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Abstract(s)
A importância das questões ligadas ao ambiente enquanto matéria de estudo associada à formação dos jovens é, atualmente, unanime. Porém, ao nível da docência, os professores deparam-se com uma grande diversidade e quantidade de conteúdos, sem que haja uma orientação muito precisa de como proceder à sua incorporação na prática letiva. A esta situação acresce uma aparente falha na formação dos professores que condiciona a abordagem da Educação Ambiental.
Assim, o propósito deste estudo consiste em conhecer a perceção dos professores do 3.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico sobre Educação Ambiental. Pretende-se também averiguar o grau de concordância ou de discordância dos professores face a afirmações que se relacionam com a Educação Ambiental, bem como analisar as suas opiniões em função das variáveis selecionadas.
A técnica de recolha de dados utilizada foi o inquérito por questionário. Contudo, como na revisão bibliográfica não se encontrou um instrumento de avaliação das perceções dos docentes face à Educação Ambiental desenvolveu-se um novo instrumento – uma escala de Likert. A amostra é constituída por 249 professores dos agrupamentos de escolas do Distrito de Bragança, destes 38,6% (96) são do género masculino e 61,4% (153) são do género feminino. Em termos globais de 658 questionários distribuídos foram recolhidos e validados 249 (37,84%).
O tratamento estatístico dos dados relativo ao estudo desenvolvido foi realizado através do programa informático Statistical Package for the Social Sciences – SPSS for Windows, versão 20.0. A análise fatorial permitiu obter sete fatores aglutinadores dos temas abrangidos pelo instrumento. A partir dos resultados em função das variáveis género, situação profissional, forma de profissionalização, tempo de serviço, área disciplinar, região do distrito e proximidade de áreas protegidas, verifica-se que as opiniões mais favoráveis sobre Educação Ambiental provêm, respetivamente: das professoras; dos professores do quadro; dos professores que efetuaram a profissionalização em serviço; dos professores com mais tempo de serviço (mais de 25 anos); dos professores de Línguas Estrangeiras, Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Ciências Físicas e Naturais e das Expressões e Tecnologias; dos professores que exercem atividade nos agrupamentos escolares do Douro Superior e dos professores que estão próximos de áreas protegidas. De modo geral, a maioria dos professores expressa concordância com a afirmação contida em cada item da escala.
Perante os resultados, parece consensual que, na opinião dos professores, a Educação Ambiental é uma forma abrangente de educação que assume diferentes dimensões e cujo principal objetivo é desenvolver um comportamento responsável.
Conclui-se, a partir do estudo, que embora, nos últimos tempos, se tenha intensificado o papel do sistema educativo na formação ambiental dos cidadãos, a escola nem sempre consegue responder eficazmente aos constantes desafios que lhe são propostos, pelo que é necessário continuar a investigar os moldes em que está a ser trabalhada a Educação Ambiental neste espaço.
The importance of issues related to the environment as a matter of study associated to the formation of young people is, currently, unanimous. However, at the level of teaching, teachers are faced with a great variety and quantity of content without a very precise guidance on how to proceed to its incorporation in teaching practice. To this situation is added an apparent failure in teacher training which makes the approach to environmental education. Thus, the purpose of this study is to understand the perception of teachers of the 3rd Cycle of the Basic Teaching about Environmental Education. It is also aimed to investigate the degree of agreement or disagreement of teachers towards to statements that relate to environmental education, as well as analyzing their opinions on the basis of selected variables. The technique used for data collection was the questionnaire survey. However, as in the literature review was not found an instrument for assessing perceptions of teachers towards the Environmental Education developed a new instrument – a Likert scale. The sample consisted of 249 teachers from clusters of schools in the district of Bragança, of these 38,6% (96) are males and 61,4% (153) are females. Overall, of 658 questionnaires, were collected and validated 249 (37,84%). The statistical processing of data related to the study was performed using the computer program Statistical Package for Social Sciences – SPSS for Windows, version 20.0. The factor analysis generated seven factors binders of topics covered by the instrument. From the results, according to the variables gender, employment status, form of professionalization, length of service, subject area, district, region and near protected areas, it is verified that the most favorable opinions on Environmental Education derived respectively: from female teachers; tenured teachers; teachers who made the professionalization in service; teachers with more years of service (over 25 years); teachers of Foreign Languages, Human and Social Sciences, Physical and Natural Sciences and Technologies and Expressions; teachers engaged in school activity groups in the Upper Douro and teachers who are close to protected areas. In general, most teachers expressed agreement with the statement contained in each item of the scale. Regarding the results, it seems generally agreed that, in the opinion of teachers, the Environmental Education is a comprehensive form of education that has different dimensions and whose main objective is to develop a responsible behavior. It is concluded, from the study, that although, in recent times, it has been intensified the role of the education system in the environmental education of citizens, the school is not always responding effectively to the challenges being offered, so it is necessary to continue investigating the ways in which Environmental Education is being worked in this area.
The importance of issues related to the environment as a matter of study associated to the formation of young people is, currently, unanimous. However, at the level of teaching, teachers are faced with a great variety and quantity of content without a very precise guidance on how to proceed to its incorporation in teaching practice. To this situation is added an apparent failure in teacher training which makes the approach to environmental education. Thus, the purpose of this study is to understand the perception of teachers of the 3rd Cycle of the Basic Teaching about Environmental Education. It is also aimed to investigate the degree of agreement or disagreement of teachers towards to statements that relate to environmental education, as well as analyzing their opinions on the basis of selected variables. The technique used for data collection was the questionnaire survey. However, as in the literature review was not found an instrument for assessing perceptions of teachers towards the Environmental Education developed a new instrument – a Likert scale. The sample consisted of 249 teachers from clusters of schools in the district of Bragança, of these 38,6% (96) are males and 61,4% (153) are females. Overall, of 658 questionnaires, were collected and validated 249 (37,84%). The statistical processing of data related to the study was performed using the computer program Statistical Package for Social Sciences – SPSS for Windows, version 20.0. The factor analysis generated seven factors binders of topics covered by the instrument. From the results, according to the variables gender, employment status, form of professionalization, length of service, subject area, district, region and near protected areas, it is verified that the most favorable opinions on Environmental Education derived respectively: from female teachers; tenured teachers; teachers who made the professionalization in service; teachers with more years of service (over 25 years); teachers of Foreign Languages, Human and Social Sciences, Physical and Natural Sciences and Technologies and Expressions; teachers engaged in school activity groups in the Upper Douro and teachers who are close to protected areas. In general, most teachers expressed agreement with the statement contained in each item of the scale. Regarding the results, it seems generally agreed that, in the opinion of teachers, the Environmental Education is a comprehensive form of education that has different dimensions and whose main objective is to develop a responsible behavior. It is concluded, from the study, that although, in recent times, it has been intensified the role of the education system in the environmental education of citizens, the school is not always responding effectively to the challenges being offered, so it is necessary to continue investigating the ways in which Environmental Education is being worked in this area.