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Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighters

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datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
datacite.subject.sdg13:Ação Climática
datacite.subject.sdg15:Proteger a Vida Terrestre
dc.contributor.authorEsteves, Filipa
dc.contributor.authorMadureira, Joana
dc.contributor.authorBarros, Bela
dc.contributor.authorAlves, Sara
dc.contributor.authorPires, Joana
dc.contributor.authorMartins, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Marta
dc.contributor.authorVaz, Josiana A.
dc.contributor.authorSlezakova, Klara
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Maria do Carmo
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Adília
dc.contributor.authorMorais, Simone
dc.contributor.authorGuimarães, João Tiago
dc.contributor.authorBonassi, Stefano
dc.contributor.authorTeixeira, João Paulo
dc.contributor.authorCosta, Solange
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-13T15:18:45Z
dc.date.available2025-06-13T15:18:45Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractWhile occupational exposure as a firefighter is considered a dangerous occupation, research on the underlying mechanisms remains limited, particularly in wildland firefighters. Inflammation, a key effect of wildfire expo- sure, plays a significant role in the development of various diseases. The current study aims to investigate the impact of wildland firefighting exposure on the levels of pro-inflammatory systemic biomarkers. A pre-post study design investigated 59 wildland firefighters comparing data collected after participation in a wildfire event (Phase II) with data obtained before wildfire season (Phase I). Data on demographics, lifestyle, health and occupational-related factors were assessed. Exposure factors, such as fire combat (e.g., exposure duration), were also registered. Inflammatory biomarkers (i.e. interleukin-6 [IL-6], interleukin-8 [IL-8], tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α] and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) and hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons metabolites (1-OHNaph+1-OHAce, 2-OHFlu, 1-OHPhen, 1-OHPyr) were analysed in blood and urine samples, respectively. Serum IL-8 and IL-6 levels were significantly increased after wildland fire combat. IL-8 levels were 2.62 times higher (95 % CI: 1.96–3.50; p < 0.01), whereas IL-6 levels were 1.25 times higher (95 % CI: 1.00–1.57; p = 0.04). Furthermore, IL-8 levels were significantly correlated with urinary 2-hydroxyfluorene levels and fire combat duration (>12 h). In addition, the mean hs-CRP level, in both phases, was above 3.0 mg/L, indicating a potential risk for cardiovascular events. Given the long-term health implications of fire- fighting occupational exposure, biomonitoring and early detection of occupational risks are essential for pro- tecting firefighters’ health. Protective measures must be urgently implemented to enhance occupational health and strengthen preventive strategies in this sector.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work received financial support from the project PCIF/SSO/ 0017/2018 (https://doi.org/10.54499/PCIF/SSO/0017/2018) by the Fundaç˜ao para a Ciˆencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), Minist´erio da Ciˆencia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES), through national funds. This work is financed by national funds through the FCT within the scope of projects UIDB/ 04750/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/04750/2020) and LA/ P/0064/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/LA/P/0064/2020). Filipa Esteves was supported by National Funds through FCT, under the Ph.D. fellowship UI/BD/150783/2020. The work of Stefano Bonassi was supported by the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente), Rome, Italy, and by the Competitive Funding for University Research Projects [Finanziamento competitivo di progetti di ricerca di ateneo (FIN/RIC)] San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
dc.identifier.citationEsteves, Filipa; Madureira, Joana; Barros, Bela; Alves, Sara; Pires, Joana; Martins, Sandra; Oliveira, Marta; Vaz, Josiana A.; Slezakova, Klara; Pereira, Maria do Carmo; Fernandes, Adília; Morais, Simone; Guimarães, João Tiago; Bonassi, Stefano; Teixeira, João Paulo; Costa, Solange (2025). Impact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighters. Environmental Research. ISSN 0013-9351. 277, p. 1-9
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.envres.2025.121608
dc.identifier.issn0013-9351
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/34601
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relationPCIF/SSO/ 0017/2018
dc.relationEpidemiology Research Unit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto
dc.relationLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Research
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectWildland firefighters
dc.subjectInflammation
dc.subjectCytokines
dc.subjectBiomarkers
dc.subjectWoodsmoke exposure
dc.subjectFirefighting
dc.titleImpact of occupational exposure to wildfire events on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese wildland firefighterseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleEpidemiology Research Unit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto
oaire.awardTitleLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/3599-PPCDT/PCIF%2FSSO%2F0017%2F2018/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F04750%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0064%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.endPage9
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleEnvironmental Research
oaire.citation.volume277
oaire.fundingStream3599-PPCDT
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameVaz
person.familyNameFernandes
person.givenNameJosiana A.
person.givenNameAdília
person.identifier.ciencia-id171B-88BA-64F5
person.identifier.ciencia-id0514-76CD-8CCF
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-6989-1169
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1658-4509
person.identifier.ridV-8399-2017
person.identifier.scopus-author-id16305323200
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56489572200
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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