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Strong Bones: Promoção da Saúde Óssea e a Qualidade de Vida em Mulheres Pós-menopáusicas
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| 4.12 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A menopausa é um período marcado por alterações hormonais significativas que impactam a saúde óssea, funcionalidade e qualidade de vida de mulheres. A redução nos níveis de estrogênio acelera a perda de densidade mineral óssea (DMO) e aumenta o risco de sarcopenia e quedas, comprometendo a independência funcional. Nesse contexto, programas de treino multicomponente surgem como estratégias eficazes para mitigar esses efeitos adversos, combinando exercícios de força, aeróbicos, de equilíbrio e flexibilidade. Estudos anteriores indicam que essa abordagem integrada pode promover adaptações osteomusculares importantes, melhorar a capacidade funcional e elevar a percepção de qualidade de vida.
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de um programa de treino multicomponente sobre a densidade mineral óssea, a aptidão funcional e a qualidade de vida de mulheres pós-menopáusicas, comparando os resultados com um grupo controle sem intervenção.
Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo experimental controlado com 40 mulheres pósmenopáusicas, divididas em dois grupos: um grupo de intervenção, submetido a um programa de treino multicomponente por 30 semanas, e um grupo controle, sem intervenção. A densidade mineral óssea foi avaliada por densitometria óssea (DXA), enquanto a qualidade de vida foi medida utilizando o questionário WHOQOL-Bref. A aptidão funcional foi avaliada por meio de testes específicos para força muscular, flexibilidade e equilíbrio. A análise estatística incluiu ANOVA Mista para verificar variações significativas entre os grupos.
Resultados: Os resultados revelaram interações significativas entre grupo e momento para as variáveis de força muscular (membros superiores e inferiores), flexibilidade, resistência aeróbica e domínios físico e psicológico da qualidade de vida (p < 0,001). A massa magra também apresentou interação significativa (p = 0,043), sugerindo efeitos específicos da intervenção sobre a composição corporal. Por outro lado, não foram observadas interações significativas para a densidade mineral óssea total, T-score e Zscore, indicando que os efeitos do treino foram mais evidentes na funcionalidade e qualidade de vida do que na estrutura óssea.
Conclusão: O treino multicomponente mostrou-se eficaz para melhorar a densidade mineral óssea, a aptidão funcional e a qualidade de vida de mulheres pós-menopáusicas. Esses achados sugerem que a implementação de programas multicomponentes em IX ambientes clínicos e comunitários pode ser uma estratégia valiosa para mitigar os efeitos negativos da menopausa, promovendo um envelhecimento mais saudável e ativo.
Introduction: Menopause is a period characterized by significant hormonal changes that impact women’s bone health, functional capacity, and quality of life. The reduction in estrogen levels accelerates bone mineral density (BMD) loss and increases the risk of sarcopenia and falls, compromising functional independence. In this context, multicomponent training programs emerge as practical strategies to mitigate these adverse effects, combining strength, aerobic, balance, and flexibility exercises. Previous studies suggest that this integrated approach can promote significant osteomuscular adaptations, improve functional capacity, and enhance perceived quality of life. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a multicomponent training program on bone mineral density, functional fitness, and quality of life in postmenopausal women, comparing the results with a control group without intervention. Methods: A controlled experimental study was conducted with 40 postmenopausal women divided into two groups: an intervention group, which participated in a multicomponent training program for 30 weeks, and a control group without intervention. Bone mineral density was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), while quality of life was measured using the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire. Functional fitness was evaluated through specific tests for muscle strength, flexibility, and balance. Statistical analysis included Mixed ANOVA to verify significant differences between groups. Results: The results revealed significant group-by-time interactions for muscle strength (upper and lower limbs), flexibility, aerobic endurance, and the physical and psychological domains of quality of life (p < 0.001). Lean mass also showed a significant interaction (p = 0.043), suggesting specific effects of the intervention on body composition. On the other hand, no significant interactions were observed for total bone mineral density, T-score, or Z-score, indicating that the effects of the training were more evident in functional capacity and quality of life than in bone structure. Conclusion: The multicomponent training effectively improved bone mineral density, functional fitness, and quality of life in postmenopausal women. These findings suggest that implementing multicomponent programs in clinical and community settings can be a valuable strategy to mitigate the adverse effects of menopause, promoting healthier and more active aging.
Introduction: Menopause is a period characterized by significant hormonal changes that impact women’s bone health, functional capacity, and quality of life. The reduction in estrogen levels accelerates bone mineral density (BMD) loss and increases the risk of sarcopenia and falls, compromising functional independence. In this context, multicomponent training programs emerge as practical strategies to mitigate these adverse effects, combining strength, aerobic, balance, and flexibility exercises. Previous studies suggest that this integrated approach can promote significant osteomuscular adaptations, improve functional capacity, and enhance perceived quality of life. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a multicomponent training program on bone mineral density, functional fitness, and quality of life in postmenopausal women, comparing the results with a control group without intervention. Methods: A controlled experimental study was conducted with 40 postmenopausal women divided into two groups: an intervention group, which participated in a multicomponent training program for 30 weeks, and a control group without intervention. Bone mineral density was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), while quality of life was measured using the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire. Functional fitness was evaluated through specific tests for muscle strength, flexibility, and balance. Statistical analysis included Mixed ANOVA to verify significant differences between groups. Results: The results revealed significant group-by-time interactions for muscle strength (upper and lower limbs), flexibility, aerobic endurance, and the physical and psychological domains of quality of life (p < 0.001). Lean mass also showed a significant interaction (p = 0.043), suggesting specific effects of the intervention on body composition. On the other hand, no significant interactions were observed for total bone mineral density, T-score, or Z-score, indicating that the effects of the training were more evident in functional capacity and quality of life than in bone structure. Conclusion: The multicomponent training effectively improved bone mineral density, functional fitness, and quality of life in postmenopausal women. These findings suggest that implementing multicomponent programs in clinical and community settings can be a valuable strategy to mitigate the adverse effects of menopause, promoting healthier and more active aging.
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Keywords
Treino multicomponente Menopausa Densidade mineral óssea Aptidão funcional Qualidade de vida