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Varroa destructor shapes the unique viral landscapes of the honey bee populations of the Azores archipelago

2024Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorLopes, Ana Rita
dc.contributor.authorLow, Matthew
dc.contributor.authorMartín-Hernández, Raquel
dc.contributor.authorMiranda, Joachim
dc.contributor.authorPinto, M. Alice
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-23T08:38:17Z
dc.date.available2024-07-23T08:38:17Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractThe worldwide dispersal of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor from its Asian origins has fundamentally transformed the relationship of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) with several of its viruses, via changes in transmission and/or host immunosuppression. The extent to which honey bee-virus relationships change after Varroa invasion is poorly understood for most viruses, in part because there are few places in the world with several geographically close but completely isolated honey bee populations that either have, or have not, been exposed long-term to Varroa, allowing for separate ecological, epidemiological, and adaptive relationships to develop between honey bees and their viruses, in relation to the mite's presence or absence. The Azores is one such place, as it contains islands with and without the mite. Here, we combined qPCR with meta-amplicon deep sequencing to uncover the relationship between Varroa presence, and the prevalence, load, diversity, and phylogeographic structure of eight honey bee viruses screened across the archipelago. Four viruses were not detected on any island (ABPV-Acute bee paralysis virus, KBV-Kashmir bee virus, IAPV-Israeli acute bee paralysis virus, BeeMLV-Bee macula-like virus); one (SBV-Sacbrood virus) was detected only on mite-infested islands; one (CBPV-Chronic bee paralysis virus) occurred on some islands, and two (BQCV-Black queen cell virus, LSV-Lake Sinai virus,) were present on every single island. This multi-virus screening builds upon a parallel survey of Deformed wing virus (DWV) strains that uncovered a remarkably heterogeneous viral landscape featuring Varroa-infested islands dominated by DWV-A and -B, Varroa-free islands na & iuml;ve to DWV, and a refuge of the rare DWV-C dominating the easternmost Varroa-free islands. While all four detected viruses investigated here were affected by Varroa for one or two parameters (usually prevalence and/or the Richness component of ASV diversity), the strongest effect was observed for the multi-strain LSV. Varroa unambiguously led to elevated prevalence, load, and diversity (Richness and Shannon Index) of LSV, with these results largely shaped by LSV-2, a major LSV strain. Unprecedented insights into the mite-virus relationship were further gained from implementing a phylogeographic approach. In addition to enabling the identification of a novel LSV strain that dominated the unique viral landscape of the easternmost islands, this approach, in combination with the recovered diversity patterns, strongly suggests that Varroa is driving the evolutionary change of LSV in the Azores. This study greatly advances the current understanding of the effect of Varroa on the epidemiology and adaptive evolution of these less-studied viruses, whose relationship with Varroa has thus far been poorly defined.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipThe principal financial support for the project was provided by the Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER; https://portugal2020.pt/glossario/feder-fundo-europeu-de-desenvolvimento-regional/) through the program COMPETE 2020-POCI (Programa Operacional para a Competividade e Internacionalizac & atilde;o) in the framework of the project BEEHAPPY (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029871) to MAP. Additional funding was provided by Fundac & atilde;o para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT; www.fct.pt) through the individual research grant SFRH/BD/143627/2019 to ARL; by the Swedish Research Council Vetenskapsradet (VR; www.vr.se) through grant 2017-03963 to ML and by the Svenska Forskningsradet Formas (FORMAS; www.formas.se) through grant 2022-01462 to JRM. FCT also provided institutional support to CIMO (grants UIDB/00690/2020 and UIDP/00690/2020) and SusTEC (grant LA/P/0007/2021) to facilitate the data generation and analyses. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationLopes, Ana Rita; Low, Matthew; Martín-Hernández, Raquel; Miranda, Joachim R. de; Pinto, M. Alice (2024). Varroa destructor shapes the unique viral landscapes of the honey bee populations of the Azores archipelago. PLOS Pathogens. ISSN 1553-7366. 20:7, p. 1-27pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.ppat.1012337pt_PT
dc.identifier.eissn1553-7374
dc.identifier.issn1553-7366
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/30061
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherPublic Library of Sciencept_PT
dc.relationLA/P/0007/2021pt_PT
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationSaúde da abelha (Apis mellifera L.) nos Açores: comparação dos padrões epidemiológicos num laboratório natural único
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectDeformed wing viruspt_PT
dc.subjectApis-melliferapt_PT
dc.subjectParalysis viruspt_PT
dc.titleVarroa destructor shapes the unique viral landscapes of the honey bee populations of the Azores archipelagopt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleSaúde da abelha (Apis mellifera L.) nos Açores: comparação dos padrões epidemiológicos num laboratório natural único
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/POR_NORTE/SFRH%2FBD%2F143627%2F2019/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/9471 - RIDTI/PTDC%2FCVT-CVT%2F29871%2F2017/PT
oaire.citation.endPage27pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue7pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage1pt_PT
oaire.citation.titlePLOS Pathogenspt_PT
oaire.citation.volume20pt_PT
oaire.fundingStreamPOR_NORTE
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream9471 - RIDTI
person.familyNameLopes
person.familyNamePinto
person.givenNameAna
person.givenNameM. Alice
person.identifier.ciencia-idF014-6835-054D
person.identifier.ciencia-idF814-A1D0-8318
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1888-2262
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9663-8399
person.identifier.scopus-author-id8085507800
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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