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Publication
Políticas de habitação: avaliação de programas de financiamento de habitação nos municípios da CIM do Alto Tâmega e Barroso
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Abstract(s)
As políticas públicas de habitação, enquanto ciência social, possibilitam que o governo atue para colmatar carências habitacionais, desenvolvendo ações de cariz social que apoiem os cidadãos e permitam a sua inclusão na sociedade com direito a condições dignas. O direito à habitação enquanto direito legalmente consagrado deve ser assegurado e promovido a todos os cidadãos. Nos termos da Constituição da República Portuguesa, todos os cidadãos têm direito a uma habitação com condições adequadas, de dimensões adequadas e que sustente a privacidade das famílias. A importância das políticas públicas de habitação na criação de programas revela se crucial no financiamento e na criação de condições para que as famílias mais desfavorecidas e com necessidades sociais possam ter os mesmos direitos na sociedade. Estas políticas públicas apresentam um instrumento de apoio de cariz público, o programa 1.º Direito - Programa de Apoio ao Acesso à Habitação, para colmatar problemas de agregados em condições indignas repercutidas pela carência financeira.
A presente dissertação teve como objetivo analisar o financiamento e a implementação das políticas públicas de habitação nos seis municípios que compõem a CIM do Alto Tâmega e Barroso – NUT III.
A investigação adotou uma abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvendo-se a partir de um estudo empírico que incluiu a análise documental e de conteúdo. Foram recolhidos dados relativos aos Acordos de Colaboração celebrados pelos municípios desde 2021 e realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas a decisores e técnicos envolvidos na implementação da política pública.
A realização deste estudo mostra-se pertinente para o conhecimento do levantamento de necessidades habitacionais de cada município, compreendendo os critérios de atribuição do financiamento e aferir o Estado de implementação da política.
Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os levantamentos de necessidades habitacionais foram realizados por técnicos dos municípios e por empresas externas especializadas contratadas para o efeito. Contudo, o financiamento foi calculado em função dos agregados elegíveis e a quantificação dos custos para cada solução habitacional. No que concerne ao estado de implementação da política pública de habitação nos municípios da CIM do Alto Tâmega e Barroso, os resultados apontam para uma fase de implementação inicial ou intermédia.
The field of public housing policies, as a social science, enables the government to address shortages in housing by implementing social programs that support citizens and facilitate their integration into society, ensuring access to adequate living conditions. The right to housing, as a legally enshrined right, must be guaranteed and promoted to all citizens. As delineated in the Constitution, all citizens possess the right to housing that is both decent and adequate in size, while also ensuring the privacy of families. The significance of public housing policies in the creation of programs cannot be overstated, as they play a pivotal role in financing and establishing conditions that ensure the most disadvantaged families and those with social needs can exercise the same rights as other members of society. In this regard, public policies function as instruments of public support, exemplified by the 1st Right Program - Support Program for Access to Housing, aimed at addressing the challenges faced by households in substandard conditions due to financial constraints. This study is founded on an analysis of the financing and implementation of public housing policies in the six municipalities that constitute the Alto Tâmega e Barroso CIM - NUT III. The research is grounded in a qualitative approach, encompassing a qualitative empirical study, a documentary and content analysis, and the collection of data from the Collaboration Agreements signed by the municipalities, commencing in 2021. The study employs semi structured interviews with decision-makers and technicians involved in public policy as a data collection method. The study's findings are instrumental in comprehending the housing requirements of each municipality, the criteria for allocating funding, and the status of policy implementation. The findings indicate that the housing needs surveys were conducted by municipal technicians and by external specialist companies contracted for this purpose. However, the calculation of funding was based on the following criteria: first, eligible households; second, the quantification of costs for each housing solution. With regard to the state of implementation of public housing policy in the municipalities of the Alto Tâmega and Barroso Intermunicipal Community (CIM), the results point to an initial or intermediate implementation phase.
The field of public housing policies, as a social science, enables the government to address shortages in housing by implementing social programs that support citizens and facilitate their integration into society, ensuring access to adequate living conditions. The right to housing, as a legally enshrined right, must be guaranteed and promoted to all citizens. As delineated in the Constitution, all citizens possess the right to housing that is both decent and adequate in size, while also ensuring the privacy of families. The significance of public housing policies in the creation of programs cannot be overstated, as they play a pivotal role in financing and establishing conditions that ensure the most disadvantaged families and those with social needs can exercise the same rights as other members of society. In this regard, public policies function as instruments of public support, exemplified by the 1st Right Program - Support Program for Access to Housing, aimed at addressing the challenges faced by households in substandard conditions due to financial constraints. This study is founded on an analysis of the financing and implementation of public housing policies in the six municipalities that constitute the Alto Tâmega e Barroso CIM - NUT III. The research is grounded in a qualitative approach, encompassing a qualitative empirical study, a documentary and content analysis, and the collection of data from the Collaboration Agreements signed by the municipalities, commencing in 2021. The study employs semi structured interviews with decision-makers and technicians involved in public policy as a data collection method. The study's findings are instrumental in comprehending the housing requirements of each municipality, the criteria for allocating funding, and the status of policy implementation. The findings indicate that the housing needs surveys were conducted by municipal technicians and by external specialist companies contracted for this purpose. However, the calculation of funding was based on the following criteria: first, eligible households; second, the quantification of costs for each housing solution. With regard to the state of implementation of public housing policy in the municipalities of the Alto Tâmega and Barroso Intermunicipal Community (CIM), the results point to an initial or intermediate implementation phase.
Description
Keywords
Políticas públicas Políticas públicas de habitação Direito à habitação Condições dignas Financiamento