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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A lombalgia é o problema mais comum de doenças músculo-esqueléticas, e entre as
doenças ocupacionais. Os trabalhadores de escritório são um grupo de risco para
sofrerem de lombalgia, devido a ficarem sentados por longos períodos de tempo, e
associado à falta de atividade física, podendo afetar a sua capacidade funcional e
qualidade de vida.
O principal objetivo desta revisão sistemática e meta-análise foi recolher as evidências
disponíveis dos efeitos de programas de reeducação postural (terapia exercícios,
educacional e ergonómica), na intensidade da dor, incapacidade funcional e qualidade
de vida de trabalhadores de escritório com lombalgia.
A pesquisa foi efetuada nas bases de dados eletrónicas Web Science, Pubmed e Scopus,
até dia 13 de junho de 2021. Foram selecionados para análise 9 estudos randomizados
controlados, que cumpriam os critérios de inclusão. As características dos sujeitos,
descrição das intervenções e resultados foram extraídos. Os tamanhos de efeito foram
calculados para cada estudo e resultado.
Os resultados demonstraram que uma grande percentagem dos estudos incluídos nesta
revisão sistemática teve efeito significativo das diferentes intervenções na intensidade
da dor (85,7%), incapacidade funcional (83,3%) e qualidade de vida (75%) dos
trabalhadores de escritório com lombalgia. A meta-análise, revelou que intervenções
realizadas em locais laborais e/ou em casa, tendo como terapia de exercício físico ou a
combinação de terapia de exercício físico e mental, englobando exercícios de força ou
exercícios de força e alongamentos e relaxamento mental, são as que poderão ter um
efeito maior na diminuição da intensidade da dor e incapacidade funcional em
trabalhadores de escritório com lombalgia. Em relação à qualidade de vida desta
população, não se conseguiu obter resultados conclusivos especialmente no tipo de
terapia e de exercícios mais eficazes, dado ao número reduzido de artigos.
Em conclusão a terapia de exercício físico deve ser considerada como base no
tratamento da lombalgia inespecífica, especialmente no tipo crónica, em trabalhadores
de escritório.
Low back pain is the most common problem of musculoskeletal disorders, and among occupational diseases. Office workers are a risk group to suffer from low back pain, due to being seated for long periods, and associated with a lack of physical activity, which can affect their functional capacity and quality of life. The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to collect available evidence of the effects of postural re-education programs (exercise, educational and ergonomic therapy) on pain intensity, functional disability and quality of life of office workers with low back pain. The survey was conducted in the electronic databases Web Science, Pubmed and Scopus, until June 13, 2021. Nine randomized controlled studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected for analysis. Subject characteristics, description of interventions and outcomes were extracted. Effect sizes were calculated for each study and outcome. The results showed that a large percentage of the studies included in this systematic review had a significant effect of different interventions on pain intensity (85.7%), functional disability (83.3%) and quality of life (75%) of office workers with low back pain. The meta-analysis revealed that interventions performed in workplaces and/or at home, such as physical exercise therapy or a combination of physical e mental exercise therapy, including strength exercises or strength exercises e stretching e mental relaxation, are those that may have a greater effect on pain intensity and functional disability in office workers with low back pain. Regarding the quality of life of this population, it was not possible to obtain conclusive results, especially regarding the most effective type of therapy and exercises, given the small number of articles. In conclusion, physical exercise therapy should be considered as a basis for the treatment of nonspecific low back pain, especially the chronic type, in office workers.
Low back pain is the most common problem of musculoskeletal disorders, and among occupational diseases. Office workers are a risk group to suffer from low back pain, due to being seated for long periods, and associated with a lack of physical activity, which can affect their functional capacity and quality of life. The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to collect available evidence of the effects of postural re-education programs (exercise, educational and ergonomic therapy) on pain intensity, functional disability and quality of life of office workers with low back pain. The survey was conducted in the electronic databases Web Science, Pubmed and Scopus, until June 13, 2021. Nine randomized controlled studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected for analysis. Subject characteristics, description of interventions and outcomes were extracted. Effect sizes were calculated for each study and outcome. The results showed that a large percentage of the studies included in this systematic review had a significant effect of different interventions on pain intensity (85.7%), functional disability (83.3%) and quality of life (75%) of office workers with low back pain. The meta-analysis revealed that interventions performed in workplaces and/or at home, such as physical exercise therapy or a combination of physical e mental exercise therapy, including strength exercises or strength exercises e stretching e mental relaxation, are those that may have a greater effect on pain intensity and functional disability in office workers with low back pain. Regarding the quality of life of this population, it was not possible to obtain conclusive results, especially regarding the most effective type of therapy and exercises, given the small number of articles. In conclusion, physical exercise therapy should be considered as a basis for the treatment of nonspecific low back pain, especially the chronic type, in office workers.
Description
Keywords
Lombalgia Programas de reeducação postural Dor Incapacidade funcional Qualidade de vida