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Pine Nutshells and Their Biochars as Sources of Chemicals, Fuels, Activated Carbons, and Electrode Materials

2024Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorŞen, Ali Umut
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, João F.G.
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Daiana
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Ângela
dc.contributor.authorGonçalves, Margarida
dc.contributor.authorMartins, Marta
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Diogo M.F.
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Helena
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-16T08:56:37Z
dc.date.available2024-10-16T08:56:37Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractPine nutshells (PNSs) are lignocellulosic waste materials with limited use in domestic heating. However, a biorefinery approach may be applied to fractionate PNSs and produce chemicals, materials, and improved solid fuels. In this study, we fractionated PNSs and produced antioxidant extracts, lignins, polysaccharides, chars, and activated carbons and analyzed their potential applications. Pyrolytic kinetic modeling as an alternative method to chemical fractionation was also tested. The results showed that the PNS contains low amounts of extracts with weak thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) antioxidant properties, while its lignin content is remarkable (50.5%). Pyrolytic kinetic modeling was comparable to wet chemical analysis for estimating lignin yield. Moderate-temperature pyrolysis of the PNS resulted in a 23% char yield. The PNS chars showed improved fuel characteristics, retained 36% water, and leached 151 mg/L potassium into the water. The steam activation of PNS biochars at 750 ◦C resulted in oxygen-enriched activated carbons with specific surface areas up to 467 m2/g. The overall results indicate promising biochar applications of the PNS for soil amendment and supercapacitor uses.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipU.S, en acknowledges support from the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) through a research contract (DL 57/2016). The authors are grateful to the FCT for its financial support through national funds to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDB/00690/2020) and UIDP/00690/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDP/00690/2020)), SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/ LA/P/0007/2020)), and CEF (UIDB/00239/2020 and UIDP/00239/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDB/00239/ 2020 andDOI: 10.54499/UIDP/00239/2020)). The contract ofÂ. Fernandes (DOI: 10.54499/CEECINST/ 00016/2018/CP1505/CT0008) was funded by the FCT through the institutional scientific employment program. FCT is also acknowledged for funding a research contract in the scope of programmatic funding UIDP/04540/2020 (D.M.F.S.).pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationȘen, Umut; Rodrigues, João F. G.; Almeida, Daiana; Fernandes, Ângela; Gonçalves, Margarida; Martins, Marta; Santos, Diogo M. F.; Pereira, Helena (2024). Pine Nutshells and Their Biochars as Sources of Chemicals, Fuels, Activated Carbons, and Electrode Materials. ISSN 2227-9717. 12:8, p. 1-18pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/pr12081603pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn2227-9717
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/30429
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherMDPIpt_PT
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions
dc.relationForest Research Centre
dc.relationForest Research Centre
dc.relationNot Available
dc.relationCenter of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectNutshellpt_PT
dc.subjectTBARSpt_PT
dc.subjectKinetic analysispt_PT
dc.subjectBiocharpt_PT
dc.subjectActivated carbonpt_PT
dc.subjectElectrochemical propertiespt_PT
dc.titlePine Nutshells and Their Biochars as Sources of Chemicals, Fuels, Activated Carbons, and Electrode Materialspt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions
oaire.awardTitleForest Research Centre
oaire.awardTitleForest Research Centre
oaire.awardTitleNot Available
oaire.awardTitleCenter of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00690%2F2020/PT
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oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00239%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/CEEC INST 2018/CEECINST%2F00016%2F2018%2FCP1505%2FCT0008/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F04540%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.endPage18pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue8pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage1pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleProcessespt_PT
oaire.citation.volume12pt_PT
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStreamCEEC INST 2018
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
person.familyNameAlmeida
person.familyNameFernandes
person.givenNameDaiana
person.givenNameÂngela
person.identifier.ciencia-id981B-A49F-B535
person.identifier.ciencia-id2015-0434-AE7C
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-6511-3626
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-0157-9873
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
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project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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