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Resumo(s)
Solubility, the ability to dissolve a solute in a solvent, is crucial in pharmaceutical research, influencing drug formulation and bioavailability. Poorly water-soluble drugs, such as acetaminophen (ACP), a world-wide used drug as painkiller and antipyretic, often present challenges. The addition of hydrotropes to aqueous solutions is one of the strategies used to enhance the solubility of those solutes in water. This study compares the effect of various hydrotrope types (organic compounds, ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents and organic or inorganic salts) at different concentrations. New solubility data in aqueous solutions of [BMIm][Ac], ChBr, ChCl, NaBS, NaCapry, NaSCN, NaSal, Na2SO4, NaTOS, NH4SCN, (NH4)2SO4, urea, ethanol, 1,2-propanediol, glycerol and acetone were measured at 298.2 K by
the shake-flask method coupled to UV-Vis spectroscopy or gravimetry as analytical techniques. A critical comparison with literature data was also carried out. NaTOS, NaSal and [BMIm][Ac] stood out as hydrotropes with better performance, by enhancing the ACP solubility at lower hydrotropic concentrations. Statistical analysis of the hydrotrope polarity assessed using the COSMO-RS model showed a good positive correlation with the apolar factor, at a hydrotrope concentration of 0.10 (weight fraction). At the same hydrotrope concentration, in the studied organic solvents (ethanol, 1,2- propanediol, glycerol and acetone) a strong negative correlation is observed between their hydrogen donor character and the acetaminophen solubility, and an evident negative correlation between the hydrogen bond parameter and the ACP solubility was observed for systems containing ionic liquids. It is necessary to investigate these correlations for other hydrotrope concentrations, and temperatures, attempting to find heuristics that allow the analysis of the drug solubility increase in a predictive way.
Finally, it was possible to identify hydrotropes capable of enhancing the solubility of acetaminophen, with potential application in other drugs formulations.
Descrição
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Palavras-chave
Solubility enhancement Hydrotropes Computational modelling Acetaminophen