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Projeto BIO4MED: caracterização e valorização de méis produzidos em olivais
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O mel é um produto complexo constituído maioritariamente por açúcares, contendo também menores quantidades de proteínas, compostos fenólicos, vitaminas, etc. Para além da produção de mel, as abelhas desempenham um papel essencial na polinização de várias espécies vegetais, muitas destas importantes para a alimentação humana. Neste contexto, a apicultura assume uma relevância, não apenas económica, mas também ecológica, principalmente nos atuais cenários de alterações climáticas.
O projeto Bio4Med tem como objetivo a implementação de estratégias sustentáveis em culturas perenes do Mediterrâneo, nomeadamente em olivais. Nesta ação, através da instalação de colmeias nas bordaduras dos olivais, pretende-se produzir méis únicos de alta qualidade e, ao mesmo tempo, contribuir para a proteção da biodiversidade da região.
Tendo este facto em consideração, este trabalho teve como finalidade caracterizar amostras de mel recolhidas de colmeias colocadas em olivais em relação às suas propriedades polínicas e físico-químicas. Para isso, foram analisadas 15 amostras provenientes de três olivais diferentes da região da “Terra Quente” em Trás-os-Montes, Portugal. Adicionalmente foram desenvolvidas três formulações de granola com três especiarias diferentes, com o objetivo de estudar o seu potencial de incorporação num produto alimentar. Os méis analisados apresentaram resultados semelhantes em vários parâmetros. Todos mostraram uma cor âmbar extra-claro, com baixos níveis de humidade e condutividade e restantes parâmetros de acordo com a legislação portuguesa. A análise polínica mostrou
que todos eles eram méis multiflorais com predominância de Jasione montana, Cytisus striatus e Rubus sp. A análise reológica mostrou que todos eles apresentaram comportamento Newtoniano, sendo que a sua dependência com a temperatura foi melhor explicada pela equação empírica referida por Afonso et al. (2018) do que pela Lei de Arrhenius.
A análise nutricional mostrou que as granolas desenvolvidas apresentaram uma composição nutricional semelhante às já existentes no mercado, tendo todas elas apresentado perfis sensoriais equilibrados. Além disso, as granolas não mostraram crescimento microbiológico significativo ao longo de dois meses de armazenamento à temperatura ambiente.
Honey is a complex product made predominantly by sugars, but also containing proteins, phenolic compounds and vitamins in smaller amounts. Beyond honey production, bees play an essential role in the pollination of various numbers species of plants, which many of them are fundamental for human food production. Beekeeping is relevant from na economic point of view but also from an ecological perspective, specially under the current challenges of climate change. The Bio4Med project aims to implemente sustainable strategies in Mediterranean climate perennial crops, namely olive groves, by installing beehives along their borders. With this approach, high-quality honeys production can be enhanced with unique features while contributing to biodiversity conservation and regional economic development. This study was focused on the physicochemical, pollen and rheological characterization of honeys collected from olive groves. In more detail, fifteen samples were analysed from three olive groves in the "Terra Quente" region in Trás-os-Montes, Portugal. Additionally, to valorise this honey, granola formulations were developed and characterized in terms of physicochemical, sensory and microbiological properties. The honeys presented very similar results in various parameters. All of them showed extra-light amber colour, relative low moisture and electrical conductivity levels, and the other quality parameters being in accordance with the Portuguese legislation. The pollen analysis revealed multifloral honeys with predominance of Jasione montana, Cytisus striatus and Rubus spp.. Concerning the rheological behaviour, all honeys presented Newtonian behaviour, while the temperature dependence of viscosity was better explained by an empirical equation proposed by Afonso et al. (2018) than by the Arrhenius model. For the granola production, three formulations were made, differing only in the spice used (carob, cinnamon and ginger). Nutritional analysis showed that the developed granolas had a similar composition to those already in the market, with a significant amount of protein. All of them presented balanced sensory profiles. The granolas also showed no significant microbiological growth after two months of storage at room temperature.
Honey is a complex product made predominantly by sugars, but also containing proteins, phenolic compounds and vitamins in smaller amounts. Beyond honey production, bees play an essential role in the pollination of various numbers species of plants, which many of them are fundamental for human food production. Beekeeping is relevant from na economic point of view but also from an ecological perspective, specially under the current challenges of climate change. The Bio4Med project aims to implemente sustainable strategies in Mediterranean climate perennial crops, namely olive groves, by installing beehives along their borders. With this approach, high-quality honeys production can be enhanced with unique features while contributing to biodiversity conservation and regional economic development. This study was focused on the physicochemical, pollen and rheological characterization of honeys collected from olive groves. In more detail, fifteen samples were analysed from three olive groves in the "Terra Quente" region in Trás-os-Montes, Portugal. Additionally, to valorise this honey, granola formulations were developed and characterized in terms of physicochemical, sensory and microbiological properties. The honeys presented very similar results in various parameters. All of them showed extra-light amber colour, relative low moisture and electrical conductivity levels, and the other quality parameters being in accordance with the Portuguese legislation. The pollen analysis revealed multifloral honeys with predominance of Jasione montana, Cytisus striatus and Rubus spp.. Concerning the rheological behaviour, all honeys presented Newtonian behaviour, while the temperature dependence of viscosity was better explained by an empirical equation proposed by Afonso et al. (2018) than by the Arrhenius model. For the granola production, three formulations were made, differing only in the spice used (carob, cinnamon and ginger). Nutritional analysis showed that the developed granolas had a similar composition to those already in the market, with a significant amount of protein. All of them presented balanced sensory profiles. The granolas also showed no significant microbiological growth after two months of storage at room temperature.
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Mel de olival Projeto Bio4med Granola Análise sensorial