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Sex-based performance analysis in Olympic triathlon: swimming, cycling, and running at Paris 2024

2025Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorLeite, Luciano Bernardes
dc.contributor.authorCoelho, Bruno de Cássio
dc.contributor.authorForte, Pedro
dc.contributor.authorNikolaidis, Pantelis Theo
dc.contributor.authorDuric, Sasa
dc.contributor.authorAndrade, Marilia Santos
dc.contributor.authorCuk, Ivan
dc.contributor.authorWeiss, Katja
dc.contributor.authorRosemann, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorKnechtle, Beat
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-09T11:03:42Z
dc.date.available2026-01-09T11:03:42Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThis study aimed to analyze sex differences in performance across the disciplines of the Olympic triathlon at the 2024 Paris Olympic Games. Performance times in swimming, cycling, running and transitions (T1 and T2) were compared between male (n = 50) and female (n = 51) athletes. Data were extracted from the official Olympic website and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test with effect size (Cohen's d). Quantile regression was applied to examine the relationship between total race time and performance in each discipline of the Olympic triathlon. Male athletes outperformed females across all segments, including swimming, cycling, running, and transitions (p < 0.001). Cycling accounted for the largest proportion of total race time in both sexes (49.4% for females, 48.2% for males), while the contribution of running was slightly higher in males (29.8%) than in females (29.5%). Quantile regression revealed that cycling was the most influential predictor of total time among males, whereas running had greater impact among females, particularly in slower athletes (q = 0.75). Swimming was a consistent but less prominent predictor in both sexes, especially among faster athletes (q = 0.25). Transitions had limited influence in males but showed significant associations with performance among females at specific quantiles, notably in T2. These findings underscore the need for sex-specific training strategies, emphasizing running development in female triathletes and cycling optimization in males, while also considering the role of transitions, especially in draft-legal events.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipLuciano Bernardes Leite thanks the Funda\u00E7\u00E3o de Amparo \u00E0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and the Coordena\u00E7\u00E3o de Aperfei\u00E7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00EDvel Superior (CAPES), Finance Code 001, for the scholarships granted. Open access funding provided by University of Zurich. No funding.
dc.identifier.citationLeite, Luciano Bernardes; Coelho, Bruno de Cássio; Forte, Pedro; Nikolaidis, Pantelis Theo; Duric, Sasa; Andrade, Marilia Santos; Cuk, Ivan; Weiss, Katja; Rosemann, Thomas; Knechtle, Beat (2025). Sex-based performance analysis in Olympic triathlon: swimming, cycling, and running at Paris 2024. Sport Sciences for Health. ISSN 1824-7490. 21.4, p. 1-10
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s11332-025-01480-0
dc.identifier.issn1824-7490
dc.identifier.issn1825-1234
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/35422
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofSport Sciences for Health
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectTriathlon
dc.subjectPerformance analysis
dc.subjectSex diferences
dc.subjectOlympic games
dc.subjectEndurance sports
dc.titleSex-based performance analysis in Olympic triathlon: swimming, cycling, and running at Paris 2024eng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage10
oaire.citation.issue4
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleSport Sciences for Health
oaire.citation.volume21
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameForte
person.givenNamePedro
person.identifier.ciencia-id351B-B16B-79C7
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0184-6780
relation.isAuthorOfPublication3ecc6d1b-07a4-40d7-81f4-df6fd7b3d5b0
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery3ecc6d1b-07a4-40d7-81f4-df6fd7b3d5b0

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