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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: as doenças cardiovasculares são a principal causa de morte em todo o
mundo, independentemente do nível económico do país.
Objetivo: descrever o ritmo circadiano do Enfarte Agudo do Miocárdio em doentes
admitidos no serviço de urgência da unidade hospitalar de Bragança no período de 2015
a 2016 e analisar a influência de alguns fatores de risco cardiovascular.
Metodologia: estudo transversal retrospetivo. Estudaram-se 50 doentes admitidos no
Serviço de Urgência Médico Cirúrgica de Bragança da Unidade Local de Saúde do
Nordeste, a quem foi diagnosticado Enfarte Agudo do Miocárdio, nos anos de 2015 e
2016. A recolha de dados decorreu durante o mês de março de 2017 e foi realizada através
dos registos do processo clínico do doente, fornecidos pelo diretor de serviço
anonimamente. Foi elaborada uma grelha onde foram inseridos os dados selecionados
para o estudo, tais como idade, sexo, residência, fatores de risco cardiovasculares,
comorbilidades, hora de início dos sintomas de Enfarte Agudo do Miocárdio e hora de
entrada no Serviço de Urgência. Foram respeitados os princípios da Declaração de
Helsínquia e obtida autorização da Instituição para realizar o estudo.
Resultados: dos 50 doentes estudados 52% eram do sexo masculino e a faixa etária com
maior frequência foi dos 80 aos 89 anos (38%), com uma média de idade de 79,64 anos
variando entre os 41 e os 101 anos de idade. Os fatores de risco cardiovasculares
predominantes foram a hipertensão arterial em 72% dos doentes, a dislipidémia em 54%,
a diabetes em 46% e a obesidade em 20%. As comorbilidades mais frequentes foram os
problemas cardiovasculares (60%). O início da sintomatologia do enfarte agudo do
miocárdio ocorreu maioritariamente entre as 6 e as 12 horas. A hora média de início dos
sintomas dos doentes foi às 10 horas e 1 minuto. A dislipidemia apresentou relação
positiva estatisticamente significativa com a hora de inicio da sintomatologia de Enfarte
Agudo do Miocárdio.
Em média, os doentes deste estudo demoraram 4 horas e 22 minutos entre o início da
sintomatologia e a admissão no serviço de urgência. A taxa de mortalidade dos doentes
estudados foi de 34%.
Conclusão: dos doentes estudados 64% apresentaram início da sintomatologia no período
matutino, isto é, entre as 0 e as 12 horas, com maior incidência entre as 6 e as 12 horas.
Sugerimos a realização de outros estudos com amostras maiores, onde seja possível
determinar outras associações e a sensibilização da população para a identificação
precoce dos sinais de alerta e o recurso imediato ao serviço de urgência.
Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of death worldwide, regardless the economic level of the country. Objective: to describe the presence of the circadian rhythm of acute myocardial infarction in patients admitted to the emergency department of the hospital unit of Bragança from 2015 to 2016 and to analyze the influence of some cardiovascular risk factors. Methodology: retrospective cross-sectional study. Fifty patients admitted to the Emergency Medical Service of Bragança of the Unidade Local de Saúde do Nordeste Transmontano, who were diagnosed with acute Myocardial Infarction, in the years of 2015 and 2016, were studied. The data collection took place during the month of March 2017 and was performed through the patient's clinical process records, provided by the service director anonymously. A grid was created where the data selected for the study were inserted, such as age, sex, residence, cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities, time of onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction and time of entry into the Emergency Department. The principles of the Helsinki Declaration have been respected and the Institution has authorized to carry out the study. Results: Of the 50 patients studied, 52% were male and the most frequent age group was 80 to 89 years (38%), with a mean age of 79.64 years and ranging from 41 to 101 years of age. The predominant cardiovascular risk factors were hypertension in 72% of patients, dyslipidemia in 54%, diabetes in 46% and obesity in 20%. The most frequent comorbidities were cardiovascular problems (60%). The onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction occurred mostly between 6 and 12 hours. The mean time of onset of the patient's symptoms was at 10 hours and 1 minute. The dyslipidemia presented a statistically significant positive relation with the time of onset of the Symptomatology of Acute Myocardial Infarction. On average, patients in this study took 4 hours and 22 minutes between symptom onset and admission to the emergency department. The mortality rate of the studied patients was 34%. Conclusion: Of the patients studied, 64% presented symptoms’ onset in the morning, that is, between 0 and 12 hours, with a higher incidence between 6 and 12 hours. We suggest further studies with larger samples where it is possible to determine other associations and the sensitization of the population for the early identification of the warning signs and the immediate recourse to the emergency department.
Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of death worldwide, regardless the economic level of the country. Objective: to describe the presence of the circadian rhythm of acute myocardial infarction in patients admitted to the emergency department of the hospital unit of Bragança from 2015 to 2016 and to analyze the influence of some cardiovascular risk factors. Methodology: retrospective cross-sectional study. Fifty patients admitted to the Emergency Medical Service of Bragança of the Unidade Local de Saúde do Nordeste Transmontano, who were diagnosed with acute Myocardial Infarction, in the years of 2015 and 2016, were studied. The data collection took place during the month of March 2017 and was performed through the patient's clinical process records, provided by the service director anonymously. A grid was created where the data selected for the study were inserted, such as age, sex, residence, cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities, time of onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction and time of entry into the Emergency Department. The principles of the Helsinki Declaration have been respected and the Institution has authorized to carry out the study. Results: Of the 50 patients studied, 52% were male and the most frequent age group was 80 to 89 years (38%), with a mean age of 79.64 years and ranging from 41 to 101 years of age. The predominant cardiovascular risk factors were hypertension in 72% of patients, dyslipidemia in 54%, diabetes in 46% and obesity in 20%. The most frequent comorbidities were cardiovascular problems (60%). The onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction occurred mostly between 6 and 12 hours. The mean time of onset of the patient's symptoms was at 10 hours and 1 minute. The dyslipidemia presented a statistically significant positive relation with the time of onset of the Symptomatology of Acute Myocardial Infarction. On average, patients in this study took 4 hours and 22 minutes between symptom onset and admission to the emergency department. The mortality rate of the studied patients was 34%. Conclusion: Of the patients studied, 64% presented symptoms’ onset in the morning, that is, between 0 and 12 hours, with a higher incidence between 6 and 12 hours. We suggest further studies with larger samples where it is possible to determine other associations and the sensitization of the population for the early identification of the warning signs and the immediate recourse to the emergency department.
Description
Keywords
Infarto do miocárdio Ritmo circadiano Fatores de risco Serviço de urgência