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Authors
Abstract(s)
O setor da construção civil desempenha um papel significativo nas emissões de gases de efeito estufa atuais, representando cerca de 40% das emissões totais, além de consumir aproximadamente 40% da energia produzida. Diante da urgência em enfrentar as mudanças climáticas e reduzir as emissões de gases de efeito estufa, é fundamental desenvolver materiais de construção sustentáveis que promovam um setor da construção civil mais responsável ambientalmente. Um exemplo que se destaca nesse aspecto são as misturas de argila e fibras naturais. Além de serem mais sustentáveis, uma vez que utilizam recursos naturais, esses materiais têm o potencial de gerar uma melhoria no desempenho térmico, acústico, higrotérmico e ao fogo dos edifícios, oferecendo uma alternativa sustentável aos painéis de revestimento convencionais amplamente utilizados na indústria da construção. A presente dissertação teve como objetivo investigar o comportamento funcional e a resposta ao fogo de materiais de misturas à base de solo argiloso e fibras de lã de ovelha com diferentes composições. A pesquisa concentrou-se na análise da condutividade térmica das misturas, bem como na avaliação da perda de massa e taxa de liberação de calor durante a exposição à um fluxo de calor, utilizando equipamentos como a placa quente protegida e o calorímetro de perda de massa. Os resultados revelaram que a adição de fibras de lã de ovelha reduziu significativamente a condutividade térmica, melhorando o desempenho térmico das mistura. A presença de cal hidráulica e o tamanho da fibra também contribuíram para essa redução. As amostras com fibras de lã de ovelha tiveram perda de massa mais significativa durante a exposição ao calor, devido à decomposição das fibras. Além disso, a taxa de liberação de calor mostrou um comportamento endotérmico nos primeiros minutos do teste.
The civil construction sector plays a significant role in current greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for approximately 40% of total emissions, and consumes around 40% of the energy produced. Given the urgency to address climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it is essential to develop sustainable construction materials that promote a more environmentally responsible construction sector. One example that stands out in this regard is the mixtures of clay and natural fibers. In addition to being more sustainable by utilizing natural resources, these materials have the potential to improve the thermal, acoustic, hygrothermal, and fire performance of buildings, offering a sustainable alternative to the widely used conventional cladding panels in the construction industry. The present dissertation aimed to investigate the functional behavior and fire response of clay-based soil mixtures with different compositions of wool fibers. The research focused on analyzing the thermal conductivity of the mixtures, as well as evaluating the mass loss and heat release rate during exposure to a heat flux, using equipment such as the guarded hot plate and the mass loss calorimeter. The results revealed that the addition of wool fibers significantly reduced thermal conductivity, improving the thermal performance of the mixtures. The presence of hydraulic lime and the fiber size also contributed to this reduction. The samples with wool fibers experienced more significant mass loss during heat exposure due to fiber decomposition. Additionally, the heat release rate exhibited an endothermic behavior in the initial minutes of the test.
The civil construction sector plays a significant role in current greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for approximately 40% of total emissions, and consumes around 40% of the energy produced. Given the urgency to address climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it is essential to develop sustainable construction materials that promote a more environmentally responsible construction sector. One example that stands out in this regard is the mixtures of clay and natural fibers. In addition to being more sustainable by utilizing natural resources, these materials have the potential to improve the thermal, acoustic, hygrothermal, and fire performance of buildings, offering a sustainable alternative to the widely used conventional cladding panels in the construction industry. The present dissertation aimed to investigate the functional behavior and fire response of clay-based soil mixtures with different compositions of wool fibers. The research focused on analyzing the thermal conductivity of the mixtures, as well as evaluating the mass loss and heat release rate during exposure to a heat flux, using equipment such as the guarded hot plate and the mass loss calorimeter. The results revealed that the addition of wool fibers significantly reduced thermal conductivity, improving the thermal performance of the mixtures. The presence of hydraulic lime and the fiber size also contributed to this reduction. The samples with wool fibers experienced more significant mass loss during heat exposure due to fiber decomposition. Additionally, the heat release rate exhibited an endothermic behavior in the initial minutes of the test.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Fibras naturais Solo argiloso Lã de ovelha Condutividade térmica Perda de massa