Browsing by Author "Ziani, Borhane E.C."
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- Analyses phytochimiques et propriétés des composés bioactifs: amélioration d’une huile végétale par incorporation des extraits de plantes steppiquesPublication . Ziani, Borhane E.C.; Ziani, Roumayssa; Barros, Lillian; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.La multitude de structures phénoliques qui pourraient être contenus dans un matériel végétal donné, ainsi que leur teneur élevée en polyphénols totaux, permet leur utilisation en tant que facteurs antioxydants efficaces pour les corps gras. Le but de cette recherche est d'évaluer l'efficacité des extraits de deux plantes médicinales préparés à partir de trois solvants différents (EtOH, Ethyacétate et l’eau) dans une huile d'olive algérienne pauvre en antioxydants naturels exposée à une oxydation forcée au rancimat. Les extraits ont été ajoutés à 300, 500 et 900 ppm de niveau d'équivalence phénolique. Après oxydation on réévalue les paramètres physico-chimiques pour suivre la dégradation des échantillons d’huiles sujettes à la thermo-oxydation. Tandis qu’une étape primordiale du dosage des antioxydants tant qu’une évaluation de leur potentiel antioxydant a également été réalisés comme première étape dans les extraits de plantes et de l'huile avant le chauffage, et seulement sur l'huile après le chauffage pour évaluer les la perte en antioxydants intervenant dans le processus antioxydant. Ainsi une teneur élevée en polyphénols totaux (en mg eq AG/g MS) et flavonoïdes (en mg eq CAT/gMS) a était respectivement notée pour l’extrait EtOH/H2O (456,05±8,54, 30,21±0,28) suivi de l’extrait aqueux (424,23±7,79, 46,45±0,11) et l’Ethylacétate (229,76±4,76, 9,13±0,19). Ce qui permet tout de même à l’extrait EtOH/H2O d’avoir le potentiel antioxydant le plus remarquable (IC50= 88,687μg/ml). Les résultats du Rancimat conduisent à conclure qu’une concentration moyenne en extrait pourra avoir des temps d’induction les plus élevés (15h +/- 0,5). Sur la base des analyses statistiques obtenus, il est irréfutable que l'utilisation d’additifs naturels d'origine végétale pour l'enrichissement de lipides (graisses et huiles) et les aliments contenant des lipides est une perspective a considéré afin de prolonger la durée de vie des matières grasses.
- Atividade antimicrobiana de acacia tortilis em patogénicos comensais e microbiota vaginal não patogénicaPublication . Silva, Andreia; Silva, Sofia; Pires, Tânia C.S.P.; Ziani, Borhane E.C.; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.; Alves, Maria JoséEnquadramento: a vaginose Bacteriana (VB) é a doença infeciosa mais comum do trato vaginal, afeta muitas mulheres em todo o mundo e ocorre quando há um desequilíbrio na microbiota vaginal, ocorrendo diminuição de Lactobacillus 1-4. A Acacia tortilis é conhecida pelas suas propriedades medicinais de entre as quais se destacam a sua atividade antibacteriana e antifúngica. Objetivo: avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana do extrato hidroetanólico de Acacia tortilis em patogénicos vaginais e em microbiota vaginal humana. Metodologia: estudo experimental. O extrato hidroetanólico de A. tortilis foi obtido por um método de maceração com agitação utilizando etanol/ água (80:20 v/v) à temperatura ambiente. A atividade antimicrobiana foi avaliada pelo método da microdiluição e ensaio colorimétrico com cloreto de p-iodonitrotetrazólio (INT). Resultados: o extrato hidroetanólico apresentou valores de concentrações mínimas inibitórias (CMIs) bastante promissoras em microrganismos patogénicos como Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis e Gardenerella vaginalis (1,25 mg/mL). Já para Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a CMI aumentou para 5 mg/mL. Relativamente à microbiota vaginal não-patogénica, os três Lactobacillus testados apresentaram CMIs de 5 mg/mL. Comparando as CMIs dos patogénicos comensais com a microbiota vaginal não patogénica comensal, verificamos que para uma concentração de 2,5 mg/mL de extrato, foram inibidos alguns patogénicos comensais como Gardenerella vaginalis, Proteus mirabilis e Escherichia coli, no entanto, os Lactobacillus (casei, plantarum , delbrueckii subs. bulgaricus LMG) testados não sofreram inibição. Conclusão: o extrato hidroetanólico de Acacia tortilis inibiu o crescimento de alguns patogénicos comensais sem afetar o crescimento da microbiota vaginal não patogénica (Lactobacillus).
- Bioactive properties of bio-residues from food industry: pumpkin seeds, peels, and fibrous strandsPublication . Leichtweis, Maria Gabriela; Molina, Adriana K.; Pereira, Carla; Pires, Tânia C.S.P.; Bachari, Khaldoun; Ziani, Borhane E.C.; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.; Barros, LillianThe limitation of natural resources, together with current consumer trends and needs, demand the implementation of sustainable food systems, able to produce healthier products and fulfil circular economy principles. The food industry is under pressure to offer healthy, convenient, and ready-to-eat foods, able to meet daily nutritional needs, provide pleasure and satiety, and attend to consumers’ growing expectations and safety issues [1]. Given its high nutritional value, pumpkin is one of the most important sources of sustenance of the poorest regions in the world. Nevertheless, during the industrial processing of this fruit, about 25% of the pumpkin is wasted, being this by-product mainly constituted by peels, seeds, and fibrous strands [2]. Through the present work, these bio-residues were assessed in terms of bioactive properties, namely the lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity (TBARS) and the anti-hemolytic activity (OxHLIA), as also the cytotoxicity against a primary culture of non-tumor porcine liver cells (PLP2), by the sulforodamine B assay. Three pumpkin varieties grown in Algeria were studied, namely Cucurbita pepo (common pumpkin), Cucurbita moschata (butternut squash), and Cucurbita moschata (Musquée de Provence). Regarding the antioxidant activity, in the TBARS assay, the seeds stood out for all the varieties, with the best result being presented by the common pumpkin. The seeds of this variety showed an IC50 value of about 1.5 times lower than that of the positive control, Trolox. On the other hand, in the OxHLIA assay, the results were quite similar between the type of bioresidues and between the varieties. Despite their strong lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity, the seeds of the common pumpkin did not present anti-hemolytic properties. Regarding cytotoxicity, the effect of inhibiting non-tumor cell growth was not observed, even at the highest tested concentration (400 μg/mL), which is of great importance in food safety. These preliminary results are the basis for future studies aiming at the valorization of bioresidues from food industry, allowing its application as food additives, for preservative purposes.
- Bioactive properties of medicinal plants from the Algerian flora: selecting the species with the highest potential in view of application purposesPublication . Ziani, Borhane E.C.; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Barreira, João C.M.; Barros, Lillian; Hazzit, Mohamed; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.The Algerian flora contains a wide variety of plant species with potential to be used in medicinal applications. Herein, the bioactive properties of medicinal plants from Algeria were evaluated to select the species with highest suitability to be used under specific purposes, while scientifically validating their health claims. The antioxidant activity of the infusions was screened by using several tests and cytotoxic properties were evaluated against human tumor cell lines (as also against non-tumor cells). Different hydrophilic bioactive compounds were also quantified. The results were analyzed considering individual variations in each parameter (ANOVA), but also in an aggregated approach by applying principal component analysis to acquire a comprehensive knowledge regarding the overall bioactive potential of the studied species. Limoniastrum guyonianum and Thymus pallescens showed the highest antioxidant activity (EC50 values ranging from 29 to 229 μg/mL and 54 to 240 μg/mL, respectively), whilst Asteriscus graveolens and L. guyonianum gave the best cytotoxicity against human tumor cell lines (GI50 values ranging from 11 to 29 μg/mL and 22 to 70 μg/mL, respectively). T. pallescens stood out as the species with highest bioactive compounds contents (phenols: 463 mg GAE, flavonoids: 194 mg CE, esters; 186 mg CAE; flavonols: 85 mg QE, considering g of lyophilized infusion basis). From a global point of view, T. pallescens, Saccocalyx satureioides and Ptychotis verticillata proved to be the preferable choices as high potential sources of bioactive compounds, while Haloxylon scoparium, L. guyonianum and A. graveolens would be the most suitable matrices considering the bioactivity (especially cytotoxicity) criterion, as inferred from the PCA outputs.
- Biological activity of pumpkin byproducts: antimicrobial and antioxidant propertiesPublication . Leichtweis, Maria Gabriela; Molina, Adriana K.; Pires, Tânia C.S.P.; Dias, Maria Inês; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Bachari, Khaldoun; Ziani, Borhane E.C.; Oliveira, Beatriz; Pereira, Carla; Barros, LillianPumpkin fruits are widely appreciated and consumed worldwide. In addition to their balanced nutritional profile, pumpkin species also present valuable bioactive compounds that confer biological and pharmacological properties to them. However, the seeds, peels, and fibrous strands resulting from pumpkin processing are still poorly explored by the food industry. The current study used those fruit components from the genotypes of pumpkin that are economically significant in Portugal and Algeria to produce bioactive extracts. In order to support their usage as preservatives, their phenolic content (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS) and antioxidant (OxHLIA and TBARS) and antimicrobial properties (against eight bacterial and two fungal strains) were assessed. In terms of phenolic profile, the peel of the Portuguese ‘Common Pumpkin’ showed the most diversified profile and also the highest concentration of total phenolic compounds, with considerable concentrations of (-)-epicatechin. Regarding the antioxidant capacity, the seeds of ‘Butternut Squash’ from both countries stood out, while the fibrous strands of Portuguese ‘Butternut Squash’ and the seeds of Algerian ‘Gold Nugget Pumpkin’ revealed the strongest antimicrobial activity. The bioactive compounds identified in the pumpkin byproducts may validate their enormous potential as a source of bio-based preservatives that may enhance consumers’ health and promote a circular economy.
- Caracterização fenólica (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS) e bioativa de extratos ricos em moléculas conservantesPublication . Leichtweis, Maria Gabriela; Molina, Adriana K.; Pereira, Carla; Pires, Tânia C.S.P.; Dias, Maria Inês; Bachari, Khaldoun; Ziani, Borhane E.C.; Oliveira, Beatriz; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.; Barros, LillianCom o intuito de valorizar subprodutos industriais e promover processos sustentáveis, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo explorar as cascas, sementes e fibras resultantes do processamento da abóbora como fonte de compostos bioativos com capacidade conservante. Assim, foram avaliados os subprodutos de três variedades cultivadas na Argélia, nomeadamente ‘Gold nugget pumpkin’, ‘Butternut Squash’ e ‘Musqueé de Provence’. A composição fenólica foi avaliada por HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSe o potencial conservante dos extratos foi demonstrado através da análise da atividade antioxidante, por dois métodos biológicos (TBARS e OxHLIA), e antimicrobiana, contra oito estirpes de bactérias e duas de fungos. Todas as amostras apresentaram capacidade de inibição microbiana e elevada atividade antioxidante, com destaque para as sementes, especialmente da variedade ‘Gold nugget pumpkin’ que apresentou um valor de IC50 inferior ao do controlo positivo Trolox no ensaio TBARS. As sementes também apresentaram melhor atividade antibacteriana do que os restantes subprodutos, protegendo contra sete das oito estirpes bacterianas testadas, na concentração máxima de 10 mg/mL. Relativamente ao perfil fenólico, conforme apresentado na Figura 1, foram tentativamente identificados sete compostos, sendo estes o flavan-3-ol (-)-epicatechin ([M-H]- at m/z 289; pico 1), o ácido cítrico ([M-H]- at m/z 191; pico 2), o ácido fenólico 4-O-(6′-O-glucosyl-4″-hydroxybenzoyl)-4- hydroxybenzyl alcohol ([M-H]- at m/z 405; pico 3), e quatro flavonoides nos restantes picos. Curiosamente, as cascas e as fibras apresentaram maior quantidade e heterogeneidade de compostos fenólicos totais do que as sementes. Estes resultados provam o potencial dos subprodutos de abóbora como fontes económicas e promissoras de compostos conservantes, favorecendo processos industriais mais sustentáveis.
- Detailed chemical composition and functional properties of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Cross. & Dur. and Moringa oleifera LamarckPublication . Ziani, Borhane E.C.; Rached, Wahiba; Bachari, Khaldoun; Alves, Maria José; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Barros, Lillian; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.Edible Ammodaucus leucotrichus Cross. & Dur. and Moringa oleifera Lamarck are largely used in the Algerian Sahara. In this context, soluble sugars, fatty acids, organic acids, and tocopherols were characterized. Decoctions and hydroethanolic extracts were studied regarding their phenolic compounds by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn, and in-vitro cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities were evaluated. Results indicate high contents of carbohydrates (glucose and sucrose) and significant levels of protein and mineral were recorded for both plants. Malic acid was the major organic acid alongside with α-tocopherol, while PUFA was predominant in M. oleifera and MUFA in A. leucotrichus. Flavonoid derivatives were the most abundant group, being luteolin-O-(malonyl-glucoside) the main compound in A. leucotrichus and quercetin-3-O-(6″-malonyl-glucoside) and 3-O-caffeoylquininc acid the major molecules in M. oleifera. Extracts exhibited significant cytotoxicity on Hela and MCF-7 cell lines. The anti-inflammatory activity was also higher in the hydroethanolic extracts, which also revealed the highest antibacterial effects, especially for Gram-positive bacteria.
- Evaluation of the phenolic profile and bioactive potential of portuguese and Algerian pumpkin by-productsPublication . Leichtweis, Maria Gabriela; Molina, Adriana K.; Pires, Tânia C.S.P.; Dias, Maria Inês; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Bachari, Khaldoun; Ziani, Borhane E.C.; Oliveira, Beatriz; Pereira, Carla; Barros, LillianPumpkin, a globally appreciated fruit, possesses a balanced nutritional profile and valuable biological and pharmacological properties. However, currently, the industrial processing of this fruit still focuses on the pulp, while large volumes of by-products are wasted. Considering the potential content of high value-added compounds in this fruit parts, like seeds and peel [1], the present study proposed the seeds, peel, and fibrous strands from three different genotypes that are economically significant in Portugal and Algeria to produce bioactive extracts. In order to support their usage as preservatives, their phenolic content and bioactivity were assessed. The hydroethanolic extracts (80:20 ethanol/water) were obtained by maceration, and their phenolic profile was analyzed by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS, with a tentative identification followed by quantification. Also, the antioxidant properties were assessed through two cell based assays (OxHLIA and TBARS) and the antimicrobial capacity was tested against eight bacterial and two fungal strains. In terms of phenolic profile, eight compounds were found, six of which belonging to the flavonoid family. The Portuguese ‘Common Pumpkin’ peel showed the most diversified profile and also the highest concentration of total phenolic compounds (9.4 ± 0.3 mg/g), with considerable concentrations of (-)-epicatechin (4.58 ±0.08 mg/g). Despite the different phenolic composition, all samples presented relevant bioactive properties. Regarding the antioxidant capacity, the seeds of ‘Butternut Squash’ from both countries stood out, while the fibrous strands of Portuguese ‘Butternut Squash’ and the seeds of Algerian ‘Gold Nugget Pumpkin’ revealed the strongest antimicrobial activity. In addition, the potential safety of the extracts was verified, where none of the samples showed toxicity against a primary culture of non-tumor porcine liver cells (PLP2) up to 400 g/mL. The identification of bioactive compounds in pumpkin byproducts highlights their significant potential as a source of bio-based preservatives, which can promote consumers’ health and contribute to a circular economy.
- Food preservative extracts from pumpkin by-productsPublication . Molina, Adriana K.; Leichtweis, Maria Gabriela; Pereira, Carla; Pires, Tânia C.S.; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Bachari, Khaldoun; Ziani, Borhane E.C.; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.; Barros, LillianPumpkin is a vegetable widely consumed around the world, popularly known for its nutritional and pharmacological properties. Some reports in the literature reveal the rich profile of nutrients and bioactive compounds of pumpkin varieties [1,2]. However, the seeds, peels, and fibers resulting from pumpkin processing are still poorly explored by food industry. Considering the alarming scenario of losses and waste during all the food supply chain worldwide [3] and seeking to promote a more sustainable food system, the present study purposed to investigate the by-products of different varieties of pumpkin as a source of extracts with preservative capacity for food application. For that purpose, hydroethanolic extracts from the varieties “Butternut squash”, “Common pumpkin”, and “Kabocha squash” from Portugal, and “Butternut squash”, “Common pumpkin”, and “Musquée de provence” from Algeria, were evaluated in terms of their bioactivities, more specifically the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic capacities. All the samples presented great antioxidant capacity through two based-cell assays, namely the lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity (TBARS) and the anti-hemolytic activity (OxHLIA). Interestingly, the seeds of the common pumpkin from Algeria did not present antihemolytic properties, despite showing the strongest lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity. In fact, the seeds stood out for all the pumpkin varieties in the TBARS assay, while in the OxHLIA assay, the results were quite similar between the type of bioresidues and between the varieties. Moreover, the samples from Portugal showed greater antioxidant capacity than the Algerian ones. Regarding cytotoxicity, the effect of inhibiting non-tumor cell growth was not observed, even at the highest tested concentration of 400 μg/mL. This first validation is of great importance to prevent food safety issues. These preliminary results are the basis for future studies aiming at the valorization of these bioresidues from food industry as a great source of preservative compounds toward the replacement of synthetic additives with natural alternatives allied to health benefits, as also the promotion of a circular economy
- Hemi-synthesis of novel (S)-carvone hydrazone from Carum carvi L. essential oils: structural and crystal characterization, targeted bioassays and molecular docking on human protein kinase (CK2) and Epidermal Growth factor Kinase (EGFK)Publication . Tedjini, Rima; Ziani, Borhane E.C.; Casimiro, Teresa; Viveiros, Raquel; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Barros, Lillian; Boukenna, Leila; Hamdi, Abderrezak; Chebout, Redouane; Bachari, Khaldoun; Talhi, Oualid; Silva, ArturPolyfunctional N,O,O,N-type ligands such as the oxalyl dihydrazide (ODH) may induce formation of mono- , di-, and polynuclear complexes with natural monoterpene ketones, involving ligand bridging and Oxo- bridging. In this context, a novel chiral dihydrazone is designed through hemi-synthesis process by re- acting oxalyldihydrazide (ODH) with ( s )-carvone, the major compound of caraway’s seeds essential oil. The C = N imine bi-condensation is performed without prior isolation of the natural ( s )-carvone and the resulting ( s )-carvone dihydrazone (s-CHD) is structurally characterized by Single-crystal X-ray diffrac- tion, 2D-NMR spectroscopy and chiral LCMS analysis to confirm the formation of a single pure enan- tiomer. In -vitro cell-based assays were conducted on normal fibroblast (L929) using a presBlue (PB) flu- orescence quantification method of cell-viability and by sulforhodamine B calorimetric cytotoxicity as- says to determine the anti-proliferative effect on four human tumoral lines (NCI-H460, Hela, HepG2 and MCF-7) and normal PLP2. Anti-inflammatory assays were determined through NO production by Maurine LPS-stimulated macrophages (RAW 264.7). The ( s )-CHD has no effect on normal cells viability ( > 88%) and PLP2 (GI50 = 326 ug/mL), while a moderate ( ∼55%) to significant ( ∼63%) antigrowth potential was recorded against HepG2, Hela and MCF-7 tumor cell lines, where RAW 264.7 was feebly sensitive. A molecular docking was performed using Autodock vina software on the protein kinase CK2 and Epi- dermal Growth factor Kinase proteins EGFK and the dock scores allowed to identify significant bind- ing affinities (lower G and Ki values) and potential hydrophilic/hydrophobic interactions with ( s )-CHD comparing to the clinical ellipticine as potential ligands. Molecular docking suggests that ( s )-CHD pos- sesses high affinity towards the kinase domain receptors CK2 and EGFR, being able to bind to the ATP region.