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Risco ergonómico dos profissionais de saúde em unidades de cuidados intensivos
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| 1.43 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os profissionais de saúde em unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) estão expostos a tarefas de elevada exigência física, nomeadamente durante o posicionamento e a transferência de doentes, o que os torna particularmente vulneráveis a lesões músculo-esqueléticas relacionadas com o trabalho (LMERT). A ergonomia aplicada ao contexto hospitalar permite identificar fatores de risco e orientar medidas preventivas eficazes.
Objetivo: Identificar o risco ergonómico dos profissionais de saúde associado às práticas de posicionamento e transferência de doentes em unidades de cuidados intensivos.
Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e observacional, numa unidade de cuidados intensivos de uma Unidade Local de Saúde do norte de Portugal. A amostra foi constituída por 61 profissionais de saúde (enfermeiros e técnicos auxiliares de saúde). A recolha de dados decorreu entre 1 de janeiro e 28 de fevereiro de 2025, tendo sido utilizados dois instrumentos: um questionário de autopreenchimento para recolha de variáveis sociodemográficas, profissionais, comportamentais e de saúde, e uma grelha de observação estruturada baseada no método REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment), aplicada em contexto real de trabalho. No total, foram realizadas 95 observações.
Resultados: A pontuação média final REBA foi de 10,7 (DP=2,12), correspondendo a risco muito elevado. Verificou-se que 57,9% das observações apresentaram risco muito alto, 30,5% risco alto e 11,6% risco médio. A maioria das tarefas analisadas exige, assim, ação imediata. Não foram identificadas correlações estatisticamente significativas entre o risco ergonómico e as variáveis sociodemográficas ou comportamentais.
Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos demonstram uma elevada exposição ao risco ergonómico por parte dos profissionais de saúde em UCI, evidenciando a necessidade urgente de medidas corretivas. A reorganização das tarefas, a disponibilização de dispositivos auxiliares, a formação em ergonomia e o apoio interdisciplinar são fundamentais para promover ambientes de trabalho mais seguros.
Healthcare professionals working in intensive care units (ICUs) are frequently exposed to physically demanding tasks, particularly during patient positioning and transfers. These tasks place them at high risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs). The application of ergonomics in hospital settings helps identify risk factors and guide effective preventive strategies. Aim: To identify the ergonomic risk associated with patient positioning and transfer practices performed by healthcare professionals in intensive care units. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, and observational study was conducted in an ICU of a Local Health Unit in northern Portugal. The sample consisted of 61 healthcare professionals (nurses and nursing assistants). Data were collected between January 1 and February 28, 2025, using two instruments: a self-administered questionnaire to gather sociodemographic, professional, behavioral, and health-related variables; and a structured observation grid based on the REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) method. A total of 95 observations were recorded. Results: The average final REBA score was 10.7 (SD=2.12), corresponding to a very high-risk level. Of the total observations, 57.9% showed very high risk, 30.5% high risk, and 11.6% moderate risk. Most tasks required urgent ergonomic intervention. No statistically significant correlations were found between ergonomic risk and sociodemographic or behavioral variables. Conclusion: The findings reveal a high level of ergonomic risk exposure among ICU healthcare professionals, emphasizing the urgent need for corrective measures. Task reorganization, availability of assistive devices, continuous ergonomic training, and interdisciplinary support are essential to foster safer working environments.
Healthcare professionals working in intensive care units (ICUs) are frequently exposed to physically demanding tasks, particularly during patient positioning and transfers. These tasks place them at high risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs). The application of ergonomics in hospital settings helps identify risk factors and guide effective preventive strategies. Aim: To identify the ergonomic risk associated with patient positioning and transfer practices performed by healthcare professionals in intensive care units. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, and observational study was conducted in an ICU of a Local Health Unit in northern Portugal. The sample consisted of 61 healthcare professionals (nurses and nursing assistants). Data were collected between January 1 and February 28, 2025, using two instruments: a self-administered questionnaire to gather sociodemographic, professional, behavioral, and health-related variables; and a structured observation grid based on the REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) method. A total of 95 observations were recorded. Results: The average final REBA score was 10.7 (SD=2.12), corresponding to a very high-risk level. Of the total observations, 57.9% showed very high risk, 30.5% high risk, and 11.6% moderate risk. Most tasks required urgent ergonomic intervention. No statistically significant correlations were found between ergonomic risk and sociodemographic or behavioral variables. Conclusion: The findings reveal a high level of ergonomic risk exposure among ICU healthcare professionals, emphasizing the urgent need for corrective measures. Task reorganization, availability of assistive devices, continuous ergonomic training, and interdisciplinary support are essential to foster safer working environments.
Description
Keywords
Risco Profissionais de saúde Ergonomia Cuidados intensivos