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Abstract(s)
A exposição de crianças e jovens à violência interparental é uma problemática que tem merecido cada vez mais atenção tanto por parte da literatura, perdendo-se a conta aos estudos já realizados sobre as consequências biopsicossociais a curto, médio e longo prazo, tanto pelo Legislador, com a inclusão dos menores que testemunham um contexto familiar violento no Estatuto de Vítima, como ainda, mais recentemente, por parte do Estado Português, através da aprovação de procedimentos específicos de intervenção das Comissões de Proteção de Crianças e Jovens (CPCJ) e da Rede Nacional de Apoio às Vítimas de Violência Doméstica com menores.
Não obstante, parece haver ainda muitas cifras negras que envolvem este crime público, bem como constrangimentos na organização, recursos humanos, intervenção sistémica e apoios num Sistema que devia ser protetor e contentor do impacto da violência interparental. Por este motivo, a presente investigação pretende conhecer o Sistema de Promoção e Proteção a partir de dentro, dando voz aos profissionais que aplicam a Lei e gerem os processos de cada menor desde a sinalização, avaliação do risco ou perigo, deliberação das medidas de promoção e proteção, acompanhamento do cumprimento do acordo até ao seu arquivamento. Trata-se, portanto, de um estudo qualitativo e exploratório, com dados recolhidos através de entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicadas a dez técnicos de diferentes CPCJ, de Norte a Sul de Portugal, selecionadas aleatoriamente, com vista a responder à questão-problema: Serão os procedimentos de sinalização, aplicação das medidas de promoção e proteção e recursos no acompanhamento da sua execução suficientes e eficazes na proteção de crianças e jovens expostos à violência interparental?
Através da análise do conteúdo das entrevistas realizadas, é possível perceber que o tempo de afetação de cada técnico à CPCJ, o parco número de técnicos em Comissões com grande volume processual, a carência de formação especializada na área, as dificuldades do trabalho em rede com entidades de primeira linha e a diminuta prevenção por parte das Entidades com Competência em Matéria de Infância e Juventude, demonstram ser um obstáculo na intervenção. Tais resultados podem explicar eventuais falhas na proteção e promoção do interesse superior da criança e dos seus direitos, especificamente nos instrumentos e periodicidade da supervisão do cumprimento do Acordo estabelecido entre o técnico gestor de caso e os progenitores e/ou menor, nas sucessivas revisões das medidas de promoção e proteção que arrastam a intervenção devido à incapacidade do técnico acompanhar múltiplos processos ao mesmo tempo e nas dificuldades de articulação com as entidades que devem dar continuidade à intervenção da CPCJ.
The exposure of children and young people to interparental violence is an issue that has received increasing attention from literature given by, the numerous studies already carried out on the biopsychosocial consequences in the short, medium and long term, the legislator, through the inclusion of the minors who witness a violent family context in the Victim Statute, and, more recently, the Portuguese State, by approving specific intervention procedures by the Commissions for the Protection of Children and Youth (CPCJ) and by the National Support Network for Victims of Domestic Violence with Minors. Nevertheless, there still seem to be many obstacles that involve this specific public crime, as well as constraints on organization, human resources, systemic intervention and support, in a System that should protect and contain the impact of interparental violence. For this reason, the present research aims to understand the Promotion and Protection System from within, giving voice to the professionals who apply the Law and manage the processes of each minor, from signaling, risk or danger assessment, deliberation of promotion and protection measures, and monitoring the agreement made between the family and the organization, to check if it is being maintained until its archiving. Therefore, this is a qualitative and exploratory study, with data collected through semi-structured interviews applied to ten technicians from different CPCJ, from North to South of Portugal, randomly selected, in order to answer the question: Are the signaling procedures, the application of promotion and protection measures and the resources in monitoring their execution, sufficient and effective in protecting children and young people exposed to interparental violence? Through the analysis of the content of the interviews carried out, it is possible to understand that the time of assignment of each technician to the CPCJ, the small number of technicians in Commissions with large cases volume, the lack of specialized training in the area, the difficulties of networking with first-line entities and the low level of prevention by the Entities with Competence in the Matter of Children and Youth, prove to be an obstacle regarding the intervention. Results may explain any failures in the protection and promotion of the best interests of the child and their rights, specifically in the instruments and frequency of the supervision of the compliance with the Agreement established between the technical case manager and the parents and/or minor, in the successive revisions of the promotion and protection measures that drag the intervention due to the technician's inability to follow multiple processes at the same time, and the difficulties of articulation with the entities that must continue the intervention of the CPCJ.
The exposure of children and young people to interparental violence is an issue that has received increasing attention from literature given by, the numerous studies already carried out on the biopsychosocial consequences in the short, medium and long term, the legislator, through the inclusion of the minors who witness a violent family context in the Victim Statute, and, more recently, the Portuguese State, by approving specific intervention procedures by the Commissions for the Protection of Children and Youth (CPCJ) and by the National Support Network for Victims of Domestic Violence with Minors. Nevertheless, there still seem to be many obstacles that involve this specific public crime, as well as constraints on organization, human resources, systemic intervention and support, in a System that should protect and contain the impact of interparental violence. For this reason, the present research aims to understand the Promotion and Protection System from within, giving voice to the professionals who apply the Law and manage the processes of each minor, from signaling, risk or danger assessment, deliberation of promotion and protection measures, and monitoring the agreement made between the family and the organization, to check if it is being maintained until its archiving. Therefore, this is a qualitative and exploratory study, with data collected through semi-structured interviews applied to ten technicians from different CPCJ, from North to South of Portugal, randomly selected, in order to answer the question: Are the signaling procedures, the application of promotion and protection measures and the resources in monitoring their execution, sufficient and effective in protecting children and young people exposed to interparental violence? Through the analysis of the content of the interviews carried out, it is possible to understand that the time of assignment of each technician to the CPCJ, the small number of technicians in Commissions with large cases volume, the lack of specialized training in the area, the difficulties of networking with first-line entities and the low level of prevention by the Entities with Competence in the Matter of Children and Youth, prove to be an obstacle regarding the intervention. Results may explain any failures in the protection and promotion of the best interests of the child and their rights, specifically in the instruments and frequency of the supervision of the compliance with the Agreement established between the technical case manager and the parents and/or minor, in the successive revisions of the promotion and protection measures that drag the intervention due to the technician's inability to follow multiple processes at the same time, and the difficulties of articulation with the entities that must continue the intervention of the CPCJ.
Description
Keywords
Violência interparental Promoção Gestor de caso Proteção