Biblioteca Digital do IPB
Repositório de Publicações do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
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The dark side of technology when addressing overtourism: A critical overview
Publication . Martins, Marco; Guerra, Ricardo Jorge da Costa; Santos, Lara; Lopes, Luisa; Dias, Ana Rita; Tarsi, E.
This chapter aims to provide an overview on the relationship between overtourism and technology, shedding light on the perverse effects of technology when addressing overtourism. An exploratory study was adopted because one should move away from the formal testing of hypotheses and attempt to analyse the key issues around the core concepts we are concerned with, i.e., the dark side of technology when addressing overtourism and its links to theory. The aim of this chapter is, therefore, to take a broader look at this thematic, and thus broaden the discussion around this topic. Results point out the fact that, although technology can be used to better manage overtourism, it is also linked to fashion trends, and several tourism destinations find themselves promptly overbooked in result. The originality of this chapter lies in the fact that unlike other studies, this research focuses on uncovering the dark side of technology, which has generally been promoted as the ideal tool to mitigate the impacts of overtourism. This critical overview might help both scholars and practitioners to reflect on and/or rethink how technology is really helping the destinations to overcome the challenges that come with overtourism.
The effect of self-confidence in the relationship between influencer marketing and willingness to buy
Publication . Venciute, Dominyka; Correia, Ricardo; Kudzmanaite, Agne; Kuslys, Marius
Over the last years, influencer marketing has become one of the most important tools for companies and brands to increase awareness, sales, or strengthen their image. Influencers, whether associated or not to brands, have the power to influence consumer behaviour. But how does this influence happen? And are all customers influenced in the same way? This research aims to answer these questions and clarify the relationship between influencer marketing and consumer behaviour. Specifically, we study the impact that intention to engage, propensity to trust and perceived value has on willingness to buy regarding influencers’ posted content. The findings also reveal that for people with higher self-confidence the impact of perceived value of an influencer’s posted content and willingness to buy is higher. The study provides managerial insights that may be beneficial for marketing practitioners to adjust their influencer marketing strategy.
Machine learning models for crude protein prediction in Tamani grass pastures
Publication . Monteiro, Gabriela Oliveira de Aquino; Difante, Gelson dos Santos; Montagner, Denise Baptaglin; Euclides, Valéria Pacheco Batista; Castro, Marina; Rodrigues, Jéssica Gomes; Pereira, Marislayne de Gusmão; Santana, Juliana Caroline Santos; Itavo, Luis Carlos Vinhas; Nantes, Rafael Torres; Campos, Jecelen Adriane; Costa, Anderson Bessa da; Matsubara, Edson Takashi
Understanding forage quality is essential for meeting animal demands and optimizing production. This study aimed to: (i) test the applicability of machine learning models with tabular data such as climate variables, light interception (LI), nitrogen dose (N dose), interval between grazing (GI), and pre- (HPRE) and post-grazing height (HPOST) to predict leaf crude protein (CP) content of tamani grass pastures; (ii) identify which variables contribute most to CP prediction. A set of 90 instances was used with 80% for training and validation and 20% for testing. The hyperparameters were adjusted with grid-search on the training set. We tested Linear Regression (LR), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Decision Trees(DT), Random Forest (RF), and XGBoost. The MLP (r=0.75, R2 =44.18%, MAE=1.55), RF (r=0.78, R2 =49.07%, MAE=1.59) and XGBoost (r=0.78, R2 =56.65% MAE=1.45) models presented the best prediction results (p<0.001). The variables most important in predicting CP content were GI, followed by N dose, HPRE and HPOST. XGBoost outperformed other tested models (p<0.001). Tabular data, including N dose, GI, HPRE, HPOST, LI, and climatic variables, is a viable alternative for predicting CP. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that management practices may have a greater influence on the chemical composition of Tamani grass than environmental conditions, although further research with larger and more diverse datasets is needed to confirm these findings.
Estudio clínico-epidemiológico de la población de Bragança con sospecha de alergia al polen y a la espora fúngica Alternaria alternata
Publication . Ferrage, Erica Vanessa Reis; Fraga, José; Feliciano, Manuel; Sánchez-Reyes, Estefanía
La exposición al polen y a las esporas fúngicas constituye un factor ambiental crítico en la fisiopatología de las enfermedades respiratorias alérgicas, cuya prevalencia ha ido aumentando en entornos urbanos, caracterizados por condiciones ecológicas favorables. En este contexto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar, desde el punto de vista clínico y epidemiológico, a la población de Bragança con sospecha de alergia al polen y a Alternaria alternata. Se trata de un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo, basado en el análisis de 100 historias clínicas, con datos obtenidos mediante cuestionarios estructurados y pruebas cutáneas por punción (prick-test) con trece extractos alergénicos: doce polínicos y uno específico de Alternaria alternata. La muestra estuvo compuesta mayoritariamente por individuos de género femenino (53 %), con edad media de 23,9 ± 15,3 años, predominando residentes en zonas urbanas (86 %). El 42 % tenía animales de compañía, el 37 % presentaba exposición al tabaco y el 19 % vivía en viviendas con moqueta. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron rinitis alérgica (99 %), rinoconjuntivitis (97 %), eccema (45 %) y sibilancias (44 %). Se observó polisensibilización en el 97 % de los participantes, con sensibilizaciones dirigidas a mezclas de gramíneas silvestres (96 %), gramíneas cultivadas (82 %), Olea europaea L. (80 %), mezclas de hierbas (78 %), Plantago lanceolata L. (75 %) y Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. (8 %). Estas evidencias permiten concluir un patrón de sensibilización compatible con alergias respiratorias en la población de Bragança.
Use of data from the advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) for the study of the urban heat island (UHI) in Bragança (Portugal) (2000-2023)
Publication . Almeida, Cátia Rodrigues de; Alírio, João; Gonçalves, Artur; Teodoro, Ana Cláudia M.; Ulrich Michel
The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect refers to the temperature difference between urban and surrounding rural areas, with higher temperatures in urban areas, especially after sunset. The Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI), a proxy for UHI, can be evaluated using Remote Sensing (RS) data by calculating the Land Surface Temperature (LST). Bragança (Portugal) has an in situ network, with 23 sensors installed in 2011, classified into seven different Local Climate Zones (LCZs), to measure Air Temperature (Tair). The primary objectives of this study were to: i) calculate the LST using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data available on Google Earth Engine (GEE) from 2000-2023 at these 23 points, divided into spring/summer (a); and autumn/winter (b); ii) calculate and analyze the Intensity of SUHI (SUHIint) (2000-2023), using LST, based on the temperature difference recorded at each sensor compared to the average temperature at the Rural Areas (RCD) sensors, and evaluate the thermal behavior in the LCZs; iii) calculate the UHI (UHIint), using Tair data; and iv) correlate SUHIint and UHIint (2011-2023). As a result, 17 images from (a) and four from (b) were processed, and the highest LST medians were associated with classes featuring anthropogenic elements in both, with (a) being more heterogeneous. Comparisons between SUHIint and UHIint, were obtained in 13 days, only from (a). The highest median temperature values were in anthropogenic classes. The correlation between SUHIint and UHIint was "strong" (74%) and "very strong" (26%), confirming their similarity in thermal behaviour.