Browsing by Author "Pateiro, Mirian"
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- Development of healthier and functional dry fermented sausages: present and futurePublication . Sirini, Noelí; Munekata, Paulo E.S.; Lorenzo Rodriguez, Jose Manuel; Stegmayer, María Ángeles; Pateiro, Mirian; Pérez-Álvarez, José Ángel; Sepúlveda, Néstor; Sosa-Morales, María Elena; Teixeira, Alfredo; Fernández-López, Juana; Frizzo, Laureano; Rosmini, MarceloIn recent years, consumer perception about the healthiness of meat products has changed. In this scenario, the meat industry and the scientific and technological areas have put their efforts into improving meat products and achieving healthier and functional formulations that meet the demands of today’s market and consumers. This article aims to review the current functional fermented meat products, especially on sausage development. Firstly, an emphasis is given to reducing and replacing traditional ingredients associated with increased risk to consumer’s health (sodium, fat, and nitrites), adding functional components (prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotics, and polyphenols), and inducing health benefits. Secondly, a look at future fermented sausages is provided by mentioning emerging strategies to produce innovative healthier and functional meat products. Additional recommendations were also included to assist researchers in further development of healthier and functional sausages.
- Did the addition of olive cakes obtained by different methods of oil extraction in the finishing diet of bisaro pigs affect the volatile compounds and sensory characteristics of dry-cured loin and "cachaco"?Publication . Leite, Ana; Vasconcelos, Lia; Ferreira, Iasmin da Silva; Dominguez, Rubén; Pateiro, Mirian; Rodrigues, Sandra; Pereira, Etelvina; Campagnol, Paulo C.B.; Perez-Alvarez, José Angel; Lorenzo, José M.; Teixeira, AlfredoThis study was conducted to determine the effects of different types of olive cake in the basal diet of Bisaro pigs on the volatile compounds and sensory characteristics of dry-cured loin and "cachaco". A total of 40 Bisaro breed animals were allocated to four treatments, along with a control group (T1-control, T2-crude olive cake, T3-centrifugation two phases, T4-exhausted, and T5-exhausted with 1% of olive). Various extraction methods (centrifugation, pressing, and exhaustion) were employed for the olive cake used. Furthermore, the extracted olive cake was supplemented with 1% olive oil. Eighty compounds were identified and grouped into eight chemical classes: hydrocarbons, aldehydes, esters, alcohols, ketones, acids, furans, and other compounds. Aldehydes and alcohols were the major groups of compounds, representing 57.06-66.07% and 68.67-75.61% for the loin and "cachaco", respectively. There were no significant differences between treatments for any of the volatile compounds identified. The major aldehydes were hexanal, heptanal, pentanal, and propanal. These compounds were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in "cachaco". This significant difference between the two types of dry-cured products was directly related to the amount of total fat content. The major alcohols were 2.3-butanediol, 1-octen-3-ol, 1-butanol, 3-methyl, 1-hexanol, benzyl-alcohol, and glycidol. Except for compounds 2,3-butanediol and benzyl-alcohol, the majority in this group were significantly different in terms of the type of dry-cured product. As for the sensory evaluation, for both dry-cured products, the trained tasters did not detect significant differences between the different treatments. The results showed that the olive cake obtained by different methods of oil extraction did not negatively affect the sensory and volatile components of the processed meat products; thus, they maintained their appeal to the consumer.
- Effect of partial meat replacement by Hibiscus sabdariffa by-product and Pleurotus djamor powder on the quality of beef pattiesPublication . Bermúdez Piedra, Roberto; Rangel-Vargas, Esmeralda; Lorenzo, José M.; Rodriguez, Jose Antonio; Munekata, Paulo E.S.; Teixeira, Alfredo; Pateiro, Mirian; Romero, Leticia; Santos, Eva MaríaThe effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle; Hs) by-product (2-5%) and Pleurotus djamor (pink oyster; Pd) powder (5-7.5%) as meat replacers on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of beef patties were analyzed. The addition of these non-meat ingredients significantly decreased moisture and increased fiber content, and did not affect the protein level of the product. The antioxidant effect of the roselle by-product was limited, while Pleurotus djamor favored the oxidation processes. The samples supplemented with roselle by-product and mushroom powder presented significantly lower microbial counts (total viable counts, enterobacteria, and Pseudomonas) than control, but texture and sensorial parameters were significantly affected. The patties darkened due to the presence of the Hibiscus by-product, while the color of the samples containing 5% Pleurotus djamor was hardly modified. These samples, together with the control samples, were the most sensorially appreciated. The addition of these ingredients provoked a decrease in texture parameters, being less pronounced in the samples with only 2% of roselle by-product. In spite of the good antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Hibiscus by-products, its inclusion in meat should be moderate (2-2.5%) to avoid consumer rejection when Pleurotus djamor is also included in the formulation.
- Fatty acid profile of lamb meat from two portuguese autochthonous breedsPublication . Pateiro, Mirian; Gonzales-Barron, Ursula; Echegaray, Noemí; Purriños, Laura; Carvalho, Francisco A.L.; Franco, Daniel; Munekata, Paulo E.S.; Cadavez, Vasco; Lorenzo Rodriguez, Jose ManuelIn Portugal, sheep and goat meat production accounts for 2.8% of the total meat production in the country; and it is capable of supplying approximately 82% of the domestic demand (INE, 2015). Churra-Galega-Bragançana (CGB) and Bordaleira-entre-Douro-e-Minho (BEDM) are two native breeds of the north of Portugal, classified as endangered lamb breeds. These breeds are exploited for meat production, the former in the Atlantic bio-region and the latter in the Mediterranean area. Production factors, such as breed, have a great influence on nutritional aspects related with the content and quality of fat and fatty acid profile (Frank et al., 2016), which are considered important quality indicators that have a great influence on consumer acceptability (Andersen et al., 2005), especially nowadays as consumers have become increasingly concerned about health and the relationship between meat consumption and saturated fatty acids (Leroy and De Smet, 2019). These autochthonous breeds constitute an important genetic heritage that must be preserved, so assessing their fatty acid profile will allow a correct characterization of these breeds and their products.
- Influence of feeding system on Longissimus thoracis et lumborum volatile compounds of an Iberian local lamb breedPublication . Echegaray, Noemí; Domínguez, Rubén; Cadavez, Vasco; Bermúdez Piedra, Roberto; Pateiro, Mirian; Gonzales-Barron, Ursula; Lorenzo Rodriguez, Jose ManuelThe chemical composition and volatile profile of the Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle of lambs reared in two distinct production systems (intensive and extensive) was evaluated. For this, sixty-six lambs for meat production of the autochthonous Gallega Iberian breed were raised with concentrate and grass in intensive (30 animals) and extensive (36 animals) system, respectively, until 4–4.5 months of age when they were slaughtered. Subsequently, Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscles were excised for the determination of chemical composition (moisture, intramuscular fat, protein, and ash percentages) and volatile substances. The aftermaths obtained evidenced that moisture (75.90% and 75.68%), intramuscular fat (1.68% and 1.76%), and protein (20.62% and 20.97%) contents were not significantly (P gt 0.05) affected by the production system. However, the extensively-fed lambs displayed a higher ash content (1.35% vs. 1.24%). Additionally, the total volatile content was also not significantly (P gt 0.05) influenced by feeding system. Despite this, the total content of hydrocarbons, acids, aldehydes, ketones, esters, ethers, furans, sulfur compounds, and others was significantly (P lt 0.05) affected by diet, being the alcohol family the only group not influenced (P gt 0.05) by the production system (1321.3 vs. 1211.3 AU × 104/g fresh muscle). Specifically, intensively-fed lambs showed significantly higher amounts for all volatile families apart from ketones (2215 vs. 2826 AU × 104/g fresh muscle) and sulfur compounds (22.7 vs. 123.7 AU × 104/g fresh muscle). In addition, benzyl alcohol and carbon disulfide were proposed as appropriate biomarkers for grass diets, while 1-butanone, 2-heptanone, and furan, 2-penthyl were indicated as suitable tracers for concentrate-based diets.
- Potential use of elderberry (Sambucus nigra l.) as natural colorant and antioxidant in the food industry: a reviewPublication . Domínguez, Rubén; Pateiro, Mirian; Munekata, Paulo E.S.; López, Eva María Santos; Rodríguez, José Antonio; Barros, Lillian; Lorenzo Rodriguez, Jose ManuelThe food industry, in response to current consumer demand for natural and functional foods, is constantly evolving and reformulating traditional products formulations. Thus, during the last decades, multiple natural sources have been investigated to replace the need to add synthetic additives. In addition, the use of natural sources can also increase the nutritional quality of the food. With this in mind, elderberry is used in the food industry for certain purposes. However, its potential is much higher than the number of applications it currently has. Its high content of anthocyanins, as well as other polyphenols and vitamins, means that it can be used by the food industry both as a colorant and as an antioxidant. In addition, the incorporation of these bioactive compounds results in functional foods, with a high antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the inclusion of elderberry products in foods formulation increases their shelf-life, but the correct amount and strategy for adding elderberry to food should be studied to ensure a positive effect on nutritional and technological properties without affecting (or improving) the sensory quality of foods. Therefore, this manuscript aims to review the main bioactive compounds present in elderberries, as well as their potential uses in the food industry.
- Protein oxidation in muscle foods: a comprehensive reviewPublication . Domínguez, Rubén; Pateiro, Mirian; Munekata, Paulo E.S.; Zhang, Wangang; García-Oliveira, Paula; Carpena Rodríguez, María; Prieto Lage, Miguel A.; Bohrer, Benjamin; Lorenzo Rodriguez, Jose ManuelMuscle foods and their products are a fundamental part of the human diet. The high protein content found in muscle foods, as well as the high content of essential amino acids, provides an appropriate composition to complete the nutritional requirements of humans. However, due to their special composition, they are susceptible to oxidative degradation. In this sense, proteins are highly susceptible to oxidative reactions. However, in contrast to lipid oxidation, which has been studied in depth for decades, protein oxidation of muscle foods has been investigated much less. Moreover, these reactions have an important influence on the quality of muscle foods, from physico-chemical, techno-functional, and nutritional perspectives. In this regard, the loss of essential nutrients, the impairment of texture, water-holding capacity, color and flavor, and the formation of toxic substances are some of the direct consequences of protein oxidation. The loss of quality for muscle foods results in consumer rejection and substantial levels of economic losses, and thus the control of oxidative processes is of vital importance for the food industry. Nonetheless, the complexity of the reactions involved in protein oxidation and the many different factors that influence these reactions make the mechanisms of protein oxidation difficult to fully understand. Therefore, the present manuscript reviews the fundamental mechanisms of protein oxidation, the most important oxidative reactions, the main factors that influence protein oxidation, and the currently available analytical methods to quantify compounds derived from protein oxidation reactions. Finally, the main effects of protein oxidation on the quality of muscle foods, both from physico-chemical and nutritional points of view, are also discussed.
- Quality attributes of lamb meat from European breeds: Effects of intrinsic properties and storagePublication . Gonzales-Barron, Ursula; Rodrigues, Gisela; Piedra, Roberto Bermúdez; Coelho-Fernandes, Sara; Osoro, Koldo; Celaya, Rafael; Maurício, Raimundo Serrão; Pires, Jaime; Tolsdorf, Anna; Geß, Andreas; Chiesa, Francesco; Pateiro, Mirian; Brugiapaglia, Alberto; Bodas, Raúl; Baratta, Mario; Lorenzo Rodriguez, Jose Manuel; Cadavez, VascoThe sustainability of the European sheep farming sector can be ensured through the high and consistent quality of products, although the concept of meat quality, being multifaceted, is challenging to keep up by farmers and producers. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate quality attributes (CIE L*, a*, b*, lipid oxidation, cooking loss and Warner-Bratzler texture test) of lamb meat during cold storage originating from eight European breeds raised under their normal production systems (n = 292 lambs); and (ii) to elucidate the influence of storage and intrinsic properties (cold carcass weight [CCW], ultimate pH [pH24], water activity [aw], and proximate composition) on the aforementioned quality attributes measured on the 3rd, 9th and 15th day post slaughter. All meat quality properties displayed a high variability due to the breed × production systems, although, as a whole, L*, a*, b*, TBARs and cooking loss increased during storage (P lt 0.001), whereas the tenderisation process was of non-linear decay nature (P = 0.001). While production system – taken across breeds – was not found to affect meat cooking losses, it heavily influenced CCW, producing intensive systems heavier (P lt 0.001) carcasses (21.4 kg) than those raised in semi-extensive (14.9 kg) and extensive systems (13.8 kg). On the 15th day of storage, TBARs from intensive systems was significantly (P lt 0.001) higher than those of extensively raised lambs (0.839 mg MDA/kg vs. 0.299 mg MDA/kg, respectively). Although the extensive and semi-extensive systems initially produced less tender meat (P lt 0.05) than intensive systems, on the 15th day of storage, meat from extensive (23.4 N/cm2) and semi-extensive systems (24.4 N/cm2) presented as good tenderness quality (P lt 0.10) as that of the intensive systems (22.1 N/cm2). Within breed × production systems, higher CCW or intramuscular fat was associated to darker meat (P lt 0.001 and P = 0.014), higher redness (P lt 0.001 for both), greater lipid oxidation (P = 0.016 and P lt 0.001), and lower slope (P = 0.014 and P = 0.004) and force (P = 0.027 and P = 0.001). The only intrinsic property that heavily affected most of the quality attributes was ash content, since meat of higher ash content presented higher luminosity (P = 0.008), and lower redness (P lt 0.001), yellowness (P lt 0.001), TBARS (P lt 0.001), cooking loss (P = 0.002) and tenderness (P lt 0.001). The elucidation of the impact of intrinsic properties on the lamb meat quality attributes during storage can help breeders and producers modify current flock management, feeding strategies and pre-slaughter and slaughter practices towards quality improvement or meeting particular consumers’ demands.
- Seaweed-derived proteins and peptides: promising marine bioactivesPublication . Echave Álvarez, Javier; Otero, Paz; García-Oliveira, Paula; Munekata, Paulo E.S.; Pateiro, Mirian; Lorenzo Rodriguez, Jose Manuel; Simal-Gandara, Jesus; Prieto Lage, Miguel A.Seaweeds are a typical food of East-Asian cuisine, to which are alleged several beneficial health effects have been attributed. Their availability and their nutritional and chemical composition have favored the increase in its consumption worldwide, as well as a focus of research due to their bioactive properties. In this regard, seaweed proteins are nutritionally valuable and comprise several specific enzymes, glycoproteins, cell wall-attached proteins, red algae phycobiliproteins, lectins, peptides, or mycosporine-like amino acids. This great extent of molecules has been reported to exert significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, or antitumoral properties. Hence, knowledge on algae proteins and derived compounds have gained special interest for the potential nutraceutical, cosmetic or pharmaceutical industries based on these bioactivities. Although several molecular mechanisms of action on how these proteins and peptides exert biological activities have been described, many gaps in knowledge still need to be filled. Updating the current knowledge related to seaweed proteins and peptides is of interest to further asses their potential health benefits. This review addresses the characteristics of seaweed protein and protein-derived molecules, their natural occurrence, their studied bioactive properties, and their described potential mechanisms of action.