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Publication
Desenvolvimento metodológico de uma matriz de classificação ambiental de edifícios no âmbito de green discount em empréstimos hipotecários em Portugal
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| 3.42 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
O setor da Arquitetura, Engenharia e Construção (AEC) está entre os setores que provocam maior impacto ambiental, social e económico, o que torna a sustentabilidade um assunto central. Nesse contexto, este estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver as primeiras etapas de uma matriz de classificação ambiental de edifícios, que seja capaz de atribuir uma classificação ao nível de sustentabilidade ambiental dos imóveis ao definir critérios com base nas exigências da Taxonomia Europeia e nas principais certificações ambientais vigentes. Elaborada para contribuir para a definição de critérios para a atribuição de green loans (empréstimos verdes) em Portugal, a matriz responde à necessidade de ferramentas que promovam financiamentos alinhados com os princípios do desenvolvimento sustentável.
A mais-valia apresentada por este estudo é a análise abrangente, integradora e com caráter inovador utilizada para a elaboração dessa matriz. Foram analisadas certificações ambientais internacionais (BREEAM e LEED), nacionais (LiderA, SBToolPT-H, CasaEficiente 2020 e Projeto High Value), exigências europeias (Level(S)), e diretrizes do mercado imobiliário (RICS e TEGoVA). Utilizando a Análise de Pareto, foram definidos 5 critérios principais e 29 subcritérios. Além disso, foi elaborado também um inquérito direcionado a stakeholders do mercado financeiro e definida uma metodologia para validar e avaliar os fatores definidos. Embora a aplicação direta dos inquéritos junto aos stakeholders não tenha sido possível no âmbito desta investigação, sua implementação ocorrerá em estudos futuros, se possível em articulação com instituições como a APB (Associação Portuguesa de Bancos) e as entidades bancárias portuguesas.
A limitação de aplicação dos inquéritos, aliada à análise do cenário atual do mercado financeiro português, evidenciou a falta de priorização de práticas alinhadas com o desenvolvimento sustentável no financiamento verde e, por conseguinte, na concessão de crédito habitação. Apesar disso, os critérios e a metodologia definidos neste estudo oferecem uma base sólida para o desenvolvimento futuro de ferramentas de apoio às instituições financeiras para financiamentos sustentáveis.
The Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) sector is one of the industries with the greatest environmental, social, and economic impact, making sustainability a central concern. In this context, this study aims to develop the initial stages of a matrix for the environmental classification of buildings, designed to assess the environmental sustainability of properties. The classification criteria are based on the requirements of the European Taxonomy and the main environmental certifications currently in force. Designed to help define criteria for granting green loans in Portugal, the matrix responds to the need for tools that promote financing in line with the principles of sustainable development. The added value of this study is the comprehensive, integrative, and innovative analysis used to draw up this matrix. International environmental certifications (BREEAM and LEED), national certifications (LiderA, SBToolPT-H, CasaEficiente 2020, and High-Value Project), European requirements (Level(S)), and real estate market guidelines (RICS and TEGoVA) were analyzed. Using Pareto Analysis, 5 main criteria and 29 sub-criteria were defined. In addition, a survey was drawn up for financial market stakeholders, and a methodology was established to validate and evaluate the factors. Although the direct application of the survey to stakeholders was not possible within the scope of this research. This will ideally be implemented in future studies in collaboration with institutions such as the APB (Portuguese Banking Association) and Portuguese banking entities. The limited application of the surveys, combined with the analysis of the current scenario of the Portuguese financial market, highlighted the lack of prioritization of practices aligned with sustainable development in green financing and, consequently, in granting housing loans. Despite this, the criteria and methodology defined in this study provide a solid basis for the future development of tools to support financial institutions in sustainable financing.
The Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) sector is one of the industries with the greatest environmental, social, and economic impact, making sustainability a central concern. In this context, this study aims to develop the initial stages of a matrix for the environmental classification of buildings, designed to assess the environmental sustainability of properties. The classification criteria are based on the requirements of the European Taxonomy and the main environmental certifications currently in force. Designed to help define criteria for granting green loans in Portugal, the matrix responds to the need for tools that promote financing in line with the principles of sustainable development. The added value of this study is the comprehensive, integrative, and innovative analysis used to draw up this matrix. International environmental certifications (BREEAM and LEED), national certifications (LiderA, SBToolPT-H, CasaEficiente 2020, and High-Value Project), European requirements (Level(S)), and real estate market guidelines (RICS and TEGoVA) were analyzed. Using Pareto Analysis, 5 main criteria and 29 sub-criteria were defined. In addition, a survey was drawn up for financial market stakeholders, and a methodology was established to validate and evaluate the factors. Although the direct application of the survey to stakeholders was not possible within the scope of this research. This will ideally be implemented in future studies in collaboration with institutions such as the APB (Portuguese Banking Association) and Portuguese banking entities. The limited application of the surveys, combined with the analysis of the current scenario of the Portuguese financial market, highlighted the lack of prioritization of practices aligned with sustainable development in green financing and, consequently, in granting housing loans. Despite this, the criteria and methodology defined in this study provide a solid basis for the future development of tools to support financial institutions in sustainable financing.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Financiamento sustentável Taxonomia europeia Certificação ambiental de edifícios Crédito habitação verde