ESE - Artigos em Revistas Indexados à WoS/Scopus
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Percorrer ESE - Artigos em Revistas Indexados à WoS/Scopus por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "13:Ação Climática"
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- Climate Skepticism in a University Context: Influences of Gender, Religion and Political SpectrumPublication . Ramos, Ricardo; Rodrigues, Maria José; Rodrigues, IsildaClimate change is one of today's most urgent issues, requiring immediate action to ensure a sustainable future. However, society must have a solid climate literacy to achieve this goal. Efforts to increase knowledge about climate change are often undermined by climate denialism, which proliferates on social media and in the public sphere. In this context, universities play a crucial role as centers of scientific dissemination, training students who will be future leaders. This study aimed to assess climate denialism at a Portuguese university, analyzing its relationship with variables such as gender, religion, and political spectrum. The research had a sample of 89 respondents, and the data was statistically analyzed to identify patterns and correlations. The results revealed that climate denialism is more prevalent among individuals on the right of the political spectrum. In addition, it was observed that denialism is present in all the religions analyzed and that male respondents tend to agree more with ideas that deny climate change. These findings reinforce the importance of targeted educational strategies adapted to different sociodemographic profiles to combat denialism and promote greater climate literacy.
- Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefightersPublication . Esteves, Filipa; Madureira, Joana; Barros, Bela; Alves, Sara; Pires, Joana; Martins, Sandra; Oliveira, Marta; Vaz, Josiana A.; Slezakova, Klara; Pereira, Maria do Carmo; Fernandes, Adília; Morais, Simone; Guimarães, João Tiago; Bonassi, Stefano; Teixeira, João Paulo; Costa, SolangeWhile occupational exposure as a firefighter is considered a dangerous occupation, research on the underlying mechanisms remains limited, particularly in wildland firefighters. Inflammation, a key effect of wildfire expo- sure, plays a significant role in the development of various diseases. The current study aims to investigate the impact of wildland firefighting exposure on the levels of pro-inflammatory systemic biomarkers. A pre-post study design investigated 59 wildland firefighters comparing data collected after participation in a wildfire event (Phase II) with data obtained before wildfire season (Phase I). Data on demographics, lifestyle, health and occupational-related factors were assessed. Exposure factors, such as fire combat (e.g., exposure duration), were also registered. Inflammatory biomarkers (i.e. interleukin-6 [IL-6], interleukin-8 [IL-8], tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α] and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) and hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons metabolites (1-OHNaph+1-OHAce, 2-OHFlu, 1-OHPhen, 1-OHPyr) were analysed in blood and urine samples, respectively. Serum IL-8 and IL-6 levels were significantly increased after wildland fire combat. IL-8 levels were 2.62 times higher (95 % CI: 1.96–3.50; p < 0.01), whereas IL-6 levels were 1.25 times higher (95 % CI: 1.00–1.57; p = 0.04). Furthermore, IL-8 levels were significantly correlated with urinary 2-hydroxyfluorene levels and fire combat duration (>12 h). In addition, the mean hs-CRP level, in both phases, was above 3.0 mg/L, indicating a potential risk for cardiovascular events. Given the long-term health implications of fire- fighting occupational exposure, biomonitoring and early detection of occupational risks are essential for pro- tecting firefighters’ health. Protective measures must be urgently implemented to enhance occupational health and strengthen preventive strategies in this sector.
- Occupational exposure to wildland firefighting and its effects on systemic DNA damagePublication . Esteves, Filipa; Madureira, Joana; Costa, Carla Sofia; Pires, Joana; Barros, Bela; Alves, Sara; Vaz, Josiana A.; Oliveira, Marta; Slezakova, Klara; Fernandes, Adília; Pereira, Maria do Carmo; Morais, Simone; Valdiglesias, Vanessa; Bonassi, Stefano; Teixeira, João Paulo; Costa, SolangePortugal is among the European Union countries more devastated by forest fires. Wildland fire- fighters are at the forefront of this battle, facing exposure to a wide range of harmful pollutants. Epidemiological studies have highlighted a potential link between occupational firefighting exposure and several diseases, including cancer. To date, very few studies have explored the biological mechanisms associated with such exposure. The present longitudinal study aims to assess changes in early effect biomarkers following wildland firefighters’ occupational exposure to a real wildfire event. Paired blood samples from 59 healthy Portuguese wildland firefighters were collected at two different time points: before wildfire season and after a fire event during wildfire season. Sociodemographic variables (e. g., age, sex) and work-related factors (e.g., years of service) were assessed via a self-reported questionnaire. Levels of early effect biomarkers, such as primary DNA damage and oxidative DNA damage (oxidised purines) were assessed via comet assay. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were evaluated by phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX). Moreover, hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites (OHPAHs) and metal(loid)s were quantified in urine samples. The influence of urinary OHPAHs, urinary metal(loid)s, and other exposure- related factors (e.g., firefighting duration) on changes (Δ) in early effect biomarkers (post-vs. baseline levels) was investigated. Firefighting activities led to a significant increase in both primary DNA damage and oxidative DNA damage by 22 % (95 % CI: 1.11–1.35; p < 0.05) and 23 % (95 % CI: 1.04–1.45; p < 0.05), respectively. Results from linear regression revealed that per each unit increase of urinary 2-hydroxyfluorene (2-OHFlu) (μmol/mol creatinine), the risk of ⧍ oxidative DNA damage increased by 20 % [FR: 1.20 (1.09–1.32); p < 0.01]. Addi- tionally, each unit increase in urinary cesium (Cs) (μg/L) resulted in a significant 4 % increase in Δ primary DNA damage [FR: 1.04 (1.01–1.06); p < 0.05] and a 3 % increase in Δ oxidative DNA damage [FR: 1.03 (1.01–1.05); p < 0.05]. Post-exposure levels of γH2AX were significantly correlated with urinary 2-OHFlu levels assessed after firefighting (r = 0.30; p < 0.05). Furthermore, exposure duration and reported breathing difficulties during firefighting were significantly associated with increased levels of primary DNA damage. Results obtained provide insights into the potential human health effects of wildland firefighting occupational exposure at the genetic and molecular levels, offering new and important mechanistic data. These findings are crucial for implementing health and safety measures, recommendations, and best practices to mitigate occupational risks and protect the health of wildland firefighters.
- Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds: One Health PerspectivePublication . Gonçalves, Ana Carolina Almeida ; Pinto, Ana R.; Cima, André; Olo-Fontinha, Eva; Martins, Joana; Garcia, Juliana; Lemos, André; Saavedra, Maria José; Pintado, Maria Manuela; Alves, Maria JoséThis review, within the One Health framework, compiles information on plant-derived bioactive compounds and emphasises their multifunctional role in improving environmental, animal, and human health. These compounds support sustainable health and ecological stability by influencing biological and environmental processes. Data from literature research are combined to explain the mechanisms and potential uses of different key bioactive compounds. Mechanistic insights focus on their capacity to regulate oxidative stress, inflammation, and microbial balance, linking these effects to therapeutic benefits in human health, enhanced animal productivity, and environmental sustainability. These compounds show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and metabolic activities, helping prevent chronic diseases, strengthen immunity, and reduce reliance on antibiotics and pollution. Examples like quercetin, resveratrol, and curcumin demonstrate their roles in modulating inflammatory and metabolic pathways to foster sustainable health and ecological balance. Bioactive compounds are linked to the One Health strategy, providing benefits across biological systems. Nonetheless, challenges such as variability, bioavailability, and standardization remain. Future directions should aim to develop sustainable extraction and formulation methods, leverage omics technologies and artificial intelligence for discovery and characterization, and foster industry partnerships to validate these compounds and secure global regulatory approval.
- Rural and urban adolescents environmental attitudesPublication . Martins, Maria da Conceição; Veiga, Feliciano H.; Oliveira, Íris M.; Veiga, Carlota M.; Carvalho, Nuno A.; Martínez, Isabel; Festas, IsabelThe worldwide intensification of environmental problems has increased political debates and educational concerns about behaviors and citizens’ responsibilities. Studying the factors and dynamics of environmental attitudes is critical for environmental behaviors. However, studies regarding environmental attitudes throughout adolescence and considering rural and urban regions are lacking. This study investigated the environmental attitudes of early and middle adolescents, comparing rural and urban regions. The sample consisted of 1,262 students (53.6% women) who completed two environmental attitude inventories: one measuring ecocentrism (sustaining environmental preservation) and another measuring anthropocentrism (sustaining environmental utilization). Urban students presented higher anthropocentric attitudes than rural students. Early adolescents scored higher on ecocentric attitudes, whereas middle adolescents scored higher on anthropocentric attitudes. Urban students increased anthropocentric attitudes from early to middle adolescence, while rural students decreased ecocentric attitudes. The findings highlight developmental and contextual differences in environmental attitudes, which have implications for education and policy. We discuss recommendations for future research.