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O presente relatório foi desenvolvido no âmbito da unidade curricular Estágio I e II do Mestrado em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica, na área da Pessoa em Situação Crítica, da Escola Superior de Saúde do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, com vista à obtenção do grau de Mestre.
Este documento integra uma componente de reflexão crítica sobre o desenvolvimento de competências especializadas em contexto de estágio, bem como uma componente de investigação centrada nas perceções dos doentes e das famílias relativamente à comunicação e empatia dos profissionais de saúde em contextos cirúrgicos críticos.
O estágio foi realizado no Hospital Pedro Hispano, em diferentes contextos assistenciais — Unidade de Cuidados Intermédios Polivalentes, Serviço de Medicina Intensiva e Serviço de Urgência —, o que possibilitou o desenvolvimento de competências na avaliação, vigilância e intervenção junto da pessoa em situação crítica e da sua família.
No âmbito da componente de investigação, foi desenvolvido um estudo de natureza qualitativa, com recurso a entrevistas semiestruturadas a doentes e da família, com o objetivo de compreender as suas perceções relativamente à comunicação e empatia dos profissionais de saúde. Os dados foram analisados através da análise de conteúdo, segundo Bardin.
Os resultados evidenciam que a comunicação clara, consistente e adaptada às necessidades da pessoa, bem como a demonstração de empatia por parte dos profissionais, constituem fatores determinantes para a perceção da qualidade dos cuidados, uma vez que promovem a confiança, a segurança e a redução da ansiedade dos doentes e das suas famílias.
Este percurso permitiu consolidar competências científicas, técnicas e relacionais e reforçou a importância da integração entre a prática clínica e a investigação na promoção de cuidados de enfermagem especializados, seguros e humanizados à pessoa em situação crítica e à sua família.
This report was developed within the scope of the curricular unit Clinical Internship I and II of the Master's Degree in Medical-Surgical Nursing, in the area of Nursing for the Critically Ill Person, at the School of Health of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, with the aim of obtaining the Master's degree. This document comprises a critical reflection on the development of specialized competencies during the clinical internship, as well as a research component focused on patients' and families' perceptions regarding healthcare professionals' communication and empathy in critical surgical settings. The clinical internship took place at Hospital Pedro Hispano in three different healthcare settings—Intermediate Care Unit, Intensive Care Unit, and Emergency Department—which enabled the development of competencies in the assessment, monitoring, and care of critically ill patients and their families. As part of the research component, a qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with patients and family members to explore their perceptions of healthcare professionals' communication and empathy. Data were analysed through Bardin's contente analysis. The findings demonstrate that clear, consistent, and patient-centred communication, together with healthcare professionals' demonstration of empathy, are key determinants of the perceived quality of care, as they promote trust, enhance patients' sense of security, and reduce anxiety among patients and their families. This educational pathway enabled the consolidation of scientific, technical, and relational competencies and reinforced the importance of integrating clinical practice and research in promoting specialized, safe, and humanized nursing care for critically ill patients and their families.
This report was developed within the scope of the curricular unit Clinical Internship I and II of the Master's Degree in Medical-Surgical Nursing, in the area of Nursing for the Critically Ill Person, at the School of Health of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, with the aim of obtaining the Master's degree. This document comprises a critical reflection on the development of specialized competencies during the clinical internship, as well as a research component focused on patients' and families' perceptions regarding healthcare professionals' communication and empathy in critical surgical settings. The clinical internship took place at Hospital Pedro Hispano in three different healthcare settings—Intermediate Care Unit, Intensive Care Unit, and Emergency Department—which enabled the development of competencies in the assessment, monitoring, and care of critically ill patients and their families. As part of the research component, a qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with patients and family members to explore their perceptions of healthcare professionals' communication and empathy. Data were analysed through Bardin's contente analysis. The findings demonstrate that clear, consistent, and patient-centred communication, together with healthcare professionals' demonstration of empathy, are key determinants of the perceived quality of care, as they promote trust, enhance patients' sense of security, and reduce anxiety among patients and their families. This educational pathway enabled the consolidation of scientific, technical, and relational competencies and reinforced the importance of integrating clinical practice and research in promoting specialized, safe, and humanized nursing care for critically ill patients and their families.
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Enfermagem médico-cirúrgica Pessoa em situação crítica Comunicação em saúde Empatia Cuidados críticos
