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Abstract(s)
tivermos em conta que cada língua encerra uma cultura, podemos afirmar que a Literatura Oral Tradicional (LOT) é um instrumento fundamental de ajuda à preservação da língua, atendendo ao seu indiscutível valor simbólico e cultural. Efetivamente, a LOT representa a base cultural da história dos povos e deve ser encarada como um espaço de divulgação e preservação da cultura dos mesmos. Neste sentido, cabe à escola, atendendo ao seu papel institucional e social, com o apoio da família, em particular, como principal parceira da educação, e da sociedade civil, em geral, garantir a transmissão, a promoção e a preservação da cultura dos povos.
Em São Tomé e Príncipe (STP), os manuais escolares (MEsc.) continuam a ser os principais meios didácticos utilizados nas escolas. Eles desempenham um papel fulcral na formação dos alunos em todas as áreas de conhecimentos. Tal relevância justifica a opção de, ao longo deste trabalho, os MEsc. (nomeadamente o da 10.ª classe) serem objecto de um estudo que procura reflectir e avaliar a presença e o uso pedagógico da LOT que neles se promove. Este estudo permitiu-nos verificar, por um lado, a pouca presença dos textos pertencentes à LOT nos manuais de Língua Portuguesa (LP) em uso no país, e, por outro, os textos existentes não vão ao encontro dos propósitos dos alunos e dos professores. Não é de estranhar que o tratamento dos dados dos inquéritos feitos aos professores de LP e aos alunos do décimo ano de escolaridade do Liceu Nacional, durante a elaboração deste trabalho, deixe transparecer uma realidade triste, que vem confirmar o que já se pensava, ou seja, que, nas escolas e consequentemente no país, se lêem poucos textos pertencentes à literatura tradicional que viveu e chegou até nós graças à transmissão oral.
Esta realidade precisa ser combatida com a participação de todas as instituições. É necessário implementar estratégias para a inserção de mais textos de LOT no sistema Educativo Nacional, a nível do Ensino Secundário. Pensamos que a Reforma Educativa que se encontra em curso é uma oportunidade que não deve ser perdida. Apesar de ser um país pequeno, o mosaico cultural de STP é rico em diversidade, o que representa uma mais-valia como factor de motivação para a utilização adequada da sua LOT nos vários domínios da vida humana. Este trabalho apresenta-se como um contributo nesse sentido.
If we consider that there is a culture behind each language, then we can say that the Traditional Oral Literature (LOT) is an essential helping tool to preserve the language, considering its indisputable, symbolic and cultural value. Effectively, LOT is the cultural basis of human history and should be seen as a space for dissemination and preservation of culture. Therefore, the school, given its institutional and social role, with the support of the family, in particular, as the main educational partner, and the civil society in general to guarantee the promotion, transmission and preservation of people´s cultures. In Sao Tome and Principe (STP), textbooks (MEsc.) remain the main teaching methods used in schools. They play a key role in the training of students in all areas of knowledge. That is why, throughout this work, the MESC. (namely the 10th grade) are the subject of a study which seeks to reflect and evaluate the presence and the pedagogical use of LOT that promotes them. This study allowed us to firstly determine, the low presence of texts of LOT in Portuguese Language manuals (LP) in use in the country, and secondly, the existing texts is not what students and teachers need. In the other side, it is not surprising that during the preparation of this paper, the treatment of data from surveys among teachers and 10th grade students of LP, in the National High School, showed a sad reality that confirms what we already thought, in schools and therefore in the country, people are reading few texts of traditional literature or LOT. This reality needs to be tackled with the participation of all institutions. It is necessary to implement strategies for the entering of more LOT texts in the National Education system, mainly Secondary School level. We believe that the underway Education Reform is an opportunity that should not be missed. Despite being a small country, the cultural mosaic of STP is rich in diversity, which is a motivating factor for the proper use of LOT in the various fields of life. This is a contribution work.
If we consider that there is a culture behind each language, then we can say that the Traditional Oral Literature (LOT) is an essential helping tool to preserve the language, considering its indisputable, symbolic and cultural value. Effectively, LOT is the cultural basis of human history and should be seen as a space for dissemination and preservation of culture. Therefore, the school, given its institutional and social role, with the support of the family, in particular, as the main educational partner, and the civil society in general to guarantee the promotion, transmission and preservation of people´s cultures. In Sao Tome and Principe (STP), textbooks (MEsc.) remain the main teaching methods used in schools. They play a key role in the training of students in all areas of knowledge. That is why, throughout this work, the MESC. (namely the 10th grade) are the subject of a study which seeks to reflect and evaluate the presence and the pedagogical use of LOT that promotes them. This study allowed us to firstly determine, the low presence of texts of LOT in Portuguese Language manuals (LP) in use in the country, and secondly, the existing texts is not what students and teachers need. In the other side, it is not surprising that during the preparation of this paper, the treatment of data from surveys among teachers and 10th grade students of LP, in the National High School, showed a sad reality that confirms what we already thought, in schools and therefore in the country, people are reading few texts of traditional literature or LOT. This reality needs to be tackled with the participation of all institutions. It is necessary to implement strategies for the entering of more LOT texts in the National Education system, mainly Secondary School level. We believe that the underway Education Reform is an opportunity that should not be missed. Despite being a small country, the cultural mosaic of STP is rich in diversity, which is a motivating factor for the proper use of LOT in the various fields of life. This is a contribution work.
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Keywords
Literatura oral tradicional Práticas educativas (escolares) Programas e manuais