Browsing by Author "Carpena, Maria"
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- Challenges for future food systems: from the Green Revolution to food supply chains with a special focus on sustainabilityPublication . Soria‐Lopez, Anton; Garcia‐Perez, Pascual; Carpena, Maria; Garciá‐Oliveira, Paula; Otero, Paz; Fraga-Corral, Maria; Cao, Hui; Prieto Lage, Miguel A.; Simal‐Gandara, JesusFinding a food system to feed the growing worldwide population remains a challenge, especially in the current era, where natural resources are being dramatically depleted. From a historical point of view, the Green Revolution, together with biofortification and sustainable intensification, was established as a possible solution to counter hunger and malnutrition during the second half of the 20th century. As a solution, to overcome the limitations attributed to the Green Revolution, food supply chains were developed. The current food system, based on the long food supply chain (LFSC), is characterized by globalization, promoting several advantages for both producers and consumers. However, LFSC has been demonstrated to be unable to feed the global population and, furthermore, it generates negative ecological, environmental, logistical, and nutritional pressures. Thus, novel efficient food systems are required to respond to current environmental and consumers’ demands, as is the case of short food supply chain (SFSC). As a recently emerging food system, the evaluation of SFSC sustainability in terms of environmental, economic, and social assessment is yet to be determined. This review is focused on the evolution of food supply systems, starting from the Green Revolution to food supply chains, providing a significant perspective on sustainability.
- Challenges for future food systems: from the green revolution to food supply chains with a special focus on sustainabilityPublication . Soria‐Lopez, Anton; Garcia‐Perez, Pascual; Carpena, Maria; Garcia‐Oliveira, Paula; Otero, Paz; Fraga-Corral, Maria; Cao, Hui; Prieto Lage, Miguel A.; Simal‐Gandara, JesusFinding a food system to feed the growing worldwide population remains a challenge, especially in the current era, where natural resources are being dramatically depleted. From a historical point of view, the Green Revolution, together with biofortification and sustainable intensification, was established as a possible solution to counter hunger and malnutrition during the second half of the 20th century. As a solution, to overcome the limitations attributed to the Green Revolution, food supply chains were developed. The current food system, based on the long food supply chain (LFSC), is characterized by globalization, promoting several advantages for both producers and consumers. However, LFSC has been demonstrated to be unable to feed the global population and, furthermore, it generates negative ecological, environmental, logistical, and nutritional pressures. Thus, novel efficient food systems are required to respond to current environmental and consumers’ demands, as is the case of short food supply chain (SFSC). As a recently emerging food system, the evaluation of SFSC sustainability in terms of environmental, economic, and social assessment is yet to be determined. This review is focused on the evolution of food supply systems, starting from the Green Revolution to food supply chains, providing a significant perspective on sustainability.
- Challenges for future food systems: from the Green Revolution to food supply chains with a special focus on sustainabilityPublication . Soria-Lopez, Anton; Garcia-Perez, Pascual; Carpena, Maria; Garcia-Oliveira, Paula; Otero, Paz; Fraga-Corral, Maria; Cao, Hui; Prieto Lage, Miguel A.; Simal-Gandara, JesusFinding a food system to feed the growing worldwide population remains a challenge, especially in the current era, where natural resources are being dramatically depleted. From a historical point of view, the Green Revolution, together with biofortification and sustainable intensification, was established as a possible solution to counter hunger and malnutrition during the second half of the 20th century. As a solution, to overcome the limitations attributed to the Green Revolution, food supply chains were developed. The current food system, based on the long food supply chain (LFSC), is characterized by globalization, promoting several advantages for both producers and consumers. However, LFSC has been demonstrated to be unable to feed the global population and, furthermore, it generates negative ecological, environmental, logistical, and nutritional pressures. Thus, novel efficient food systems are required to respond to current environmental and consumers' demands, as is the case of short food supply chain (SFSC). As a recently emerging food system, the evaluation of SFSC sustainability in terms of environmental, economic, and social assessment is yet to be determined. This review is focused on the evolution of food supply systems, starting from the Green Revolution to food supply chains, providing a significant perspective on sustainability.
- Challenges for future food systems: from the Green Revolution to food supply chains with a special focus on sustainabilityPublication . Soria‐Lopez, Antón; Garcia‐Perez, Pascual; Carpena, Maria; Garcia‐Oliveira, Paula; Otero, Paz; Fraga‐Corral, Maria; Cao, Hui; Prieto Lage, Miguel A.; Simal‐Gandara, JesusFinding a food system to feed the growing worldwide population remains a challenge, especially in the current era, where natural resources are being dramatically depleted. From a historical point of view, the Green Revolution, together with biofortification and sustainable intensification, was established as a possible solution to counter hunger and malnutrition during the second half of the 20th century. As a solution, to overcome the limitations attributed to the Green Revolution, food supply chains were developed. The current food system, based on the long food supply chain (LFSC), is characterized by globalization, promoting several advantages for both producers and consumers. However, LFSC has been demonstrated to be unable to feed the global population and, furthermore, it generates negative ecological, environmental, logistical, and nutritional pressures. Thus, novel efficient food systems are required to respond to current environmental and consumers’ demands, as is the case of short food supply chain (SFSC). As a recently emerging food system, the evaluation of SFSC sustainability in terms of environmental, economic, and social assessment is yet to be determined. This review is focused on the evolution of food supply systems, starting from the Green Revolution to food supply chains, providing a significant perspective on sustainability.
- Natural antioxidants from marine sources and their application in foodsPublication . Silva, Aurora; Carpena, Maria; Grosso, Clara; Barciela, Paula; Pereira, Antía González; Cassani, Lucia; Barroso, Maria F.; Simal-Gandara, Jesus; Prieto Lage, Miguel A.This chapter provides an overview of recent studies assessing the antioxidant potential of marine organisms and their bioactive compounds to be incorporated into food products and supplements. Emphasis was given to marine flora, especially micro- and macroalgae and marine invertebrates, namely sponges, seagrasses, sea cucumbers, jellyfishes, crustaceans, and mollusks. The most relevant compounds such as vitamins A and C, polysaccharides, peptides and amino acids, phenolic compounds, and pigments (carotenoids and chlorophylls) were highlighted. Due to their biologically active compounds, these species have already been incorporated into food products available in the market like dairy products, yogurts, cookies, bread, pasta, and sausages, among others, creating a more sustainable and healthier alternative to synthetic preservatives and additives.
- Phytochemical diversity and biological activities of Hypericum japonicum and Hypericum sampsonii: potential for natural product-based food applicationsPublication . Barciela, Paula; Rodrigues, Daniele B.; Perez-Vazquez, Ana; Silveira, Tayse F. F. da; Pires, Tânia C.S.P.; Mandim, Filipa; Carpena, Maria; Pereira, Carla; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.; Barros, Lillian; Prieto, Miguel A.This study characterizes two species of the genus Hypericum to envisage their applicability as effective and versatile functional foods, dietary supplements, and food preservatives. A wide phenolic composition was found in both extracts, highlighting flanovoids for H. japonicum and xanthones for H. sampsonii. Moreover, anthocya- nins were analyzed for the first time in the latter plant. Antioxidant capacity was highlighted by oxidative he- molysis inhibition assay (OxHLIA), where H. japonicum was more effective (lower EC50) than antioxidant Trolox (16.3 < 21.8 μg/mL). H. sampsonii extract inhibited lipid peroxidation in the thiobarbituric acid reactive sub- stances (TBARS) method (EC50 = 17.05 μg/mL) compared to Trolox (EC50 = 5.8 μg/mL). H. japonicum anti- bacterial activity showed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.007 mg/mL, even lower than the control. These results indicate the bioactive potential of both extracts, as well as the importance of evaluating the food-related bioactive components of medicinal plants and the mechanisms involved in their bioactivities.
- Toxicity and safety of nutraceuticalsPublication . Barciela, Paula; Perez-Vazquez, Ana; Mansour, Sepidar; Donn, Pauline; Garcia-Perez, P.; Carpena, Maria; Fraga-Corral, Maria; Simal-Gandara, Jesus; Prieto Lage, Miguel A.Currently, consumers are more conscious about the importance of having a good diet and lifestyle; so the demand for products with potential health benefits has increased. Nutraceuticals can be classified according to different criteria. Based on their chemical structure, they can be divided into phenolic compounds, fatty acids and structural lipids, carbohydrates and amino-acids derivatives, minerals, and terpenoids derivatives. All these compounds are linked to different health benefits, such as antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity, prevention of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, or health bones maintenance. However, the potential positive impact of these compounds when incorporated in the human body is limited because of their bioavailability, which is mainly affected because of the hydrophobic properties of these compounds. In this way, different delivery systems were developed as suitable pathways for the bioavailability improvement of nutraceuticals. The most successful delivery systems to incorporate nutraceuticals include micro and nanoemulsions, micelles, nanoparticles, hydrogels, and solid-lipid nanoparticles. They achieved several improvements such as higher bioavailability, bioactivity maintenance, shelf-life improvement, or incorporation of the nutraceutical in a target system/organ. In this way, and considering the increasing demand for these products, the development of regulation is needed so that consumers' safety is assured, although any country has developed it yet. Thus, considering the increasing demand for these compounds, the aim of this study was to compile the available current data of nutraceuticals and also their safety concerns. © 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. All rights reserved.