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Microbial community of olives and its potential for biological control of olive anthracnose

datacite.subject.fosCiências Agrárias::Biotecnologia Agrária e Alimentarpt_PT
dc.contributor.advisorBaptista, Paula
dc.contributor.advisorPereira, J.A.
dc.contributor.authorPreto, Gilda Conceição Raposo
dc.date.accessioned2017-01-20T11:32:28Z
dc.date.available2017-01-20T11:32:28Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractOlive anthracnose is an important fruit disease in olive crop worldwide and no effective method is currently available for their control. Fruit-associated microorganisms may be explored for designing new strategies for the biological control of this disease. The main aim of this work was to assess the diversity of fungal endophytes and epiphytes inhabiting olive fruits of two cultivars with different susceptibilities to olive anthracnose, and select the strains with the greatest antagonistic effect against Colletotrichum acutatum, the main causal agent of this disease. Culture-dependent method was used to assess fungal diversity in olives from cvs. Madural (susceptible) and Verdeal Transmontana (moderately tolerant), and the isolates obtained were identified for molecular identificantion using internal transcribed spacer (ITS1, 5.8, ITS2) region of the rDNA. The in vitro effect of the isolates against C. acutatum was analysed by the dual-culture method. Results revealed that only endophytic fungal communities composition differ significantly between cultivars. Cultivar Madural was distinguished by the higher abundance of Gibberella spp. whereas cv. Verdeal Transmontana was characterized by the exclusive occurrence of Neofabraea vagabunda. Although epiphytic community of both cultivars overlapped, several fungal genera preferred either olives from cv. Madural (e.g. Chaetomium) or from cv. Verdeal Transmontana (e.g. Cytospora, Epicoccum and Quambalaria). All the seven fungal tested were able to inhibited C. acutatum growth (inhibition coefficients up to 30.9), and caused morphological changes in its hyphae. Some fungi also inhibited significantly C. acutatum sporulation (from 46-86%) and germination (from 21-74%). Altogether, the results offer new insights into plant-microbe-microbe interactions and highlighted the potential use of these antagonistic fungi in the biocontrol of olive anthracnose.pt_PT
dc.description.abstractA antracnose da oliveira é uma doença com grande importância a nível mundial, e não existe nenhum método eficaz para o seu controle. Os microrganismos existentes nas azeitonas podem ser explorados na tentativa de encontrar novas estratégias de luta biológica contra esta doença. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a diversidade de fungos endofíticos e epifiticos existentes nas azeitonas de duas cultivares com diferentes suscetibilidades à antracnose, e selecionar os isolados que apresentam maior atividade antagonista contra o Colletotrichum acutatum, principal agente causal desta doença. A diversidade de fungos nas azeitonas das cultivares Madural (suscetível) e Verdeal Transmontana (moderadamente tolerante) foi avaliada através da obtenção de isolados em meio de cultura, seguida pela sua identificação molecular através da sequenciação da região ITS (ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2) do rDNA. A atividade antagonista dos isolados contra C. acutatum foi avaliada usando o método de co-cultura. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que apenas a composição da comunidade de fungos endofíticos diferiu significativamente entre as cultivares. A cv. Madural caracterizou-se pela elevada abundância de Gibberella spp., enquanto a cv. Verdeal Transmontana destacou-se pela ocorrência exclusiva de Neofabraea vagabunda. Apesar da composição de fungos epifíticos ser similar entre as cultivares, verificou-se que alguns géneros de fungos ocorriam exclusivamente na cv. Madural (Chaetomium) ou na cv. Verdeal Transmontana (Cytospora, Epicoccum e Quambalaria). Os sete fungos testados foram capazes de inibir o crescimento de C. acutatum (coeficiente de inibição superiores a 30,9), e causar alterações morfológicas nas suas hifas. Alguns fungos ainda inibiram significativamente a esporulação (46-86%) e germinação (21-74%) de C. acutatum. Os resultados contribuíram para um melhor conhecimento das interações planta-microrganismo-microrganismo, e evidenciam o potencial uso destes fungos como antagonistas na luta biológica da antracnose da oliveira.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded by National Funds through FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology under the project "Olive crop protection in sustainable production under global climatic changes: linking ecological infrastructures to ecosystem functions" (EXCL/AGR-PRO/0591/2012) and "EndoBio - Isolation and selection of endophytic fungi from olive tree for the biological control of Colletotrichum acutatum and Verticillium dahliae" (PTDC/AGR-PRO/4354/2012).pt_PT
dc.identifier.tid201777258
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/13903
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectOlive anthracnosept_PT
dc.subjectEndophytespt_PT
dc.subjectEpiphytespt_PT
dc.subjectOlea europaeapt_PT
dc.subjectBiocontrolpt_PT
dc.titleMicrobial community of olives and its potential for biological control of olive anthracnosept_PT
dc.typemaster thesis
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/5876-PPCDTI/EXCL%2FAGR-PRO%2F0591%2F2012/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/5876-PPCDTI/PTDC%2FAGR-PRO%2F4354%2F2012/PT
oaire.fundingStream5876-PPCDTI
oaire.fundingStream5876-PPCDTI
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsrestrictedAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typemasterThesispt_PT
relation.isProjectOfPublicationa516fbac-873b-4b0f-93cf-c74c741ae550
relation.isProjectOfPublication2e6f8c8e-1bf9-4b03-b980-efd4990d4c2d
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery2e6f8c8e-1bf9-4b03-b980-efd4990d4c2d
thesis.degree.nameMestrado em Biotecnologiapt_PT

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