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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Patrimônios históricos, como antigas construções, são um tipo de documento histórico vulnerável devido à exposição a diversos intemperismos naturais e antropogênicos. Na Europa, muitos dos patrimônios históricos são formados por alvenaria de pedra, os quais muitas vezes apresentam baixa compacidade (devido à
presença de vazios internos e fissuras) e ligações inadequadas. Para manter estas estruturas, sem danificar seus aspectos estéticos e estruturais, é necessário realizar estudos de reabilitação. A principal técnica de reabilitação recomendada pelo Conselho Nacional dos Monumentos e Sítios (ICOMOS) é a aplicação de caldas de injeção. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a possibilidade da aplicação de materiais autocicatrizantes nas caldas de injeção. A auto cicatrização é o processo automático realizado pelo material de selar parcialmente ou completamente suas fissuras. Para isto, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica das
tecnologias dos processos autocicatrizantes e avaliada a possibilidade da aplicação desta técnica em caldas de injeção de alvenaria antiga à base de cal. Verificou-se que os métodos autógenos como o uso de cinzas volantes e o uso de polímeros superabsorventes podem ser compatíveis com a técnica de injeção de caldas, com destaque para a utilização de microcápsulas. Os compostos biológicos (Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus megaterium) e os químicos (epóxi, o silicato de sódio), apresentam baixa porosidade e baixa taxa de exsudação (tais propriedades são desejadas em injeções de caldas). Por fim, ressalta-se a importância desta investigação para a área de reabilitação de patrimônios históricos pois possibilita uma maximização nos processos restaurativos.
Historical heritage, such as ancient buildings, are a type of fragile historical document due to exposure to various natural and anthropogenic weathering. In Europe, many of the historical patrimonies are formed by stone masonry, which often have low compactness (due to the presence of internal voids and fissures) and inadequate connections. To maintain these structures, without damaging their aesthetic and structural aspects, it is necessary to carry out rehabilitation studies. The main rehabilitation technique recommended by the National Council of Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) is the application of injection grout. The present work aims to study the possibility of applying self-healing in injection grouts. Selfhealing is the automatic process carried out by the material to partially or completely seal its cracks. For this, a bibliographic review of the technologies of the self-healing processes was carried out and the possibility of applying this technique in old limebased masonry injection grouts was evaluated. It was found that autogenous methods such as the use of fly ash and the use of superabsorbent polymers can be compatible with the injection technique, with emphasis on the use of microcapsules. Biological compounds (Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus megaterium) and chemical compounds (epoxy, sodium silicate) have low porosity and low exudation rate (such properties are desired in grout injections). Finally, the importance of this investigation for the area of rehabilitation of historical heritage is highlighted, as it allows for a maximization of the restorative processes.
Historical heritage, such as ancient buildings, are a type of fragile historical document due to exposure to various natural and anthropogenic weathering. In Europe, many of the historical patrimonies are formed by stone masonry, which often have low compactness (due to the presence of internal voids and fissures) and inadequate connections. To maintain these structures, without damaging their aesthetic and structural aspects, it is necessary to carry out rehabilitation studies. The main rehabilitation technique recommended by the National Council of Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) is the application of injection grout. The present work aims to study the possibility of applying self-healing in injection grouts. Selfhealing is the automatic process carried out by the material to partially or completely seal its cracks. For this, a bibliographic review of the technologies of the self-healing processes was carried out and the possibility of applying this technique in old limebased masonry injection grouts was evaluated. It was found that autogenous methods such as the use of fly ash and the use of superabsorbent polymers can be compatible with the injection technique, with emphasis on the use of microcapsules. Biological compounds (Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus megaterium) and chemical compounds (epoxy, sodium silicate) have low porosity and low exudation rate (such properties are desired in grout injections). Finally, the importance of this investigation for the area of rehabilitation of historical heritage is highlighted, as it allows for a maximization of the restorative processes.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Caldas de injeção Concreto autocicatrizante Reabilitação