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Authors
Abstract(s)
A oliveira (Olea europaea L.) é uma cultura permanente crucial em Portugal devido
à sua relevância econômica e cultural relacionada principalmente com a produção de
azeite. No nordeste de Portugal, 72% dos solos são Leptossolos (espessura ≤ 30 cm),
apresentando apenas 12% dos solos espessura superior a um metro. Grande parte dos
olivais em Trás-os-Montes ocupam topografias acidentadas, o que associado à técnica
de mobilização do solo comumente utilizada tem intensificado os processos erosivos e a
consequente perda de espessura e de fertilidade do solo, para além de desequilíbrios na
biota edáfica. A mobilização do solo nos olivais pode apresentar vários problemas. A
frequente mobilização do solo (2 a 3 vezes por ano) causa erosão, desertificação, perda
de matéria orgânica do solo e degradação dos recursos naturais solo e água. Pelo que
se busca práticas alternativas sustentáveis de gestão do solo a fim de promover a
sustentabilidade dos ecossistemas olivícolas, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo
estudar o impacto de duas técnicas de gestão do solo no armazenamento de carbono
num olival de sequeiro localizado em Suçães, Mirandela, NE Portugal. As técnicas de
gestão do solo comparadas (tratamentos) foram a mobilização tradicional do solo com
escarificador (MOB) e a não mobilização com coberturas verdes (CVE). As amostras de
solo foram coletadas nas profundidades 0-10 e 10-20 cm, debaixo da copa das oliveiras
(DC) e na entrelinha (EL). Os resultados mostram que, as maiores quantidades de
carbono por unidade de área (Mg C ha-1) foram registadas no tratamento CVE, debaixo
da copa e na camada 0-10 cm. No tratamento CVE verificou-se um acréscimo da
quantidade de carbono armazenada no solo de 4,9 Mg ha-1, comparativamente ao
tratamento MOB. O aumento do carbono no solo devido ao uso de coberturas verdes
sugere que, a médio/longo prazo, ocorrerá uma melhoria da qualidade do solo e da
atividade biológica do solo, podendo ainda proporcionar benefícios econômicos através
da venda de créditos de carbono. Estes resultados sublinham a importância de práticas
sustentáveis de gestão do solo para a conservação dos recursos solo e água e da
produtividade dos olivais.
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a crucial perennial crop in Portugal due to its economic and cultural significance, primarily related to olive oil production. In northeastern Portugal, 72% of the soils are Leptosols (thickness ≤ 30 cm), with only 12% of soils having a thickness greater than one meter. A large part of the olive groves in Trás-os-Montes occupies rugged topographies, which, combined with the commonly used soil tillage technique, has intensified erosion processes and the consequent loss of soil thickness and fertility, as well as imbalances in soil biota. Soil tillage in olive groves can present several problems. Frequent soil tillage (2 to 3 times a year) causes erosion, desertification, loss of soil organic matter, and degradation of natural soil and water resources, leading to the search for alternative sustainable soil management practices to promote the sustainability of olive-growing ecosystems. This study aimed to investigate the impact of two soil management techniques on carbon storage in a rainfed olive grove located in Suçães, Mirandela, NE Portugal. The soil management techniques compared (treatments) were traditional soil tillage with a scarifier (MOB) and no-tillage with green covers (CVE). Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm, under the olive tree canopy (UC) and in the inter-row (IR). The results show that the highest amounts of carbon per unit area (Mg C ha-1) were recorded in the CVE treatment, under the canopy, and in the 0-10 cm layer. In the CVE treatment, there was an increase of 4.9 Mg ha-1 in the amount of carbon stored in the soil compared to the MOB treatment. The increase in soil carbon due to the use of green covers suggests that, in the medium/long term, there will be an improvement in soil quality and biological activity, potentially providing economic benefits through the sale of carbon credits. These results underline the importance of sustainable soil management practices for the conservation of soil and water resources and the productivity of olive groves.
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a crucial perennial crop in Portugal due to its economic and cultural significance, primarily related to olive oil production. In northeastern Portugal, 72% of the soils are Leptosols (thickness ≤ 30 cm), with only 12% of soils having a thickness greater than one meter. A large part of the olive groves in Trás-os-Montes occupies rugged topographies, which, combined with the commonly used soil tillage technique, has intensified erosion processes and the consequent loss of soil thickness and fertility, as well as imbalances in soil biota. Soil tillage in olive groves can present several problems. Frequent soil tillage (2 to 3 times a year) causes erosion, desertification, loss of soil organic matter, and degradation of natural soil and water resources, leading to the search for alternative sustainable soil management practices to promote the sustainability of olive-growing ecosystems. This study aimed to investigate the impact of two soil management techniques on carbon storage in a rainfed olive grove located in Suçães, Mirandela, NE Portugal. The soil management techniques compared (treatments) were traditional soil tillage with a scarifier (MOB) and no-tillage with green covers (CVE). Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm, under the olive tree canopy (UC) and in the inter-row (IR). The results show that the highest amounts of carbon per unit area (Mg C ha-1) were recorded in the CVE treatment, under the canopy, and in the 0-10 cm layer. In the CVE treatment, there was an increase of 4.9 Mg ha-1 in the amount of carbon stored in the soil compared to the MOB treatment. The increase in soil carbon due to the use of green covers suggests that, in the medium/long term, there will be an improvement in soil quality and biological activity, potentially providing economic benefits through the sale of carbon credits. These results underline the importance of sustainable soil management practices for the conservation of soil and water resources and the productivity of olive groves.
Description
Keywords
Olival de sequeiro Armazenamento de carbono Gestão do solo Coberturas verdes Mobilização do solo Nordeste de Portugal.