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Abstract(s)
Na Região Demarcada do Douro as vinhas estão sujeitas a elevada intensidade de radiação solar, temperatura e déficit de pressão de vapor que acentuam com as condições de extrema secura estival durante parte do ciclo vegetativo. Visando mitigar os efeitos cada vez mais marcantes das alterações climáticas é que se buscam manejos alternativos e integrados às vinhas de modo a diminuir o impacto na quantidade e qualidade do fruto. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito combinado dos sistemas de poda em Guyot simples e Cordão Royat unilateral e da área foliar, através da gestão da parede vegetativa, no comportamento da casta Touriga Franca (Vitis vinifera L.). O ensaio ocorreu em uma vinha comercial (41°31’N; 7°5’W; 326m) e está organizado em blocos casualizados com três repetições de cinco videiras, combinando duas alturas de parede vegetativa e dois sistemas de poda. Durante o ciclo vegetativo foi registrada a fenologia, avaliado o comportamento fisiológico através de medições do potencial hídrico foliar de base, trocas gasosas, índice SPAD e NDVI. Os componentes de produção e composição dos mostos foram avaliados ao longo da maturação até a vindima. As plantas em Guyot e parede vegetativa baixa estiveram em maior conforto hídrico durante os meses do verão o que remeteu em maior condutância estomática, transpiração e fotossíntese. As plantas em Cordão e parede vegetativa alta apresentaram um comportamento oposto, porém isso não se refletiu na eficiência do uso da água. Enquanto para os parâmetros agronômicos, plantas em Guyot e parede vegetativa alta foram as que apresentaram médias superiores para a maioria das variáveis que caracterizam a parede vegetativa, exceto para a porosidade da parede. As maiores médias quanto aos componentes de produção foram em plantas em Guyot e parede vegetativa alta. As características biométricas dos bagos não diferiram significativamente entre tratamentos. Porém, quanto a composição dos mostos para Sólidos Solúveis Totais somente o tipo de poda apresenta diferenças significativas, sobressaindo plantas em Cordão. Logo para pH, Índice de Polifenóis Totais e Intensidade Corante, plantas em Cordão e com parede vegetativa alta apresentaram maiores médias e para tonalidade e acidez total não houve diferenças significativas. Este trabalho preliminar é um contributo para a implementação de diferentes estratégias de adaptação da vinha às alterações climáticas.
In the Douro Demarcated Region, the vineyards are subject to high intensity solar radiation, temperature and vapor pressure deficit that increase with the extremely dry summer conditions during part of the vegetative cycle. To mitigate the increasing effects of climate change, alternative integrated vineyard management strategies are being sought to reduce the impact on fruit quality and quantity. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the combined effect of pruning systems in simple Guyot and unilateral Royat cordon and leaf area, through the management of the vegetative wall, on the behavior of the grape variety Touriga Franca (Vitis vinifera L.). The trial took place in a commercial vineyard (41°31'N; 7°5'W; 326m) and was organized in randomized blocks with three repetitions of five vines, combining two vegetative wall heights and two pruning systems. During the vegetative cycle, phenology was recorded, physiological behavior was evaluated through measurements of baseline leaf water potential, gas exchange, SPAD index and NDVI. Production components and must composition were evaluated throughout ripening until harvest. Plants in Guyot and low vegetative wall were in higher hydric comfort during the summer months, which referred to higher stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthesis. The plants in cordon and high vegetative wall showed the opposite behavior, but this was not reflected in water use efficiency. While for the agronomic parameters, plants in Guyot and high vegetative wall were the ones that presented higher averages for most of the variables that characterize the vegetative wall, except for the porosity of the wall. The highest averages for yield components were in plants in Guyot and high vegetative wall. When following the maturation, it was noticed that the biometric characteristics of the berries did not differ significantly between treatments. However, regarding the must composition for Total Soluble Solids, only the type of pruning presents significant differences, with plants in cordon standing out. For pH, Total Polyphenol Index and Colour Intensity, plants in cordon and with high vegetative wall presented higher averages and for tonality and total acidity, there were no significant differences. This preliminary work is a contribution to the implementation of different strategies for adaptation of vineyards to climate change.
In the Douro Demarcated Region, the vineyards are subject to high intensity solar radiation, temperature and vapor pressure deficit that increase with the extremely dry summer conditions during part of the vegetative cycle. To mitigate the increasing effects of climate change, alternative integrated vineyard management strategies are being sought to reduce the impact on fruit quality and quantity. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the combined effect of pruning systems in simple Guyot and unilateral Royat cordon and leaf area, through the management of the vegetative wall, on the behavior of the grape variety Touriga Franca (Vitis vinifera L.). The trial took place in a commercial vineyard (41°31'N; 7°5'W; 326m) and was organized in randomized blocks with three repetitions of five vines, combining two vegetative wall heights and two pruning systems. During the vegetative cycle, phenology was recorded, physiological behavior was evaluated through measurements of baseline leaf water potential, gas exchange, SPAD index and NDVI. Production components and must composition were evaluated throughout ripening until harvest. Plants in Guyot and low vegetative wall were in higher hydric comfort during the summer months, which referred to higher stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthesis. The plants in cordon and high vegetative wall showed the opposite behavior, but this was not reflected in water use efficiency. While for the agronomic parameters, plants in Guyot and high vegetative wall were the ones that presented higher averages for most of the variables that characterize the vegetative wall, except for the porosity of the wall. The highest averages for yield components were in plants in Guyot and high vegetative wall. When following the maturation, it was noticed that the biometric characteristics of the berries did not differ significantly between treatments. However, regarding the must composition for Total Soluble Solids, only the type of pruning presents significant differences, with plants in cordon standing out. For pH, Total Polyphenol Index and Colour Intensity, plants in cordon and with high vegetative wall presented higher averages and for tonality and total acidity, there were no significant differences. This preliminary work is a contribution to the implementation of different strategies for adaptation of vineyards to climate change.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Vitis vinifera L. Alterações climáticas Fisiologia vegetal Sistema de poda