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- 5th Symposium of Applied Science for Young Researchers: Book of AbstractsPublication . Fernandes, Florbela P.; Torres, Helena; Pinto, Pedro; Malta, SilvestreThese are the abstracts of the 5th Symposium of Applied Science for Young Researchers – SASYR. This scientific event welcomed scientific works on the topics covered by the following four research centers: – CeDRI (from IPB, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança) – 2Ai (from IPCA, Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave) – GECAD (from IPP, Instituto Politécnico do Porto) – ADiT-lab (from IPVC, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo) The primary objective of SASYR 2025 is to create a welcoming and relaxed environment for young researchers to present their work, discuss recent findings, and explore new ideas. In this way, this event offers an opportunity for the CeDRI, 2Ai, GECAD, and ADiT-lab research communities to leverage synergies and promote collaborations, thereby enhancing the quality of their research. The SASYR 2025 took place at Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal, on 2 July 2025.
- Airline stock market reaction to CrowdStrike IT outage: an event study analysisPublication . Costa, João; Cró, Susana; Moutinho, Nuno; Martins, António MiguelThis study investigates the short-term market effect of CrowdStrike IT outage in the airline industry. Using an event study methodology, we evidence that airline stocks respond significantly negatively to the technology disruption within two days before and after the event day. IT disruptions, by creating friction in daily operations, such as broken schedules, delayed or cancelled flights, negative externalities, and customer dissatisfaction, lead to loss of value for airlines. The results also show that the most affected airlines are those from main CrowdStrike customers countries (mainly non-Asian countries) and an irrelevance of the business model. Finally, the extent of the stock market’s response to the CrowdStrike IT outage is influenced by other airline characteristics such as profitability, size, leverage, and cyber risk rating.
- Analyses of pandemics’ quantitative data and economic indicatorsPublication . Carvalho, Kathleen; Reis, Luis Paulo; Teixeira, João PauloThe proposed work is a study that attempts to evaluate the financial impacts of pandemic mitigation strategies in order to be part of a central model that forecasts different scenarios in pandemic situations considering the impact of mitigation procedures in the Economic System and Healthcare System. Economic fluctuations impose a more significant challenge on prediction models, and pandemic modeling methodologies are primarily concerned with the variability of epidemic features, the efficiency of control measures over time, and the development of different viral variants. In this context, this paper correlates economic indicators with quantitative parameters of the last three respiratory virus pandemics, specifically the GDP and the unemployment rates, with a sample encompassing three European countries, the United Kingdom (UK), France, and Germany, that pass through the pandemics under study. The results provide intriguing information, such as the moderated and weak correlation factor between deaths with GDP in the Spanish flu and Swine flu, and the WWI and the 2009 crises can explain which. On the other hand, the correlation factors associated with COVID-19 show a weak to moderate correlation parameter with GDP and unemployment rates but present interesting numbers when the number of people fully vaccinated is compared with GDP. Also, as the correlation factor does not presente a strong relation between daily deaths and GDP, this indicates a necessity for comparison with other economic parameters.
- Application of Benford’s law to detect signs of under-invoicing in companies in the restaurant sector during the COVID-19 pandemicPublication . Martins, Ana Catarina Rodrigues; Alves, Jorge; Vaz, Clara B.The main objective of this study is to detect signs of under-invoicing by applying Benford‘s law to the Portuguese restaurant sector during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the context of government support policies. Between 2020 and 2021, the State adopted several measures to provide additional support to companies that have seen a significant decrease in their activity, namely, a reduction of at least 25% in turnover. A literature review was carried out focusing on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the companies under analysis, the support measures adopted by the State and, finally, a survey of the theoretical component relating to the application of Benford‘s law in accounting. The data were collected from the Iberian Balance Sheet Analysis System database for 2019, 2020, and 2021. After analysing the data, significant deviations are observed in several digits, practically for all the compliance tests, both in the analysis of the first digit test and in the analysis of the first two digits test. The results therefore show signs of under-invoicing in 2020 by the analysed companies, which suffered, on average, a 79% reduction in turnover.
- Exploring indicators to identify bias in artificial intelligence modelsPublication . Saadi, Omar; Pereira, Ana I.; Muñoz, Raquel ÁvilaThis thesis details the conception, development, and evaluation of the Bias Detector Tool, an open-source Python application specifically built in the context of this work to assess ethical aspects of artificial intelligence (AI) systems. The tool evaluates machine learning (ML) models and datasets across five key ethical dimensions: fairness, transparency, privacy, robustness, and accountability. It is intended to assist researchers, developers, and policy makers to identify ethical risks in AI systems. The tool employs a modular pipeline that processes CSV-format datasets, applies established metrics using specialized libraries such as Fairlearn, Diffprivlib, and LIME and generates comprehensive output reports in TXT, JSON, and CSV formats. It offers a scoring mechanism that classifies each ethical indicator on a scale from 0 to 1 and provides both technical results and simplified interpretations for non-expert users. To validate the tool’s functionality and reliability, a test scenario was conducted in collaboration with Professor Raquel Ávila Muñoz, an expert in Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion at the Complutense University of Madrid. The evaluation compared datasets with limited ethical integrity such as those lacking diversity or metadata with well-structured datasets showing inclusive data practices. The tool successfully reflected these differences through the scoring system confirming its efficacy in identifying ethically problematic datasets. In summary, this work contributes to the field of responsible AI by offering a practical, transparent, and user-friendly approach to ethical assessment. The tool is publicly available via GitHub, encouraging further adaptation and development by the research community.
- FSC Certification in the Sustainability Management Control Systems: A Case Study of Four Wood Trading CompaniesPublication . Leite, Joaquim; Ribeiro, Vânia; Carmo, CecíliaThere are many management indicators on sustainability, but it is important to better understand the practices and the underlying reasons for including the monitoring of forestry certificates in management control. The purpose of this paper is to examine how and why Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification is incorporated into sustainability management control systems (MCSs). FSC certification serves as a credible tool for companies to demonstrate their alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), enhancing stakeholder confidence. The literature review centers on the concepts of FSC certification and sustainability MCSs. A multiple case study methodology was employed, focusing on four companies in the wood and wood-based product sector, particularly those with forestry certifications like FSC. Data were collected from documents published online by the companies studied, followed by a content analysis typical of qualitative research. The results show that the companies studied integrate FSC certification into their MCSs through diverse practices (how?) driven by sustainability motivations (why?). These firms adopt and promote sustainable initiatives, embedding FSC principles into their systems for performance monitoring and assessment. The findings indicate that companies in this sector not only adopt sustainable practices but also prioritize sharing information about these efforts. Practically, it was observed that retail businesses dealing with wood and wood-based products incorporate seven out of the ten FSC principles into their management systems. This reflects a significant level of integration of FSC certification within the MCSs of the analyzed companies.
- Impacto da IA no ambiente corporativo: desenvolvimento de um assistente com IA generativa para assessores de investimentosPublication . Ferreira, Lucas Scriptore Marques; Lopes, Isabel Maria; Souza, Wesley Angelino deEsta dissertação explora a aplicação prática de modelos de linguagem de grande escala (LLMs), com foco no ChatGPT, no apoio à rotina de trabalho de assessores de investimentos. O objetivo foi desenvolver um assistente virtual personalizado, treinado com engenharia de prompt e dados reais do escritório Wura Invest, credenciado à XP Investimentos. O sistema foi projetado para realizar tarefas como análise de carteiras de clientes, sugestões de alocação, preparação de reuniões e geração de relatórios de performance. A metodologia adotada envolveu o design iterativo do prompt mestre, a curadoria de materiais internos (carteiras, cenários econômicos, posicionamentos) e a realização de testes simulados para validar a eficácia da ferramenta. Os resultados indicaram que o modelo é capaz de realizar análises técnicas coerentes, alinhar recomendações ao perfil do cliente e gerar valor real à prática da assessoria. As limitações observadas estão relacionadas à extração de dados não estruturados e à ausência de conexão com APIs externas, apontando caminhos para futuras melhorias. O projeto contribui para o avanço do uso de Inteligência Artificial (IA) generativa no setor financeiro, ao demonstrar como soluções baseadas em Large Language Models (LLM) podem ser adaptadas com sucesso a contextos profissionais específicos.
- Importância da criação de empresas em Vila Pouca de AguiarPublication . Sousa, Diana Ferreira de; Fernandes, P. O.; Cardim, SofiaO empreendedorismo, concretamente a criação de empresas, é um dos principais fatores para o crescimento económico, para a criação de emprego, para o estímulo da inovação e para a melhoria da competitividade global das empresas e dos mercados. O objetivo principal desta investigação é analisar a importância que o empreendedorismo tem numa região industrialmente pouco desenvolvida, nomeadamente, no concelho de Vila Pouca de Aguiar. Neste estudo foi utilizada uma abordagem pesquisa quantitativa. O tratamento e a análise de dados revelaram que os quatro setores de atividade com maior taxa de sobrevivência, entre 2016 e 2021, no concelho de Vila Pouca de Aguiar foram a Construção, seguida do Comércio por Grosso e a Retalho, Reparação de Veículos Automóveis, Motociclos e de Bens de Uso Pessoal e Doméstico, seguida das Atividades de Consultoria, Científicas, Técnicas e Similares e por último das Atividades Administrativas e dos Serviços de Apoio. Para além disso também se notou que mesmo que alguns setores tenham conseguido adaptar-se e aumentar o seu número de empresas, mesmo durante a pandemia, a economia local enfrentou alguns desafios, de que são exemplos a redução do número de empregos e do volume de negócios, sugerindo que as empresas tiveram que diminuir os seus custos e procurar formas de se manterem ativas em um ambiente económico desafiador. O estudo também realça a importância que as medidas de apoio criadas pelo município tiveram na criação de empresas durante a pandemia da Covid-19, permitindo assim diminuir os efeitos provocados por esta nas mesmas, como por exemplo a criação de um Fundo de Emergência de Apoio às microempresas destinando uma quantia orçamental de 150 mil EUR, a isenção e redução do pagamento de rendas de concessão de lojas, isenção e redução nas tarifas de abastecimento de água, saneamento e gestão de resíduos.
- IX Regional Helix'25: Book of Extended AbstractsPublication . Fernandes, Paula Odete; Duarte, António; Vaz, Roberto; Scalabrini, Elaine C.B.; Lopes, Isabel Maria; Ferreira, Jessica; Leite, Joaquim; Alves, Jorge; Moutinho, Nuno; Cardim, Sofia; Ferreira, João José de Matos; Farinha, Luís; Ranga, MarinaOn behalf of the Organising Committee, we would like to extend our sincere thanks to everyone who contributed to the success of the IX International Regional Helix’25 Congress, held from 26th to 28th June at the School of Technology and Management of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), and organised by the Applied Management Research Unit (UNIAG). The event demonstrated the essential role of collaboration among the four key actors of the Quadruple Helix model - academia, industry, government, and civil society - as a driver of sustainable regional development. We were especially pleased to count on the participation of members from the STARS EU consortium and the Thematic Interest Group (TIG) on Entrepreneurship & Innovation, whose contributions to the organising and scientific committees, as well as to the scientific programme, reflected a strong commitment to cooperation and innovation. A particularly memorable moment of the congress was the round table "Transforming Regions through Innovation, Sustainability and Collaboration", which fostered critical dialogue on the challenges and opportunities of collaborative innovation and the role of the Quadruple Helix in regional transformation. We thank all speakers for their valuable contributions and for enriching this important session with meaningful perspectives. The programme also included a Doctoral Forum, offering PhD students a valuable platform to present their research and receive feedback from experienced academics. This initiative supported scientific quality, intergenerational exchange, and the visibility of emerging researchers in an international context. A total of 62 papers were submitted, representing over 150 authors and addressing a wide range of themes, including management, digital transformation, tourism, cultural heritage, entrepreneurship, regional economics, sustainability, and green transitions. Eleven of these papers were recognised during the closing session for their scientific excellence. The quality and impact of the congress are a direct result of the outstanding work presented and the depth of discussion led by all participants, researchers, keynote speakers, and moderators. With participants from Albania, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, the Netherlands, Spain, and Portugal, the congress reinforced its international dimension and its role as a platform for knowledge sharing, collaboration, and regionally focused innovation. We are grateful to the Presidency of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, the Management Board of the School of Technology and Management, the Vice-Presidency for Communication, and the IPB Image Services and IT Technical Services for their support, as well as to the Foundation for Science and Technology, UNIAG, and all sponsoring organisations, both public and private, for making this event possible. A special thank you goes to the Scientific Committee and the Steering Committee, whose valuable guidance and support were instrumental to the success of Regional Helix'25. Last but not least, heartfelt thanks to the Organising Committee and its dedicated team for their commitment, professionalism, and enthusiasm throughout what was both a challenging and rewarding mission. As this chapter closes, we reaffirm our belief in the relevance and future potential of the Regional Helix initiative. We hope it continues to inspire reflection, foster meaningful debate, and open new paths for cooperation, knowledge transfer, and shared development.
- O BSC, o SIPOC e o Visual Management como ferramentas de potenciar a melhoria organizacional: um estudo de caso aplicado ao setor dos transportesPublication . Cardim, Sofia; Borges, Mário; Vara, Natália; Queirós, CristinaA estrutura empresarial portuguesa é composta maioritariamente por micro, pequenas e médias empresas, que nem sempre dispõem dos recursos físicos, materiais e humanos para desenvolver os seus processos operacionais da forma mais sustentável. Estas empresas representam uma fonte de emprego para um grande número de trabalhadores. O presente trabalho tem como principais objetivos evidenciar a importância da utilização do instrumento Balanced Scorecard e do SIPOC, introduzidos através do Visual Management, como ferramentas de melhoria do processo de trabalho numa PME do setor dos transportes. A metodologia é do tipo estudo de caso, com uma observação participante. Como principais resultados da implementação destas ferramentas, verificou-se uma melhoria de diversos processos internos inerentes ao desenvolvimento da sua atividade, sistematizando e desenvolvendo ações diversas no âmbito da sua atividade operacional. Estas mudanças encontram-se relacionadas, em grande medida, com a informatização de alguns processos, nomeadamente respeitantes com o controlo da frota, cargas e viagens, que eram realizados de forma manual e que passaram a ser realizados de forma informatizada, que se fizeram sentir na melhoria do bem-estar dos trabalhadores, essencialmente, da gestão de topo.