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O conforto térmico humano apresenta-se como uma das variáveis do conforto
ambiental. O seu estudo mostra-se importante ao contribuir para adequação de
edifícios visando melhorias que proporcionem não somente o conforto dos
indivíduos, mas também o desempenho energético destes. As principais
variáveis que estão diretamente relacionadas com o estudo de conforto térmico
dividem-se entre variáveis ambientais e humanas. Entre as ambientais estão: a
temperatura do ar, a humidade relativa do ar, a temperatura média radiante e a
velocidade do ar. As humanas são: taxa de metabolismo e índice de vestuário
(Clo). Esta dissertação faz parte do projeto POCTEP BIOURB NATUR e tem por
finalidade analisar o conforto térmico e a perceção de conforto em Casas de
Interpretação Ambiental, no contexto transfronteiriço entre Portugal e Espanha
durante o período de verão. Além disso, este trabalho complementa um estudo
realizado a priori para o período de inverno. Neste âmbito, um dos objetivos
principais consiste na avaliação das condições de conforto térmico externo e
interno dos locais analisados. Objetivando obter dados pertinentes para avaliar
a perceção de conforto dos utilizadores das casas estudadas, foram utilizados
materiais e métodos que englobam a coleta de dados através de equipamentos
específicos internos e externos, além da posterior análise estatística. Além da
monitorização dos locais de interesse com auxílio das ferramentas adequadas,
foram aplicados inquéritos aos utilizadores dos parques. Os resultados obtidos
foram analisados através de sistemas de referência, como a norma ASHRAE
(1992), a ISO 7730 (2005) e a escala térmica de Fanger (1972). Para o exterior
os dados foram interpretados pela Carta Bioclimática de Olgyay (1963). Os
resultados apontam dificuldades de obtenção de conforto térmico nos espaços
exteriores devido às altas temperaturas registadas no período analisado. No
contexto interior, as condições de conforto térmico mostram-se ligeiramente
diferentes para os locais analisados, o que se explica pela singularidade de
contextos estudados. Após análise detalhada dos registos foram propostas
estratégias cabíveis para cada local estudado.
Human thermal comfort is one of the aspects of environmental comfort. Therefore, its study may contributes to the thermal adaptation of buildings aiming at informing improvements that may contribute not only to the comfort of individuals, but also to enhanced energy performance. The variables that are directly related to the study of thermal comfort may be divided into environmental and human variables. Among the environmental ones are: air temperature, relative air humidity, mean radiant temperature and air speed. Among human variables: the metabolic rate (MET) and the clothing Index (Clo). This dissertation integrated in the POCTEP BIOURB NATUR project and aims at analysing thermal comfort and the perception of thermal comfort in environmental interpretation buildings, in the Cross boundary context between Portugal and Spain, during summer period. This work follows a previous study made for the fall and winter period. In this context, one of the main objectives was to evaluate the external and internal thermal comfort conditions of the analysed sites. In order to assess the perception of thermal comfort of the users, data was collected through specific internal and external equipment, as well as subsequent statistical analysis. In addition to the onsite monitoring, surveys were applied to park users. Data were analysed using reference systems such as ASHRAE (1992), ISO 7730 (2005) and Fanger thermal scale (1972). For the external environment the data were interpreted using Olgyay's Bioclimatic Chart (1963). Results indicate difficulties in achieving thermal comfort in outdoor spaces due to the high temperatures recorded during the study periods. In the indoor context, the thermal comfort conditions are slightly different among the studied buildings, which can be explained by the uniqueness of the analysed contexts and the buildings characterístics. After detailed analysis of the registries, feasible strategies for each studied site were proposed.
Human thermal comfort is one of the aspects of environmental comfort. Therefore, its study may contributes to the thermal adaptation of buildings aiming at informing improvements that may contribute not only to the comfort of individuals, but also to enhanced energy performance. The variables that are directly related to the study of thermal comfort may be divided into environmental and human variables. Among the environmental ones are: air temperature, relative air humidity, mean radiant temperature and air speed. Among human variables: the metabolic rate (MET) and the clothing Index (Clo). This dissertation integrated in the POCTEP BIOURB NATUR project and aims at analysing thermal comfort and the perception of thermal comfort in environmental interpretation buildings, in the Cross boundary context between Portugal and Spain, during summer period. This work follows a previous study made for the fall and winter period. In this context, one of the main objectives was to evaluate the external and internal thermal comfort conditions of the analysed sites. In order to assess the perception of thermal comfort of the users, data was collected through specific internal and external equipment, as well as subsequent statistical analysis. In addition to the onsite monitoring, surveys were applied to park users. Data were analysed using reference systems such as ASHRAE (1992), ISO 7730 (2005) and Fanger thermal scale (1972). For the external environment the data were interpreted using Olgyay's Bioclimatic Chart (1963). Results indicate difficulties in achieving thermal comfort in outdoor spaces due to the high temperatures recorded during the study periods. In the indoor context, the thermal comfort conditions are slightly different among the studied buildings, which can be explained by the uniqueness of the analysed contexts and the buildings characterístics. After detailed analysis of the registries, feasible strategies for each studied site were proposed.
Descrição
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a Universidade FUMEC
Palavras-chave
Conforto térmico Ambiente interno Ambiente externo Variáveis ambientais Variáveis humanas