Biblioteca Digital do IPB
Repositório de Publicações do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
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Can Scopus AI help to understand e-cigarette experimentation?
Publication . Ravara, Sofia; Cruz, Carla Dias Marques da; Cunha Filho, Hilson; Martins, Oliva M.D.
According to the most recent data from the 5th National Survey on the Consumption of Psychoactive Substances in the General Population, Portugal (SICAD, 2022), tobacco consumption remains relatively high. Consumption is lower among young people (15-24 years old) and in the older age groups, 65 and over. According to the same report, experimentation happens even earlier, around the age of 16, in both sexes. And 96 per cent report low motivation to quit. There is an upward trend in experimentation with new products (e-cigarettes and heated tobacco) among young people aged between 13 and 18 (Lavado and Calado, 2020; SICAD, 2023, preliminary data). The risk of addiction depends on several factors, especially the young age of experimentation and the intensity of use of nicotine-based products. Considering that there is safe and effective treatment for quitting, and with a view to counselling society in general, the Portuguese Society of Pneumonology has launched a campaign on the two leading social networks: Facebook and Instagram. Associated with World No Tobacco Day 2024, the campaign ran between 24/05/2024 and 31/05/2024 and reached 5140 people on Facebook and 18437 people on Instagram. The second campaign was associated with European Ex-Smokers' Day 2024, ran between 23/09/2024 and 28/09/2024, and reached 6102 people on Facebook and 11155 on Instagram. These results are considered insufficient. However, they may also represent a lack of interest in this type of information, especially for young people. With so much information, why are young people still experimenting? Aiming to understand the factors that lead young people to experiment with electronic cigarettes, a search was conducted using Scopus AI to explore the main articles indexed in this database. The objective is to identify variables, indicators, and respective relationships to find a model. In other words, to identify significant factors that can be used by social marketing to describe, explain, and predict desired behavior.
The relationship between perceived emotional competence and evidence-based nursing: a nationwide non-probabilistic cross-sectional studycclicense-by
Publication . Machado, Dora; Vilela, António Carlos Lopes; Almeida, Assunção; Brandão, Andreia; Brás, Manuel Alberto
Evidence-Based Nursing is imperative for high-quality care, but
its implementation continues to face the know-do gap. While organizational barriers are
often cited, the role of individual competencies, specifically Emotional Competence, in
facilitating adoption remains underexplored on a large scale. This study aimed to analyze
the association between perceived Emotional Competence, Evidence-Based Nursing adoption, and perceived attitudes and barriers in a nationwide sample of nurses registered with
the Portuguese Order of Nurses. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted using a non-probabilistic sample of 3014 nurses registered with
the Portuguese Order of Nurses. The Clinical Effectiveness and Evidence-Based Practice
Questionnaire, the Attitudes and Barriers Questionnaire, and the Emotional Competence
Questionnaire were administered. Data were analyzed using bivariate correlations and a
multivariable linear regression model. Results: Nurses reported high levels of perceived
Emotional Competence (M = 204.7; SD = 20.3). In the multivariable regression model, Emotional Competence remained robustly and independently associated with Evidence-Based
Nursing adoption (B = 0.315; p < 0.001), even after adjusting for sociodemographic and
professional covariates. The perception of organizational barriers (e.g., time, incentives) did
not correlate with adoption (rs = 0.011; p = 0.54). Conclusions: Perceived Emotional Competence is a significant and independent correlate of Evidence-Based Nursing adoption.
The results suggest that developing socio-emotional skills, including emotional regulation,
may be a relevant training target to support evidence implementation.
Reactive Materials and Solutions Towards Treatment and Reuse of Waters with Contaminants of Emerging Concern
Publication . Silva, Adriano S.; Roman, Fernanda F.; Silva, Ana P. F.; Díaz de Tuesta, Jose Luis; Kalmakhanova, Marzhan; Snow, D.; Gomes, Helder T.
Intense population growth has significantly impacted the quality and access to water, resulting in increased production and release of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), such as pharmaceutical compounds. Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) is a promising technology for the removal of CECs that relies on the use of solid catalysts to accelerate the reaction, its reactivity and stability depending greatly on the catalyst used. This work aims to compare three typically studied catalysts: a clay-based, a carbon-based and a hybrid material, consisting in carbon-shell metal nanoparticle structure. Hybrid catalysts combine the benefits of metal-based catalysts (high activity) and carbon-based catalysts (low leaching), indicating to be a suitable choice. However, it is highlighted that the development of proper soludons for treatment and reuse of waters must pass through detailed identification and quantification of CECs, allowing better catalyst evaluations under real scenario conditions.
Conhecimento e práticas de aleitamento materno entre mães e gestantes no centro de saúde da Camunda
Publication . Silva, Joaquina Manuel Rafael da; Cruz, Marillson Vladmir Rodrigues da; Galvão, Ana Maria; Azevedo, Ana
Segundo a Directora Nacional de Saúde
Pública, é necessário inverter o actual
cenário de baixas taxas de amamentação,
em benefício das crianças e mães.
Promover a prática do aleitamento
materno insere-se nos esforços de Angola
para a redução da mortalidade materna e
infantil. Sendo que o aleitamento materno
tem benefícios e pode ser uma estratégia
importante para melhorar os indicadores
de saúde. Estudo descritivo, de caracter
transversal prospectivo, de abordagem
qualitativa e quantitativa, para recolha de
dados usou-se um inquérito, através de
questionário e entrevista semiestruturada.
O estudo mostrou que de entre as
gestantes que afirmam possuir
conhecimento sobre o aleitamento e o
período ideal para o aleitamento materno
exclusivo, uma parcela maioritária (25%)
concorda que o intervalo ideal para o
aleitamento materno exclusivo se estende
Insect-based food: what is Brazilians' perception?
Publication . Martins, Oliva M.D.; Bastos, Adriana de Fatima Valente; Beck, Ceres Grehs; Bucea-Manea-Țoniș, Rocsana
The current world population is expected to grow by fifty percent over the next few years. From this perspective, food supply and sustainability will be worldwide challenges. To identify alternative ways of feeding animals and humans, one solution is the introduction of edible insects, which are considered a viable and sustainable option. In recent years, the consumption of insects - or entomophagy - has become of increasing interest amongst scientists and ecologists as a potential and environmental source of animal protein and as a solution to reduce the worldwide problem of malnutrition. Furthermore, insects can be mass-produced with significantly lower use of land, water, fertilizers, pesticides, feed, energy, and other resources. However, in many western countries insects do not belong to traditional diet, and adopting them requires overcoming behavioral and cultural barriers, such as food neophobia and disgusting. Based on the premise that intention precedes behavior and perception significantly impacts intention, this study aimed to evaluate the factors influencing the willingness to try insect-based foods in countries where insects are not traditionally consumed, such as Brazil. The objective is to understand how to help people to change culturally ingrained eating habits, and encourage them to try insect-based foods. Based on an exploratory methodology, an online survey (n=347) was conducted to examine the key factors influencing Brazilian consumers' intention to try insect-based foods. The questionnaire's authenticity, internal consistency, and construct validity were established based on previously validated surveys conducted in Europe and adapted for the Brazilian context. Social beliefs were viewed as social pressure, whereas intention was understood as a committed choice. Several factors influence consumers' perceptions, including visual appeals, available information, familiarity with the food, and food preparation methods. Aiming to evaluate the data collected, a structured modelling equation analysis was applied and set out to assess the importance of perception in decision-making. In essence, visual issues have the biggest impact on perception, as well as the presentation of food aspects are an important indicator. In other words, the results emphasized the importance of consumer’s perception in the willingness to try insect-based foods.
However, the main question remains: what strategies can help individuals challenge culturally ingrained eating habits and encourage them to try and even adopt insect-based foods? Among the various results, this research reinforces the perception, which has a huge influence on intention, as well as individual and social beliefs. In this sense, Social Marketing strategies are recommended as an asset for changing behaviours that benefit the individual, society, and the environment.