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Avaliação de Soluções de Base Natural na fixação de Carbono de plantas jovens de Medronheiro (Arbutus unedo L.)
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Este trabalho visa quantificar a fixação de carbono (CO2) em plantas jovens de medronheiro (Arbutus unedo L.) utilizando Soluções baseadas na Natureza (SbN). As SbN surgem como alternativas sustentáveis para restaurar ecossistemas degradados, promovendo o sequestro de C e a recuperação dos ecossistemas. O estudo foca num condicionador de solo (MC), elaborado com composto de bagaço de azeitona, um dos principais subprodutos da fileira olivícola, como principal SbN, em comparação com um substrato comercial (MS) e areia (MT). O delineamento experimental inclui, por um lado, um ensaio de germinação e crescimento de plântulas-planta (durante o primeiro ano) em estufa (Tª e água controladas), e por outro lado, um ensaio em condições de campo (área reflorestada) para avaliar a sobrevivência das plantas jovens de Medronheiro. A área de estudo reflorestada corresponde com uma zona afetada pelo grande incêndio de Picões nos Lagos do Sabor, Mogadouro. A taxa de germinação foi de 44% em MC e 37% em MS, observando-se alta mortalidade em MT. A taxa de crescimento das plântulas em altura foi de 0, 6 mm/dia para o MC e MS e em número de folhas foi superior em MC (0,08 folhas/dia) e em MS (0,06 folhas/dia); biomassa acumulada foi de 2,69 e 3,26 g/planta para MC e MS, respetivamente. O MC apresentou maior biomassa em folhas (57%) e MS em talos (37%), o que indica diferentes estratégias de sobrevivência. A monitorização permitiu estabelecer uma equação exponencial de crescimento e alométrica nesta espécie, assim como analisar o efeito da SbN no desenvolvimento. Em campo, foi evidenciada uma queda acentuada na taxa de vitalidade de 50% (antes de verão) para 19% (depois de verão) e um aumento expressivo da mortalidade (42%), dependente da localização da parcela florestal. Os dados obtidos permitiram calcular a taxa de fixação de CO2 em plantas jovens de Medronheiro em 2,96 e 3,59 kg CO₂/ha/ano para MC e MS, respetivamente. Por último, foi desenvolvido um modelo dinâmico para descrever o crescimento desta espécie florestal, com diferentes fatores abióticos.
This work aims to quantify carbon (CO2) fixation in young strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) plants using Nature-based Solutions (NbS). NbS emerge as sustainable alternatives to restore degraded ecosystems, promoting C sequestration and ecosystem recovery. The study focuses on a soil conditioner (MC), made with olive pomace compost, one of the main by-products of the olive growing sector, as the main NbS, in comparison with a commercial substrate (MS) and sand (MT). The experimental design includes, on the one hand, a germination and seedling growth trial (during the first year) in a greenhouse (controlled temperature and water), and on the other hand, a trial under field conditions (reforested area) to evaluate the survival of young strawberry tree plants. The reforested study area corresponds to an area affected by the large Picões fire in Lagos do Sabor, Mogadouro. The germination rate was 44% in MC and 37% in MS, with high mortality observed in MT. The seedling growth rate in height was 0.6 mm/day for MC and MS, and the number of leaves was higher in MC (0.08 leaves/day) and MS (0.06 leaves/day); accumulated biomass was 2.69 and 3.26 g/plant for MC and MS, respectively. MC showed greater biomass in leaves (57%) and MS in stems (37%), indicating different survival strategies. Monitoring allowed the establishment of an exponential and allometric growth equation for this species, as well as the analysis of the effect of SbN on development. In the field, a sharp drop in the vitality rate from 50% (before summer) to 19% (after summer) and a significant increase in mortality (42%) were observed, depending on the location of the forest plot. The data obtained allowed the calculation of the CO2 fixation rate in young strawberry tree plants at 2.96 and 3.59 kg CO₂/ha/year for MC and MS, respectively. Finally, a dynamic model was developed to describe the growth of this forest species under different abiotic factors.
This work aims to quantify carbon (CO2) fixation in young strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) plants using Nature-based Solutions (NbS). NbS emerge as sustainable alternatives to restore degraded ecosystems, promoting C sequestration and ecosystem recovery. The study focuses on a soil conditioner (MC), made with olive pomace compost, one of the main by-products of the olive growing sector, as the main NbS, in comparison with a commercial substrate (MS) and sand (MT). The experimental design includes, on the one hand, a germination and seedling growth trial (during the first year) in a greenhouse (controlled temperature and water), and on the other hand, a trial under field conditions (reforested area) to evaluate the survival of young strawberry tree plants. The reforested study area corresponds to an area affected by the large Picões fire in Lagos do Sabor, Mogadouro. The germination rate was 44% in MC and 37% in MS, with high mortality observed in MT. The seedling growth rate in height was 0.6 mm/day for MC and MS, and the number of leaves was higher in MC (0.08 leaves/day) and MS (0.06 leaves/day); accumulated biomass was 2.69 and 3.26 g/plant for MC and MS, respectively. MC showed greater biomass in leaves (57%) and MS in stems (37%), indicating different survival strategies. Monitoring allowed the establishment of an exponential and allometric growth equation for this species, as well as the analysis of the effect of SbN on development. In the field, a sharp drop in the vitality rate from 50% (before summer) to 19% (after summer) and a significant increase in mortality (42%) were observed, depending on the location of the forest plot. The data obtained allowed the calculation of the CO2 fixation rate in young strawberry tree plants at 2.96 and 3.59 kg CO₂/ha/year for MC and MS, respectively. Finally, a dynamic model was developed to describe the growth of this forest species under different abiotic factors.
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Palavras-chave
SbN Reflorestação Plantas mediterrânicas Germinação Taxa de crescimento absoluto