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Contributos do enfermeiro de reabilitação à pessoa com alterações do equilíbrio postural – desenvolvimento e aplicação do EQUITAP
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| 3 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O equilíbrio postural é um requisito essencial para a autonomia funcional e a prevenção de quedas, sobretudo na população idosa. O Enfermeiro de Reabilitação tem um papel central na avaliação e intervenção junto destas pessoas, recorrendo a instrumentos específicos e a estratégias terapêuticas que potenciem ganhos funcionais.
Objetivos: Desenvolver instrumento físico de avaliação e treino de equilíbrio e marcha; avaliar o equilíbrio postural dos participantes no início, durante e após a aplicação do instrumento de avaliação e treino de equilíbrio e marcha; identificar os ganhos para recuperação do equilíbrio postural, autonomia, risco de queda e qualidade de vida.
Métodos: Estudo de natureza quantitativa, descritiva com características de estudo piloto. Foi desenvolvido e implementado um instrumento físico de avaliação e treino do equilíbrio — um tapete estruturado com base nos parâmetros da Escala de Tine — concebido com o propósito de avaliar de forma sistematizada o equilíbrio postural e promover o seu treino terapêutico.
Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram melhorias nas diferentes dimensões do equilíbrio e marcha avaliada pela Escala de Tine , com redução do número de participantes em alto risco de queda (84,6% para 38,5%) e aumento dos que apresentaram marcha e equilíbrio funcionais (0% para 46,2%). A execução dos exercícios terapêuticos no tapete evidenciou ganhos significa vos, com maior capacidade de realização sem ajudas ao longo do tempo.
Conclusão: O estudo permitiu evidenciar que a intervenção do Enfermeiro de Reabilitação, aliada à aplicação estruturada de instrumentos de avaliação e ao uso de estratégias inovadoras como o tapete terapêutico, promove ganhos funcionais relevantes, traduzidos em maior autonomia e diminuição do risco de queda.
Postural balance is an essential requirement for functional autonomy and fall prevention, particularly in the elderly population. The Rehabilitation Nurse plays a central role in assessing and intervening with these individuals, using specific instruments and therapeutic strategies that enhance functional gains. Aim: To develop a physical tool for balance and gait assessment and training; to assess participants’ postural balance at the beginning, during, and a er the application of the balance and gait assessment and training tool; and to identify the gains in postural balance recovery, autonomy, fall risk, and quality of life. Methods: Study of a quantitative and descriptive nature, with characteristics of a pilot study. A physical assessment and training instrument — a mat structured according to the parameters of the Tine Scale — was developed and implemented, designed to systematically assess postural balance and promote its therapeutic training. Results: The findings showed improvements in different dimensions of balance and gait as assessed by the Tine Scale, with a reduction in participants at high risk of falling (from 84.6% to 38.5%) and an increase in those presenting functional gait and balance (from 0% to 46.2%). The execution of therapeutic exercises using the mat demonstrated significant gains, with a progressive ability to perform tasks without assistance over me. Conclusion: The study highlighted that the intervention of the Rehabilitation Nurse, combined with the structured use of assessment tools and innovative strategies such as the therapeutic mat, promotes significant functional gains, expressed in greater autonomy and reduced fall risk.
Postural balance is an essential requirement for functional autonomy and fall prevention, particularly in the elderly population. The Rehabilitation Nurse plays a central role in assessing and intervening with these individuals, using specific instruments and therapeutic strategies that enhance functional gains. Aim: To develop a physical tool for balance and gait assessment and training; to assess participants’ postural balance at the beginning, during, and a er the application of the balance and gait assessment and training tool; and to identify the gains in postural balance recovery, autonomy, fall risk, and quality of life. Methods: Study of a quantitative and descriptive nature, with characteristics of a pilot study. A physical assessment and training instrument — a mat structured according to the parameters of the Tine Scale — was developed and implemented, designed to systematically assess postural balance and promote its therapeutic training. Results: The findings showed improvements in different dimensions of balance and gait as assessed by the Tine Scale, with a reduction in participants at high risk of falling (from 84.6% to 38.5%) and an increase in those presenting functional gait and balance (from 0% to 46.2%). The execution of therapeutic exercises using the mat demonstrated significant gains, with a progressive ability to perform tasks without assistance over me. Conclusion: The study highlighted that the intervention of the Rehabilitation Nurse, combined with the structured use of assessment tools and innovative strategies such as the therapeutic mat, promotes significant functional gains, expressed in greater autonomy and reduced fall risk.
Description
Keywords
Equilíbrio postural Acidentes por quedas Enfermagem em Reabilitação Atividade física