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Polymeric Modulation of Natural Microcapsules: A Multimodal Platform for Enhanced Mucoadhesion and Site‐Specific Oral Drug Delivery

2026Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Biotecnologia Médica
datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
datacite.subject.sdg12:Produção e Consumo Sustentáveis
dc.contributor.authorAylanc, Volkan
dc.contributor.authorErtosun, Seymanur
dc.contributor.authorVale, Nuno
dc.contributor.authorFreire, Cristina
dc.contributor.authorVilas-Boas, Miguel
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-16T15:17:19Z
dc.date.available2026-06-16T15:17:19Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstractSporopollenin, a highly robust, biocompatible, and chemically resistant biopolymer derived from pollen grains, represents an underexploited renewable resource for sustainable pharmaceutical applications. Therewith, the broader application of oral pollen-based systems is restricted by morphology-related limitations, premature gastric release, and insufficient intestinal adhesion. Herein, sporopollenin microcapsules (SMCs) were produced from Castanea sp. (Cas) and Helianthus sp. (Hel) bee pollen using a solvent-efficient, scalable purification strategy. The microcapsules were then surface-functionalized via a clean photochemical approach to enhance mucoadhesion and coated with either biodegradable alginate (Alg) or pH-responsive eudragit (Eud), modulating the controlled intestinal release of the model drug 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). Scanning electron microscope (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and laser diffraction particle analysis confirmed successful purification, with average sizes of 11.2 mu m (Cas) and 24.1 mu m (Hel). Drug loading capacities were 29% and 36%, respectively, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) validated successful encapsulation. Uncoated SMCs released 63%-73% of 5-FU within 1 h, whereas Alg or Eud coatings delayed release, achieving sustained, super case-II transport profiles. Bioadhesion testing showed Hel-SMCs had a higher work of adhesion (0.298 mJ/cm(2)) than Cas-SMCs (0.079 mJ/cm(2)), supporting prolonged residence in the target site. Biocompatibility assays of SMCs in Vero cells indicated no cytotoxic effects, GI(50) > 700 mu g/mL. Overall, polymer-coated SMCs demonstrate strong potential as sustainable oral drug delivery systems, integrating effective encapsulation, controlled and mucoadhesive release behavior with multifunctional, low-waste design principles that advance sustainable pharmacy and resource efficiency.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, UIDB/00690/2020, UIDP/00690/2020, LA/P/0007/2021, 2021.07764.BD, 2021.08361.BD. NextGenerationEU, 10/C05-i03/2021.PPRR- C05-i03-I- 00008.
dc.identifier.citationAylanc, Volkan; Ertosun, Seymanur; Vale, Nuno; Freire, Cristina; Vilas-Boas, Miguel (2026). Polymeric Modulation of Natural Microcapsules: A Multimodal Platform for Enhanced Mucoadhesion and Site-Specific Oral Drug Delivery. Polymers for Advanced Technologies. ISSN 1042-7147. 37:5, p. 1-15
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/pat.70625
dc.identifier.issn1042-7147
dc.identifier.issn1099-1581
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/36901
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relationMountain Research Center - UIDP/00690/2020
dc.relationNEXTGENmOCp: Next generation of a microfluidic Organ-on-a-Chip platform (mOCp) to assess and diagnosis therapeutic effects of innovative nanomedicines
dc.relation.ispartofPolymers for Advanced Technologies
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectBee pollen
dc.subjectControlled delivery
dc.subjectMucoadhesion enhancement biocompatibility
dc.subjectPolymer coating
dc.subjectSporopollenin-based carriers
dc.titlePolymeric Modulation of Natural Microcapsules: A Multimodal Platform for Enhanced Mucoadhesion and Site‐Specific Oral Drug Deliveryeng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberUIDP/00690/2020
oaire.awardNumber2021.00027.CEECIND/CP1664/CT0007
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center - UIDP/00690/2020
oaire.awardTitleNEXTGENmOCp: Next generation of a microfluidic Organ-on-a-Chip platform (mOCp) to assess and diagnosis therapeutic effects of innovative nanomedicines
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/CEEC IND4ed/2021.00027.CEECIND%2FCP1664%2FCT0007/PT
oaire.citation.endPage15
oaire.citation.issue5
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titlePolymers for Advanced Technologies
oaire.citation.volume37
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStreamCEEC IND4ed
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameAylanc
person.familyNameErtosun
person.familyNameVilas-Boas
person.givenNameVolkan
person.givenNameSeymanur
person.givenNameMiguel
person.identifier1693134
person.identifier.ciencia-idFB10-056C-9A56
person.identifier.ciencia-id1A15-6D5C-D55E
person.identifier.ciencia-idA918-C6FF-81A4
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4060-766X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-9146-4040
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-8665-5280
person.identifier.ridI-5949-2013
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57189037561
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6602648497
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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