to apply this principle in the several levels, from the municipal, to the national, passing through the district and, in this particular case, also with the help of the European level. As with any system, the main support must be its base, in this case the municipality, through the Municipal Civil Protection Service (SMPC), with its attributions must allow a policy of awareness and prevention closer to the populations, allowing and mitigating existing risks, keep the cycle of disasters in constant motion, and constantly improve existing emergency plans. The municipal political level must be sensitized to the theme of civil protection, in order to make a constant commitment to a robust SMPC with capacity for assessment, analysis, prevention, awareness and immediate and constant intervention, as citizens as citizens they must make their assessment, be attentive and be aware of what has been done in this area. The most recent legislative changes to decentralize and reinforce the role of municipalities in civil protection, so it is important to study these changes resulted in a change in the organizational paradigm of the SMPC, this study being limited to the sub-region of Terras de Trás-os-Montes. It is hoped that this investigation will achieve results that show how the SMPC are instituted and organized, evaluating, through the competences assigned to them, whether they are in compliance with the legislation in force. From the work carried out, it can be concluded that almost all municipalities under study have created the SMPC, and all of them depend hierarchically on the Mayor. However, not all have an appointed municipal civil protection coordinator. Regarding planning, there is a small percentage of municipal emergency plans approved according to the current law and only two were prepared by the SMPC itself.
We live on a planet in constant change, at a social, technological, economic, environmental and political level, which requires a persevering adaptation in order to respond to the systematic changes in the risks that affect the normal functioning of society. It is therefore important to have well-implemented and articulated civil protection systems, where the principle of subsidiarity is one of the main ways of responding to extreme scenarios, such as the 2017 fires in Portugal, where it was necessary to apply this principle in the several levels, from the municipal, to the national, passing through the district and, in this particular case, also with the help of the European level. As with any system, the main support must be its base, in this case the municipality, through the Municipal Civil Protection Service (SMPC), with its attributions must allow a policy of awareness and prevention closer to the populations, allowing and mitigating existing risks, keep the cycle of disasters in constant motion, and constantly improve existing emergency plans. The municipal political level must be sensitized to the theme of civil protection, in order to make a constant commitment to a robust SMPC with capacity for assessment, analysis, prevention, awareness and immediate and constant intervention, as citizens as citizens they must make their assessment, be attentive and be aware of what has been done in this area. The most recent legislative changes to decentralize and reinforce the role of municipalities in civil protection, so it is important to study these changes resulted in a change in the organizational paradigm of the SMPC, this study being limited to the sub-region of Terras de Trás-os-Montes. It is hoped that this investigation will achieve results that show how the SMPC are instituted and organized, evaluating, through the competences assigned to them, whether they are in compliance with the legislation in force. From the work carried out, it can be concluded that almost all municipalities under study have created the SMPC, and all of them depend hierarchically on the Mayor. However, not all have an appointed municipal civil protection coordinator. Regarding planning, there is a small percentage of municipal emergency plans approved according to the current law and only two were prepared by the SMPC itself.
Description
Keywords
Proteção Civil Serviço municipal Mitigação Segurança Prevenção