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Avaliação da Alteração do Conhecimento dos Estudantes do 11º ano sobre o Acidente Vascular Cerebral após a realização do curso do Projeto Somos Um®
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O Acidente Vascular Cerebral continua a ser uma das principais causas de morte e incapacidade em Portugal e em todo o mundo. A população portuguesa apresenta reduzido nível de conhecimento sobre a doença Acidente Vascular Cerebral.
Objetivo: Analisar a alteração da média de conhecimento sobre a doença AVC, dos estudantes do 11º ano, de uma escola secundária do norte de Portugal, após a realização do curso do Projeto Somos Um®. Objetivos específicos: caracterizar a amostra quanto às suas características sociodemográficas; identificar o número de respostas certas por questão antes da realização do curso do Projeto Somos Um®; identificar o número de respostas certas por questão após a realização do curso do Projeto Somos Um®; analisar a alteração do número de resposta certas após o curso Projeto Somos Um®; analisar a
relação entre a variação da média do conhecimento dos jovens estudantes do 11º ano sobre a doença Acidente Vascular Cerebral e as caraterísticas sociodemográficas da amostra
antes e após a realização do curso Projeto Somos Um®
Metodologia: Estudo quase-experimental (pré e pós-intervenção) e transversal. A população-alvo é constituída por 132 estudantes do 11º ano, ano letivo 2023/24, de uma escola secundária do norte de Portugal. Definiu-se como critérios de inclusão: estudantes com idade igual ou superior a 15 anos; respondam à totalidade do questionário, e com autorização dos encarregados de educação. Assim, obteve-se uma amostra de 83 participantes, por amostragem não probabilística por conveniência. A recolha de dados realizou-se nos dias 10 e 17 de abril de 2024, através de um questionário que constituía a
caraterização sociodemográfica dos participantes e questões de avaliação do conhecimento relativamente à doença Acidente Vascular Cerebral. O estudo foi submetido e obteve o parecer favorável da Comissão de Ética, nº 515751.
Resultados: Os participantes tinham idades entre os 15 e os 20 anos, sendo a maioria de alunos com 16 anos,50,6% do sexo feminino, a maioria dos pais e mães tinham como nível de escolaridade o 9º ano, o seu agregado familiar era constituído maioritariamente por 4 a 5 elementos, relativamente ao historial familiar de doença Acidente Vascular Cerebral, apesar da resposta mais obtida ter sido “Não”, todas as outras opções (Sim e Não Sei) encontram-se em números muito próximos, e em relação ao curso formativo frequentado a maioria dos estudantes frequentava o curso profissional (55,4%). Estes
apresentavam um défice de conhecimento sobre a doença Acidente Vascular Cerebral, nas áreas da fisiopatologia, fatores de risco, meio a acionar para pedir ajuda e a importância temporal no tratamento da doença Acidente Vascular Cerebral. Evidenciou-se a alteração da média de conhecimento entre os dois momentos, verificando-se um aumento da média de conhecimento dos jovens estudantes sobre a doença Acidente Vascular Cerebral na pós-intervenção. Não se verificou relação, estatisticamente significativa, entre as caraterísticas sociodemográficas e a média de conhecimento sobre o Acidente Vascular
Cerebral, o que pode sugerir que a intervenção foi eficaz e acessível transversalmente, permitindo ainda, desmistificar mitos e estereótipos sobre o Acidente Vascular Cerebral.
Conclusões: Na pós-intervenção constatou-se o aumento da média de conhecimento dos jovens estudantes do 11º ano sobre a doença Acidente Vascular Cerebral. As caraterísticas sociodemográficas não foram os fatores predisponentes na alteração da média de conhecimento sobre o Acidente Vascular Cerebral nos jovens estudantes, concluindo-se que o Projeto “Somos Um®”, teve um papel fundamental na disseminação de conhecimento em saúde e prevenção de doenças, com elevado impacto na população geral e nas gerações futuras. Sugere-se a inclusão sistemática de conteúdo sobre doenças
tempo-dependentes (Acidente Vascular Cerebral e Enfarte Agudo Miocárdio) nos currículos escolares, lecionada por Enfermeiros, de forma a contribuir para a literacia em saúde dos jovens estudantes, como estratégia sustentável de prevenção primária e promoção da saúde.
Stroke remains one of the leading causes of death and disability in Portugal and worldwide. The Portuguese population has a low level of knowledge about stroke. Objective: To analyse the change in average knowledge about stroke among 11th grade students at a secondary school in northern Portugal after completing the Somos Um®. Project course. Specific objectives: to characterise the sample in terms of its sociodemographic characteristics; to identify the number of correct answers per question before completing the Somos Um® Project course ; identify the number of correct answers per question after completing the Somos Um® Project course; analyse the change in the number of correct answers after the Somos Um® Project course; analyse the relationship between the variation in the average knowledge of 11th grade students about stroke and the sociodemographic characteristics of the sample before and after completing the Somos Um® Project course. Methodology: Quasi-experimental (pre- and post-intervention) and cross-sectional study. The target population consisted of 132 11th-year students, academic year 2023/24, from a secondary school in northern Portugal. The inclusion criteria were defined as follows: students aged 15 or over; those who completed the entire questionnaire; and those with parental or guardian authorisation. Thus, a sample of 83 participants was obtained through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Data collection took place on 10 and 17 April 2024, using a questionnaire that included the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants and questions to assess their knowledge of stroke. The study was submitted to and approved by the Ethics Committee (no. 515751). Results: Participants were aged between 15 and 20 years, with the majority being 16 years old; 50.6% were female. Most parents had completed the 9th grade, and households consisted mainly of 4 to 5 members. Regarding family history of stroke, although the most common response was No, the other options (Yes and Don’t know) were similar in number. Concerning the type of course attended, most students were enrolled in a vocational programme (55.4%). Participants demonstrated limited knowledge about stroke in the areas of pathophysiology, risk factors, how to seek help, and the importance of timely treatment. A change in the average level of knowledge was observed between the two time points, with an increase in students’ knowledge of stroke after the intervention. No statistically significant relationship was found between sociodemographic characteristics and average knowledge about stroke, suggesting that the intervention was effective and accessible across the board, helping to dispel myths and stereotypes about stroke. Conclusions: Following the intervention, there was an increase in the average knowledge of 11th-grade students about stroke. Sociodemographic characteristics were not predisposing factors in the change in knowledge, indicating that the Somos Um® Project played a fundamental role in disseminating health-related knowledge and disease prevention, with a significant impact on the general population and future generations. We recommend the systematic inclusion of content on time-dependent diseases (stroke and acute myocardial infarction) in school curricula, delivered by nurses, as a sustainable strategy to promote health literacy among young students, thereby contributing to primary prevention and health promotion.
Stroke remains one of the leading causes of death and disability in Portugal and worldwide. The Portuguese population has a low level of knowledge about stroke. Objective: To analyse the change in average knowledge about stroke among 11th grade students at a secondary school in northern Portugal after completing the Somos Um®. Project course. Specific objectives: to characterise the sample in terms of its sociodemographic characteristics; to identify the number of correct answers per question before completing the Somos Um® Project course ; identify the number of correct answers per question after completing the Somos Um® Project course; analyse the change in the number of correct answers after the Somos Um® Project course; analyse the relationship between the variation in the average knowledge of 11th grade students about stroke and the sociodemographic characteristics of the sample before and after completing the Somos Um® Project course. Methodology: Quasi-experimental (pre- and post-intervention) and cross-sectional study. The target population consisted of 132 11th-year students, academic year 2023/24, from a secondary school in northern Portugal. The inclusion criteria were defined as follows: students aged 15 or over; those who completed the entire questionnaire; and those with parental or guardian authorisation. Thus, a sample of 83 participants was obtained through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Data collection took place on 10 and 17 April 2024, using a questionnaire that included the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants and questions to assess their knowledge of stroke. The study was submitted to and approved by the Ethics Committee (no. 515751). Results: Participants were aged between 15 and 20 years, with the majority being 16 years old; 50.6% were female. Most parents had completed the 9th grade, and households consisted mainly of 4 to 5 members. Regarding family history of stroke, although the most common response was No, the other options (Yes and Don’t know) were similar in number. Concerning the type of course attended, most students were enrolled in a vocational programme (55.4%). Participants demonstrated limited knowledge about stroke in the areas of pathophysiology, risk factors, how to seek help, and the importance of timely treatment. A change in the average level of knowledge was observed between the two time points, with an increase in students’ knowledge of stroke after the intervention. No statistically significant relationship was found between sociodemographic characteristics and average knowledge about stroke, suggesting that the intervention was effective and accessible across the board, helping to dispel myths and stereotypes about stroke. Conclusions: Following the intervention, there was an increase in the average knowledge of 11th-grade students about stroke. Sociodemographic characteristics were not predisposing factors in the change in knowledge, indicating that the Somos Um® Project played a fundamental role in disseminating health-related knowledge and disease prevention, with a significant impact on the general population and future generations. We recommend the systematic inclusion of content on time-dependent diseases (stroke and acute myocardial infarction) in school curricula, delivered by nurses, as a sustainable strategy to promote health literacy among young students, thereby contributing to primary prevention and health promotion.
Description
Keywords
Conhecimento Enfermagem Estudantes Acidente vascular cerebral