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Abstract(s)
Esta tese de Mestrado em Tecnologia Biomédica, de natureza essencialmente experimental, foi desenvolvida no Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), no Laboratório de Prótese Dentária LIBLAB e no Brigantia EcoPark, ambos em Bragança.
O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os benefícios, as vantagens e desvantagens das guias fabricadas por fabrico aditivo do Brigantia EcoPark e a guia convencional, fabricado no Laboratório de Prótese Dentária LIBLAB, de forma a tornar menos traumáticos e mais previsíveis os procedimentos cirúrgicos para reabilitações protéticas. Entre as vantagens observadas, salienta-se a facilidade do planeamento, exatidão na colocação do implante e redução do tempo de trabalho.
A cirurgia guiada tem sido uma técnica muito eficaz na reabilitação oral com implantes, trazendo grandes vantagens tanto para o médico dentista como para o paciente e, neste sentido, pretende-se, com a revisão da literatura, identificar os aspetos atuais da cirurgia guiada para implantodontia, sendo relatado um caso clínico de reabilitação de uma mandíbula parcialmente edêntula, comparando o método convencional e o método através de fabrico aditivo.
A guia cirúrgica pode ser confecionada de duas maneiras: através do modelo de gesso (obtido através de moldagem com alginato, com reprodução dos dentes e dos tecidos moles) ou a partir de um modelo 3D. Para obtenção do modelo 3D inicialmente fez-se a aquisição de imagens médicas bidimensionais através da TC (Tomografia Computorizada), transformando essas projeções 2D em modelos 3D, sendo estes modelos tratados por dois software: software de reconstrução 3D (MIMICS®) e software de desenho de prótese (3-Matic®). O modelo 3D, chamado de biomodelo, foi obtido por fabrico aditivo – PolyJet.
Não foi possível retirar uma comparação relativamente ao objetivo inicialmente proposto, na prática, uma vez que a impressão 3D do guia cirúrgico fabricado por fabrico aditivo não foi o previsto, porque existiram erros que danificaram o biomodelo e que podem ter ocorrido devido à má exportação do modelo para arquivo STL, sendo que a malha pode ter sido danificada, ou também pela má execução no software 3-Matic®, que pode provocar, por exemplo, malha com buracos, arestas soltas, falta de faces, entre outros danos.
Porém, através da pesquisa bibliográfica, chegou-se à conclusão que o melhor método a implementar será através do fabrico aditivo pois permite transferir o planeamento virtual para o ato cirúrgico com excelência, reduzindo o tempo da cirurgia, proporcionando menor desconforto e dor e diminuindo o índice de insucesso.
This project of master’s degree in Biomedical Technology, which is, essentially, experimental, was developed at the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), the LIBLAB Dental Prosthesis Laboratory and the Brigantia EcoPark, all of them located in Bragança. The main objective of this study was to describe the benefits, advantages and disadvantages of biomodels utilization, manufactured in the Brigantia EcoPark and the conventional model, manufactured in the LIBLAB Dental Prosthesis Laboratory, in order to make surgical procedures less traumatic and more predictable in prosthetic rehabilitations. Among the advantages observed, it is worth noting the easiest way of planning, the implant placement accuracy and the working time reduction. The guided surgery has been a very effective technique in oral rehabilitation with implants, bringing great benefits to both the dentist and the patient. Along this thesis was perfomed a literature review, addressing the current aspects of guided surgery for implantology and reported a clinical case of rehabilitation on a partially edentulous mandible, using the traditional method versus the additive manufactured method. The surgical guide might be made in two ways: through the claymodel (obtained through impression with alginate, with reproduction of teeth and tissues) or from a 3D model. To obtain the 3D model, we initially acquired two-dimensional medical images through CT (Computerized Tomography), transforming these 2D projections into 3D models, who were treated by two software: 3D reconstruction software (MIMICS®) and prosthesis design software (3-Matic®). The 3D model, called the biomodel, was obtained by additive manufacturing PolyJet. It was not possible to withdraw a comparison for the purpose original objective, in practice, since the 3D printing of the additive manufactured surgical guide was not what was expected, once there were errors that have damaged the biomodel and that could have been due to poor export of the model to the STL file, a damaged mesh or, as well, to a poor implementation in software 3-Matic® mesh with holes, loose edges, lack of faces, among other damages. However, through the bibliographical research, it was concluded that the best method to implement is the additive manufacturing, since it is capable of transferring the virtual planning for the surgical procedures with excellence, reducing the time of the surgery, providing less discomfort, pain and decreasing the rate of failure.
This project of master’s degree in Biomedical Technology, which is, essentially, experimental, was developed at the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), the LIBLAB Dental Prosthesis Laboratory and the Brigantia EcoPark, all of them located in Bragança. The main objective of this study was to describe the benefits, advantages and disadvantages of biomodels utilization, manufactured in the Brigantia EcoPark and the conventional model, manufactured in the LIBLAB Dental Prosthesis Laboratory, in order to make surgical procedures less traumatic and more predictable in prosthetic rehabilitations. Among the advantages observed, it is worth noting the easiest way of planning, the implant placement accuracy and the working time reduction. The guided surgery has been a very effective technique in oral rehabilitation with implants, bringing great benefits to both the dentist and the patient. Along this thesis was perfomed a literature review, addressing the current aspects of guided surgery for implantology and reported a clinical case of rehabilitation on a partially edentulous mandible, using the traditional method versus the additive manufactured method. The surgical guide might be made in two ways: through the claymodel (obtained through impression with alginate, with reproduction of teeth and tissues) or from a 3D model. To obtain the 3D model, we initially acquired two-dimensional medical images through CT (Computerized Tomography), transforming these 2D projections into 3D models, who were treated by two software: 3D reconstruction software (MIMICS®) and prosthesis design software (3-Matic®). The 3D model, called the biomodel, was obtained by additive manufacturing PolyJet. It was not possible to withdraw a comparison for the purpose original objective, in practice, since the 3D printing of the additive manufactured surgical guide was not what was expected, once there were errors that have damaged the biomodel and that could have been due to poor export of the model to the STL file, a damaged mesh or, as well, to a poor implementation in software 3-Matic® mesh with holes, loose edges, lack of faces, among other damages. However, through the bibliographical research, it was concluded that the best method to implement is the additive manufacturing, since it is capable of transferring the virtual planning for the surgical procedures with excellence, reducing the time of the surgery, providing less discomfort, pain and decreasing the rate of failure.
Description
Keywords
Fabrico aditivo Método convencional Cirurgia guiada MIMICS® 3-Matic®