CIMO - Resumos em Proceedings Não Indexados à WoS/Scopus
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Percorrer CIMO - Resumos em Proceedings Não Indexados à WoS/Scopus por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "15:Proteger a Vida Terrestre"
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- Improving soil health through nature-based solutions: the effects of olive-pomace-based compostsPublication . Royer, Ana Caroline; Lado, Marcos; Fonseca, Felícia; Hernandez Hernandez, Zulimar; Figueiredo, Tomás d'AquinoLoss of soil organic matter (SOM) is a major issue in Mediterranean regions, especially in NE Portugal, where about 70% of soils are classified as Leptosols. On the other hand, olive groves dominate the region's farmland, and the olive oil industry generates large quantities of by-products. Two-phase olive pomace (OP) has a high organic load and is phytotoxic due to its high phenolic content. Composting OP with other agri-residues offers a nature-based solution that addresses untreated OP disposal challenges while recycling nutrients and supporting the circular economy. This study evaluates the effects of olive pomace-based composts (OPC) on soil physical and chemical properties. OPC was produced by composting OP with sheep manure and almond shells. In a pot trial, 3 OPCs produced with different %OP (OPC44, OPC31 and OPC25) and a commercial organic corrective (HMC) were incorporated in the 0-5cm layer of an eutric Leptosol (2.1% OM) at three doses (10, 20, 40 t.ha-1) + control. Pots were seeded with Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and watered to keep soil moisture above 70% field capacity. After 138 days trial, soil properties were analysed for SOM and its physical fractionation, total C and N, extractable K, P Olsen, pH, effective cation exchange capacity (CEC), bulk density, porosity, field capacity, and aggregate stability. Multivariate analysis showed that compost dose had a stronger influence on soil properties than compost type. Linear regression revealed that SOM, total C, extractable K, pH and effective CEC increased proportionally with dose. The highest dose led to SOM and total C increases of 13.3 and 8.4 g·kg⁻¹, respectively. Compared to HMC, OPCs were better K sources. Organic amendment decreased bulk density (by 8-15%) and increased soil porosity, field capacity, and improved aggregate stability by ~20% (particularly with OPC31 and OPC44). OPC application also enhanced both physical and chemical protection of SOM. C content was highest in macroaggregates, stored as unprotected and coarse particulate OM. Higher doses — especially of OPC31 and OPC44 — promoted larger C accumulation in strongly physically and chemically protected pools, as compared to control and HMC. OPCs application increased mineral-associated OM, likely due to their colloidal nature, supporting long-term SOM stabilization. This study highlights the potential of OPC to improve SOM content, fertility, and soil structure in degraded Mediterranean soils. Composting OP provides a sustainable approach to valorise agri-waste, enhance soil functions, and support climate-smart agriculture.
- Mitochondrial DNA Variability in the Honey bee Apis mellifera L., Implications for ConservationPublication . Vella, Cristina; Lanfranco, Sandro; Hernández, Raquel Martín; Higes, Mariano; Nanetti, Antonio; Pinto, M. Alice; Yadró Garcia, Carlos A.; Henriques, Dora; Cilia, Giovanni; Sagastume De Andrés, Soledad; Adjlane, Noureddine; Al Shagour, Banan; Al Daour, Ahmad; Muz, Mustafa Necati; Muz, Dilek; Hosri, Chadi; Zammit Mangion, Marion; Galea, ThomasThe Western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) is a keystone species that plays a vital role in maintaining environmental health and agricultural productivity. However, it faces significant threats, including indiscriminate pesticide use, parasite ecosystem expansion, climate change, and the uncontrolled importation of non-native subspecies. The PRIMA project MEDIBEES (Monitoring the Mediterranean Honey Bee Subspecies and Their Resilience to Climate Change for Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems) aims to identify the current genetic structure of native honey bee populations across the Mediterranean and neighbouring regions to help support breeding programmes and conservation efforts. A. mellifera subspecies may be classified into four major mitochondrial DNA lineages: A (Africa), M (Western and Northern Europe), C (Eastern and Central Europe) and O (Western and Central Asia), each of which is sub-divided into a number of haplotypes. The occurrence of non-native lineages is a strong indicator of introduction of foreign subspecies. In this study, the mtDNA tRNA-COII region of over 1,344 DNA samples was amplified using standard PCR methods, sequenced and then analysed using Geneious Prime 2024 software. These samples were collected from the Mediterranean and neighbouring regions including A.m. ligustica (Italy), A.m. siciliana (Italy, Sicily), A.m. cypria (Cyprus), A.m. syriaca (Jordan and Lebanon), A.m. ruttneri (Malta), A.m. meda (Iran), A.m. anatoliaca and A.m. caucasica (Turkey), A.m. jemenitica (UAE and Oman), A.m. sahariensis (Morocco and Algeria), A.m. macedonica (Greece) and A.m. intermissa (Algeria). Results indicate that lineage C, typical of A.m. ligustica and A.m. carnica, was present in a number of studied samples, suggesting the introduction of non-native C lineage subspecies through the importation of commercially managed colonies. This presentation will focus on describing the current distribution of mtDNA haplotypes within these subspecies as well as evidence of non-native lineages, indicating the possible introduction of other subspecies into these regions. The implications of the data including insights into the movement and transfer of subspecies in these areas and potential impact on local beekeeping practices will be discussed.
- Nosema ceranae detection in yellow-legged hornet, Vespa Velutina Nigrithorax, in the norwest of SpainPublication . Rodriguez-Flores, Maria Shantal; Lopes, Ana; Diéguez-Antón, Ana; Seijo-Coello, M. Carmen; Pinto, M. AliceThe Vespa velutina nigrithorax is an invasive hornet from Asia that is causing significant concern for its impact on the European beekeeping sector. Its high adaptability and reproductive capacity have enabled the registration of over 50,000 nests in Galicia (northwest Spain) in 2023. It has been estimated that more than 20,000 individuals may emerge from each colony. This hornet consumes large quantities of honey bees in apiaries to satisfy the protein needs of its larvae. It has been demonstrated that this hornet can contain various pollinator pathogens after consuming its preys. The microsporidium Nosema provides a useful illustration of this. N. ceranae is a pathogen that causes a disease called nosemosis, which infects adult honey bees and contributes to colony depopulation. The presence of N. ceranae in V. velutina could have an impact on the dynamics of native host pathogens and contribute to the spread of this parasite. Therefore, there is a need for further knowledge on the presence of N. ceranae in V. velutina. A total of 62 individuals of V. velutina were collected from 11 apiaries located in different municipalities of Galicia to analyze the presence of N. ceranae. After DNA extraction, N. ceranae was determined in the V. velutina specimens by PCR amplification. N. ceranae was detected in five of the 11 apiaries (Culleredo, San Sadurniño, Gondomar, Fonsagrada, and Sergude). In these apiaries, nine hornets were found to be positive for N. ceranae. The results of this study provide information on the presence of N. ceranae in V. velutina, which is likely to have been acquired from honey bee consumption. This study suggests that V. velutina may contribute to the spread of this pathogen, which could represent a potential long-term risk for apiaries.
- Old and new climate change adaptation strategies by Montesinho mountain pastoralists, PortugalPublication . Aleixo-Pais, Isa G.; Castro, José; Frazão-Moreira, Amélia; Castro, João PauloMountain pastoralists are among the communities most affected by climate change, rendering empowerment of mountain communities and supportive policies essential.
- Performance of ESA-CCI-SM Satellite product for estimating soil water deficit: a case study in NE PortugalPublication . Figueiredo, Tomás d'Aquino; Royer, Ana Caroline; Hernandez Hernandez, ZulimarThe Mediterranean climate is characterised by hot and dry summers and water deficit in soils. Monitoring soil water deficit is of crucial importance in Mediterranean cropland, allowing a more cost-effective soil and water management. Satellite-borne data sources provide high temporal resolution information but usually lack the spatial resolution to adequately account for soil variability, namely on the physical-chemical properties that affect soil water storage capacity. As a case study located in Bragança, NE Portugal, the present work aimed at exploring the use of ESA-CCI-SM satellite product to estimate water deficit for a wide range of soil water storage capacities. A satellite-borne soil moisture data series (ESA-CCI-SM product) was clipped for Bragança area (25 x 25 km pixel). Temperature and precipitation (P) records of a weather station located in Bragança were used to compute monthly reference evapotranspiration (ET0, Thornthwaite) and the soil water balance (SWB, Thornthwaite-Mather) along the same period (2003-2016, 168 months). SWB were computed for soil water storages (Smax) representing the Smax range of regional soils (25, 50, 75, 100, 150 mm). Following earlier work by the authors, monthly soil water deficit series (SWD), obtained for the 5 Smax, were analysed and compared with the SM monthly averages series, using basic statistical methods. Average annual P and ET0 in the study period were 750 and 711 mm, respectively. In all years, SWD occurred from June to September, with peaks in July and August (ca. 110 mm each), but it was also recorded in February and in November (1 out of 14 years). Annual SWD decreased linearly with Smax increase (R²=0.994), from 400 mm (Smax 25 mm) to 290 mm (Smax 150 mm). The number of SWD months also decreased in the same range of Smax, from 77 to 74 out of 168. Linear regression models relating SWD to SM monthly data for each Smax were derived and applied to estimate SWD in dry months. Model performance declined with Smax increase, from Smax 25 mm (R2=0.928) to Smax 150 mm (R2=0.873), while SEE remained similar along the Smax range (23 mm). Model parameters are well correlated (R2>0.95) with Smax, allowing the integration in a single model the two variables (SM and Smax). Dry months (SWD>0) were discriminated from non-dry (SWD=0) by SM, respectively lower or higher than 0.21 m3 m-3, with 91% (Smax 25 mm) to 94% (Smax 150 mm) matching frequency. Median SM in the whole Smax range was 0.14 and 0.25 m3 m-3, for dry and non-dry months, respectively. Performance reached encourages the application of the regression models derived for estimating SWD from SM, still with a considerable uncertainty due to the high SEE obtained. As the range of Smax tested was quite large, the regression models can be applied to deliver remote-based estimates of SWD accounting for the variability of soil water storage capacities found in NE Portugal.
- Resposta do cânhamo (Canabis sativa) à densidade de sementeira e fertilização azotadaPublication . Eje, Röndahl; Arrobas, Margarida; Queijo, Luís; Rocha, João; Rodrigues, Manuel ÂngeloO cânhamo já foi uma cultura muito importante. Durante a época dos Descobrimentos os navios utilizavam até cem toneladas de cordas e têxteis para as velas feitas de cânhamo. Recentemente foram identificados cerca de vinte e cinco mil produtos manufaturados com cânhamo. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram estudar a resposta da densidade da plantação e da fertilização azotada na produtividade de fibra e de semente na cultura do cânhamo. Os ensaios foram conduzidos com irrigação em dois locais no nordeste de Portugal, em Bragança (na Terra Fria) e em Mirandela (na Terra Quente). A cultura foi semeada em três densidades (25, 50 e 100 kg ha-1) e adubada com três doses diferentes de azoto (50, 100 e 200 kg ha-1). Foi também incluída uma modalidade testemunha, sem fertilização azotada, e três repetições de cada tratamento. Os resultados mostraram que ambos os fatores em estudo, densidade de plantação e adubação azotada, tiveram influência na produtividade de uma forma não linear. A maior produção de fibra neste ensaio foi obtida com a cultura semeada na densidade de 25 e 50 kg ha-1 de semente e com uma adubação de 100 kg N ha-1. Com uma adubação superior a 100 kg N ha-1 verifica-se uma diminuição na produtividade que poderá ser justificada por desequilíbrios nutricionais associados ao excesso de azoto. A maior produção de semente neste ensaio foi obtida nos tratamentos com a menor densidade de plantação e nas três menores dosagens de azoto.
- An unparalleled survey of honey bee genetic diversity in Europe – insights from wing shape, nuclear whole genome, and mitochondrial DNA dataPublication . Pinto, M. Alice; Li, Fernanda; Lopes, Ana R.; Taliadoros, Demetris; Costa, Maíra; Yadró Garcia, Carlos A.; Cunha, Larissa; Henriques, Dora; Martin Hernandez, Giselle; Albo, Alexandre; Blažytė-Čereškienė, Laima; Brodschneider, Robert; Brusbardis, Valters; Carreck, Norman; Charistos, Leonidas; Chlebo, Robert; Cillia, Giovanni; Coffey, Mary F.; Dahle, Bjorn; Danneels, Ellen; Dobrescu, Constantin; Filipi, Janja; Gajda, Anna; Gratzer, Kristina; Groeneveld, Linn; Hatjina, Fani; Johannesen, Jes; Kolasa, Michal; Körmendy-Rácz, János; Kovačić, Marin; Kristiansen, Preben; Dupleix-Marchal, Anna; Martikkala, Maritta; McCormack, Grace; Martín-Hernández, Raquel; Nanetti, Antonio; Pavlov, Borce; Pietropaoli, Marco; Poirot, Benjamin; Radev, Zheko; Raudmets, Aivar; René-Douarre, Vincent; Roessink, Ivo; Smodiš Škerl, Maja Ivana; Soland, Gabriele; Titera, Dalibor; Van Der Steen, Joseph; Varnava, Andri; Vejsnæs, Flemming; Graaf, Dirk C. de; Webster, MathewEurope is home to 10 subspecies of Apis mellifera, classified into four main lineages sensu Ruttner: M (western and northern European), C (southeastern European), A (African), and O (Middle Eastern). However, large-scale movements of honey bee genetic material—driven by transhumance and, more importantly, queen trading—has intensified gene flow, particularly from the C-lineage subspecies A. m. carnica and A. m. ligustica, threatening the genetic integrity of several subspecies and blurring the genetic boundaries between subspecies. Here, we analyzed over 1,200 recently collected samples from apiaries in 33 countries using a multi-marker approach: maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (tRNAleu-cox2 intergenic region), nuclear genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and wing shape (DeepWings©) to provide the most updated and extensive account of honey bee genetic variation in Europe. Our results reveal a strong dominance of C-lineage ancestry across Europe, with noteworthy introgression signals in island subspecies and A. m. mellifera populations outside conservation apiaries. Notably, all three markers consistently captured these broad introgression patterns. This unprecedented survey highlights a worrying trend of genetic homogenization in European honey bee populations. Moreover, the widespread prevalence of C-lineage genetic introgression underscores the need for conservation efforts to preserve the diversity shaped by evolution, which is crucial for adaptation to growing environmental challenges.