Browsing by Author "Soares, Sandra"
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- Domínio espaço nos manuais portugueses de físico-química do 7º ano: uma perspetiva de géneroPublication . Fernandes, Ana Maia; Soares, Sandra; Cardim, Sofia; Editora, Atena, AtenaA questão da sub-representação feminina nas áreas STEM tem sido amplamente analisada a nível global, devido à desigualdade de acesso das mulheres a algumas dessas áreas, como a Física. Nesse contexto, a escola desempenha um papel fundamental na democratização do conhecimento e na promoção da igualdade de oportunidades. O viés de género presente nos manuais escolares pode influenciar significativamente as perceções sobre quem possui competência em determinadas áreas do saber, uma vez que essas representações frequentemente perpetuam estereótipos ligados a papéis sociais específicos. O estudo analisou representações de género em imagens do domínio Espaço em manuais portugueses de Físico-Química do 7.º ano. Utilizando um design de investigação mista, identificaram-se desproporções significativas de género e padrões que perpetuam estereótipos masculinos, em linha com a literatura. Os resultados indicaram que, em todas as categorias avaliadas, o número de figuras masculinas foi superior, com a razão entre figuras masculinas e femininas variando de 1,8 a 9,0. No que diz respeito às figuras históricas, foram encontradas apenas duas referências femininas. Nas categorias “pessoas associadas à atividade científica” e “pessoas a realizar atividades relacionadas com os conteúdos do manual”, a desproporção entre homens e mulheres também foi evidente. Nesta última categoria, as atividades desempenhadas pelas figuras femininas, também em alinhamento com a literatura, continuam a reforçar estereótipos de género, destacando papéis maternais ou atividades de lazer.
- Portuguese websites obesity informationPublication . Martins, Diana; Almendra, Joana; Jesus, Marta; Soares, Sandra; Dias, Tânia Gisela Miranda; Ferro-Lebres, Vera; Fernandes, AntónioThe internet is widely used by everyone as a source of health information,namely in obesity and weight lost. However, the easy production and edition of documents on the Internet enables any user to be an author and write the information according to their will, not ensuring the veracity of it. In this context the internet may be seen as a threat to one’s health. Thus, the aim of the study was to characterize and evaluate Portuguese websites obesity information and verify if the technical and scientifi c background of the author was related to the obesity information score of the websites. Portuguese 127 websites were evaluated with regard to obesity information, according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network Management of Obesity a national clinical guideline. The average score for information on obesity was 6.38 in 26 possible on websites aimed at children/young people and 3.51 in the 24 possible directed at adults. Of the websites examined 67% did not mention the technical training of the author and only 11% were authored by a Dietitian. This study shows that the score of obesity information was signifi cantly higher in the sub-sample of the Dietitian or multidisciplinary team author. These results demonstrate the need to regulate the Internet as a source of health information, requiring the presence of a professional with technical training in healthcare.
- Portuguese websites obesity informationPublication . Martins, Diana; Almendra, Joana; Jesus, Marta; Soares, Sandra; Dias, Tânia Gisela Miranda; Fernandes, António; Ferro-Lebres, VeraThe internet is widely used by everyone as a source of health information, namely in obesity and weight lost. However, the easy production and edition of documents on the Internet enables any user to be an author and write the information according to their will, not ensuring the veracity of it. In this context the internet may be seen as a threat to one’s health. Thus, the aim of the study was to characterize and evaluate Portuguese websites obesity information and verify if the technical and scientific background of the author was related to the obesity information score of the websites. Portuguese 127 websites were evaluated with regard to obesity information, according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network Management of Obesity a national clinical guideline. The average score for information on obesity was 6.38 in 26 possible on websites aimed at children / young people and 3.51 in the 24 possible directed at adults. Of the websites examined 67% did not mention the technical training of the author and only 11% were authored by a Dietitian. This study shows that the score of obesity information was significantly higher in the sub-sample of the Dietitian or multidisciplinary team author. These results demonstrate the need to regulate the Internet as a source of health information, requiring the presence of a professional with technical training in healthcare.
- The quality of portuguese obesity websitesPublication . Martins, Diana; Soares, Sandra; Jesus, Marta; Gomes, Joana Isabel Almendra; Dias, Tânia Gisela Miranda; Fernandes, António; Ferro-Lebres, VeraThe objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of Portuguese obesity websites. A cross-sectional, quantitative and observational study was designed. The evaluation of 127 sites found using the Google in “Advanced Search” option “pages in Portuguese”, country “Portugal” was performed. The quality criteria used in this study resulted from the merger/adaptation from several authors previously published. The information on obesity was evaluated according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network: Management of Obesity, a National Clinical Guideline, 2010. The quality criteria most mentioned in the websites, were the purpose (80.3%) and authority (73.2%). On the other hand, the editorial review (7.9%) and references (15.7%) were mentioned in the narrowest websites. The websites analyzed had a mean quality score of 5.2 points (± 2.1) out of 11. A significant correlation was found between the score of information on obesity and quality score for adults group (0.282) and both ages group (0.437). In Portugal, the websites that provide information on obesity had, generally, a low quality score.
- Volatile biomarkers for wild mushrooms species discriminationPublication . Malheiro, Ricardo; Pinho, P. Guedes de; Soares, Sandra; Ferreira, António César da Silva; Baptista, PaulaSecondary metabolites present in the volatile fraction of six wild mushroom species (Clitocybe odora, Clitocybe fragrans, Hebeloma crustuliniforme, Lepista nuda, Tricholoma fracticum and Tricholoma terreum) were studied, as an attempt to identify compounds capable to distinguish mushroom species for taxonomic and authentication purposes. Volatiles were assessed by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME) and by gas chromatography/ion-trap mass-spectrometry (GC/IT–MS). By using target analysis, 46 volatiles were grouped in 5 chemical classes: alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, sesquiterpene-like compounds and terpenes. Each species revealed a unique volatile profile, with changes in the dominant chemical class. Aliphatic compounds with eight carbon atoms, such as 3-octanol, 1-octanol and 3-octanone were the most abundant. The non-target approach application, using all HS–SPME–GC–MS data (raw chromatograms) aims to detect a large number of compounds to get a fingerprint of each sample. This procedure, involving previous data treatments as chromatogram data alignments, sample data fingerprints, and multivariate analysis, represents a powerful tool to execute an initial screening of the analytical results, enabling a faster interpretability of the results without time-consuming through identifications and quantifications. Unsupervised signal decomposition techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) applied both to targeted and non-targeted approaches revealed 11 volatile compounds (3-octanol, 3-octanone, linalool, 1-octanol, 1-pentanol, (E)-2-octen-1-ol, hexanol, hexanal, (E)-2-octenal, ρ-anisaldehyde and sesquiterpene-like compound) in common with an important discriminating power, suggesting that those compounds can play a crucial biomarker role in the characterization of the six wild species of mushrooms.