Browsing by Author "Benhassen, Yosra"
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- Development of a functional beverage enriched with statins from natural matricesPublication . Benhassen, Yosra; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Heleno, Sandrina A.; Ichrak, CharfiDyslipidemia is a frequent clinical disorder that is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the common therapeutics is the use of statins, the first-line medications for treating lipid diseases. These compounds, which aroused to control and treat hypercholesterolemia and are known to be hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA) inhibitors, are usually well-tolerated, but in some cases, they can be associated with undesirableeffects, like myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, hepatotoxicity, and diabetes. In the last years, several natural molecules with bioactive potential have been isolated from natural matrices, which can be included hypocholesterolemic agents such as polysaccharides, sterols, and statin-like compounds. In this work, bio residues of the highly produced mushrooms Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus were explored for their richness in statin-like compounds and evaluated for their hypocholesterolemic activity. For this purpose the two mushrooms were subject to a preliminary extraction of statins by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) , and a HPLC-UV identification and quantification , the highest amount of statin was detected in Pleurotus ostreatus. Afterward an optimization of the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), through the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is made to maximize the yield in pravastatin, at the optimal points of pravastatin ,ergosterol was quantified in advantage by HPLC-UV . furthermore the most promising extract , was evaluated in term of toxicity using the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, yet the extract haven’t shown any toxicity to the two kind of cells , also the anti-inflammatory potential was tested . The extract was also tested for hypocholesterolemic activity in CaCo2 cells. Finally the statin like enriched extract incorporated in a milk based beverage (chocolate milkshake) where it was lyophilized and subjected to nutritional profiling .the final product have shown a crude fat content higher in the control than in the functional beverage with the extract , which probably related to the fat-lowering efficiency of the bioactive molecules present in the extract of pravastatin and ergosterol.
- Development of statin-like and ergosterol enriched extracts from mushrooms bioresiduesPublication . Ueda, Jonata Massao; Benhassen, Yosra; Carocho, Márcio; Barros, Lillian; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Heleno, Sandrina A.Although cholesterol is essential for the functioning of the human body, its excess is responsible for causing atherosclerosis, along with several other diseases that affect the bones, liver, hormones, and immune system1. As a natural solution, mushrooms are being studied for their ability to reduce cholesterol due to their richness in molecules capable of reducing both cholesterol absorption and synthesis2,3. Therefore, the present work investigated two mushrooms species (Agaricus bisporus L. and Pleurotus ostreatus L.), aiming at extracting the highest contents of statins and ergosterol. Ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) optimization was performed followed by quantification of ergosterol and statins of the extracts by HPLC-UV4,5, as well as the effect of the temperature on both extractions (with and without iced bath), since statins are described as sensitive to high temperatures. For A. bisporus, there was no significant differences in the concentration of ergosterol and pravastatin when applying ice bath during the UAE. For P. ostreatus, the ice bath resulted in a 6% decrease in the ergosterol concentration and a 35% increase in pravastatin content, suggesting that the best extraction method to obtain an extract rich in hypocholesterolemic compounds is a cold extraction. For optimization, the P. ostreatus extract revealed the highest amount of pravastatin and ergosterol (63.85 and 23.95 mg/g of extract, respectively), in which the best extraction conditions were 400 W of ultrasonic power, 4 minutes and 44 seconds of extraction time, and 15.2 g/L of solid:liquid ratio, using methanol as solvent, besides using an ultrasound extraction with ice bath.