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Fire performance of light timber frame construction in Europe: a review on fire protection measures and fire safety design

dc.contributor.authorAlves, Matheus Henrique
dc.contributor.authorMesquita, Luís M.R.
dc.contributor.authorPiloto, Paulo A.G.
dc.contributor.authorLopes, Nuno
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-06T11:35:41Z
dc.date.available2026-03-06T11:35:41Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstractTimber construction is becoming increasingly relevant for the climate and energy transition of the building sector. Notably, modern multilayered light frame elements are attractive due to their versatility and ease of prefabrication, and they are now used in a wide range of building heights and occupancies. However, wood and wood-based products are combustible, and verifying the fire resistance of timber frame elements and certification of innovative eco-materials require appropriate design and fire testing. This work contextualises the relevance of European timber structures towards the green transition. It further discusses the fire performance and fire safety design of light timber frame systems, emphasising passive fire protection measures. The paper also briefly addresses new developments in Eurocode 5 related to fire resistance verification of light timber frame elements. Additionally, as increasingly complex and innovative assemblies arise in construction practice, developing advanced models, such as finite element and comprehensive multiscale models, is required for performance-based fire engineering and product development. These models simulate the thermal and structural behaviour of timber at elevated temperatures, providing practical tools for assessing fire resistance. Therefore, an instructive background on comprehensive models for modelling the fire behaviour of timber is presented. This work is intended to be a one-stop reference for understanding the relevance of timber elements in Europe and the fire protection and fire safety design strategies for light timber frame construction within the framework of European guidelines.
dc.description.sponsorshipMatheus Alves acknowledges the National funding by FCT, Foundation for Science and Technology, through the individual research grant (2022. BD.13536).pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationAlves, Matheus Henrique; Mesquita, L.M.R..; Piloto, Paulo A.G.; Lopes, Nuno (2026). Fire performance of light timber frame construction in Europe: a review on fire protection measures and fire safety design. Journal of Building Engineering. ISSN 2352-7102. 120, p. 1-26pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jobe.2026.115500pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn2352-7102
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/29264
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherElsevierpt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectLight timber framept_PT
dc.subjectLight wood framept_PT
dc.subjectFire safetypt_PT
dc.subjectEurocode 5pt_PT
dc.subjectPassive fire protectionpt_PT
dc.subjectSimplified methods
dc.subjectComprehensive models
dc.titleFire performance of light timber frame construction in Europe: a review on fire protection measures and fire safety designpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage26pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage1pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Building Engineeringpt_PT
person.familyNameAlves
person.familyNameMesquita
person.familyNamePiloto
person.givenNameMatheus Henrique
person.givenNameLuís M.R.
person.givenNamePaulo A.G.
person.identifier1339117
person.identifier.ciencia-idDA1E-F1FC-B91E
person.identifier.ciencia-id401E-2FEC-8303
person.identifier.ciencia-id0519-449D-6F13
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8139-6761
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2385-4282
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2834-0501
person.identifier.ridF-2269-2010
person.identifier.ridB-4866-2008
person.identifier.scopus-author-id54920397900
person.identifier.scopus-author-id8585923500
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6506406159
publicationvolume.volumeNumber120
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication589186bc-1902-41dc-b4ff-d6359a028987
relation.isAuthorOfPublication3d08baba-b032-42c4-8244-94672c4611a1
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationbaaee084-ab97-4c95-b636-24ab6bab0e3e
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery589186bc-1902-41dc-b4ff-d6359a028987

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