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Fire resistance of protected glued laminated timber columns: geometry, load and cladding effect

2026Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Civil
datacite.subject.sdg11:Cidades e Comunidades Sustentáveis
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
datacite.subject.sdg12:Produção e Consumo Sustentáveis
dc.contributor.authorPiloto, Paulo A.G.
dc.contributor.authorLorenzo, Manuel D.
dc.contributor.authorRamos-Gavilán, Ana B.
dc.contributor.authorSánchez-Haro, Javier
dc.contributor.authorLannou, Loïc
dc.contributor.authorBouchaïr, Abdelhamid
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-04T14:57:40Z
dc.date.available2026-03-04T14:57:40Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstractTimber, as a sustainable and renewable building material, is becoming increasingly popular in modern architecture due to its aesthetic appeal, low environmental footprint, and structural ability. Glued-laminated timber (GLT) is commonly used for columns and beams in mid to high-rise buildings due to its strength and spanning ability. However, concerns about timber's combustibility raise safety concerns that demand the use of effective fire protection materials. One such method is the application of gypsum cladding, which provides thermal insulation and delays heat transfer to the timber, thus enhancing fire resistance. This study investigates the fire resistance of gypsum-protected GLT columns, focusing on the effects of geometry, load level, and cladding configuration. The European Charring Model (ECM) and the effective cross-section design method are used alongside with three experimental tests, full three-dimensional computational model and a parametric study. The results provide valuable insights into the thermal insulation performance of gypsum cladding, the charring behaviour of timber under fire, and the influence of different protection layers and load levels on overall fire performance. Under 36 % load level, doubling the protection layer, increases the fire resistance up to 95 %. Changing the material grade from GL24h to GL28h, increases the fire resistance, from 2 % to 12 %, depending on the slenderness of the column, while increasing the load level from 6 % to 36 % reduces the fire resistance up to 47 %. This research contributes to fire safety and supports the expanded use of engineered timber in sustainable building designs by improving knowledge of its fire performance characteristics.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipNone.
dc.identifier.citationPiloto, Paulo A.G.; Lorenzo, Manuel D.; Ramos-Gavilán, Ana B.; Sanchez-Haro, Javier; Lannou, Loic; Bouchair, Abdelhamid (2026). Fire resistance of protected glued laminated timber columns: geometry, load and cladding effect. Structures. ISSN 2352-0124. 84. p. 1-17. DOI: 10.1016/2025.110981
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/2025.110981
dc.identifier.issn2352-0124
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/35945
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier BV
dc.relation.ispartofStructures
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectFire
dc.subjectGlue Laminated Timber
dc.subjectGypsum protection
dc.subjectColumns
dc.titleFire resistance of protected glued laminated timber columns: geometry, load and cladding effecteng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.titleStructures
oaire.citation.volume84
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNamePiloto
person.givenNamePaulo A.G.
person.identifier.ciencia-id0519-449D-6F13
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2834-0501
person.identifier.ridB-4866-2008
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6506406159
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationbaaee084-ab97-4c95-b636-24ab6bab0e3e
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoverybaaee084-ab97-4c95-b636-24ab6bab0e3e

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