Browsing by Author "Fonseca, Rui Brito"
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- Asthma prevalence in adolescent students from a Portuguese primary and secondary schoolPublication . Flores, Pedro Miguel; Teixeira, José Eduardo; Leal, Anna Kosmider; Branquinho, Luís; Fonseca, Rui Brito; Silva-Santos, Sandra; Batista, Amanda; Encarnação, Samuel; Monteiro, A.M.; Ribeiro, Joana; Forte, PedroAsthma is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, with a considerable increase, especially in children. It is considered the main cause of childhood morbidity, school absenteeism, and limitations in sports practice. The causes are multifactorial, and their prevalence varies from region to region, thus verifying a great disparity in the estimates of the prevalence of asthma. In this sense, the objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence of asthma, its control, as well as the frequency of associated symptoms, in adolescents who attended the 3rd cycle of basic education and secondary education in schools in the municipalities of Paços de Ferreira, Paredes, and Penafiel. The sample consisted of 1222 (587 males and 635 females) (p = 0.17) aged between 12 and 17 years. The instruments used to diagnose asthma-associated symptoms were the standard questionnaire of the “International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood—ISAAC” and to check whether asthma was controlled, the “Test for Asthma Control” questionnaire was used. The results reveal a high prevalence of adolescents with asthma (8.9%) with a significant percentage that did not have the disease under control (38%). There was also a considerable percentage of adolescents who, despite not having asthma, have many symptoms associated with the disease. These results may be associated with environmental factors.
- Promoção da literacia em saúde nas organizações de educação e de saúde: uma reflexãoPublication . Fonseca, Rui Brito; Galvão, Ana MariaPartindo do relatório da OCDE (Organização para a Cooperação e De senvolvimento Económico) "O Futuro da Educação e Competências 2030", em que a literacia em saúde surge como uma competência cen trai para o século XXI e uma meta crítica para a educação, com o intuito de capacitar os cidadãos, aumentando o controlo sobre a sua própria saúde e melhorar o seu acesso à mesma. pretende-se abordar e ana lisar a promoção da literacia em saúde nas organizações de educação e de saúde, enquanto prioridade para o desenvolvimento sustentável, o crescimento societal e a manutenção da saúde e do bem-estar ao longo da vida. É um determinante da saúde, uma ferramenta impul sionadora da equidade em saúde e é considerada uma estratégia fun damentai de capacitação. A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) enfatiza o seu papel no quadro do contexto da educação escolar, como meio de promoção da saúde física e mental dos alunos e dos profis sionais. Neste sentido, a Declaração de Shanghai da OMS identifica o setor educacional como o ambiente mais importante para o ensino e a aprendizagem da literacia em saúde desde o início da vida. Ainda que a responsabilidade de promoção da literacia em saúde seja cole tiva, os professores e os profissionais de saúde assumem um papel- -chave na capacitação das populações.
- The influence of abdominal adiposity and physical fitness on obesity status of portuguese adolescentsPublication . Encarnação, Samuel; Forte, Pedro; Flores, Pedro Miguel; Magalhães, David; Afonso, Gil H.; Pereira, Albino; Fonseca, Rui Brito; Ribeiro, Joana; Silva-Santos, Sandra; Teixeira, José Eduardo; Monteiro, A.M.; Ferraz, Ricardo; Branquinho, LuísThe aim of this study was to verify the relationship between abdominal adiposity and physical fitness in the obesity status of Portuguese adolescents. BMI, abdominal adiposity, and physical fitness tests from the FITescola® were evaluated in a total of 654 Portuguese adolescents, aged 10-19 years old—male: n = 334 (51%), female: n = 320 (49%). For the final model, BMI was positively related with age (β = 0.25), abdominal adiposity (β = 0.313), horizontal jump (β = −0.100), 40 m maximal velocity (β = 0.274), and aerobic fitness (β = −0.250, R2 = 0.75, F = 382.2, and p = 0.0001). We conclude that higher age and abdominal adiposity are positively related with a higher adolescent BMI. Furthermore, lower horizontal jump distances and worse times on the 40 m maximal velocity were inversely related with a higher adolescent BMI, and lower aerobic fitness was inversely related with a higher adolescent BMI.
- The necessity of a reduced version of the psychomotor battery to screen for learning difficulties in preschool childrenPublication . Flores, Pedro Miguel; Teixeira, José Eduardo; Leal, Anna Kosmider; Ribeiro, Joana; Monteiro, A.M.; Fonseca, Rui Brito; Branquinho, Luís; Ferraz, Ricardo; Forte, PedroPsychomotor development is important for effective learning. Therefore, psychomotor observation is essential beginning in preschool education; however, observational instruments require practice, experience and time-consuming procedures. Psychomotor Battery (PBM) is useful to observe children’s psychomotor profile but needs 30 to 40 min per child to be applied. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to justify the need of a reduced version of the PBM to enable more frequent psychomotor observations at this level of education. A total of 70 preschool students with typical development were observed over 4 months in a school context, among which 31 were males and 39 were females (4- and 5-year-old). PBM is composed by seven psychomotor factors (PMF) distributed across three neuropsychological functional units. The total average of points for psychomotor observations was obtained using multiple linear regression (MLR) with a Stepwise method. For associations, Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was used. The results of this study showed that it is possible to reduce the average time of psychomotor observation by 43.7% (13 min and 31 s), maintaining a very strong association with the total average of points obtained. This reduction in observation time may contribute to the increase in psychomotor observations of preschool children using PMB.