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O efeito de um programa de treino multicomponente na composição corporal, aptidão funcional e, equilíbrio estático e dinâmico em idosos durante a pandemia de COVID-19: Um estudo experimental, longitudinal e controlado
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Abstract(s)
Avaliar a eficácia de um programa de treino multicomponente na composição corporal, aptidão funcional, equilíbrio estático e equilíbrio dinâmico em idosos durante a pandemia de COVID-19.
Materiais e Métodos: Foi utilizado um estudo experimental, controlado e longitudinal em outubro de 2021, durante a pandemia, e depois com intervenção em março de 2023, totalizando 16 meses de intervenção. Este estudo envolveu 53 idosos, sendo 37 mulheres e 16 homens, com uma média de idades de 69,2 ± 12,4 anos. Dez indivíduos do grupo experimental e dez indivíduos do grupo controlo completaram a intervenção, sendo avaliados após 16 meses. Foram realizados testes estatísticos bayesianos pareados para examinar as mudanças pré e pós-treino nos elementos da aptidão física e da composição corporal. Foi realizada uma análise para detetar desenvolvimento individual no segmento.
Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram benefícios significativos, particularmente na composição corporal, com melhorias no índice de massa corporal, gordura visceral e percentagem de gordura corporal. O treino mostrou ser eficaz na redução do perímetro da cintura e minimizou a perda de massa muscular. Para a fragilidade física, foram observadas melhorias na força dos membros inferiores no grupo experimental, enquanto o grupo controlo mostrou piores resultados na flexibilidade dos membros superiores, mas demonstrou ganhos significativos no equilíbrio estático como no equilíbrio estático anteroposterior e na elipse do intervalo de correlação 95%. Além disso, o treino no GE ajudou a controlar declínios na força de força de preensão palmar, força dos membros superiores, força membros inferiores, flexibilidade membros superiores, flexibilidade dos membros inferiores, equilíbrio dinâmico e na aptidão aeróbia.Conclusões: O treino multicomponente melhorou a força dos membros inferiores e reduziu o índice de massa corporal, a gordura visceral e a percentagem de gordura corporal, com a análise feita mostrando efeitos positivos na maioria das variáveis para os participantes.
To evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent training program on body composition, functional fitness and, static and dynamic balance in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: An experimental, controlled, longitudinal study was conducted in October 2021, during the pandemic, followed by an intervention in March 2023, turning into a 16 months of intervention. The study involved 53 older adults, including 37 women and 16 men, with an average age of 69.2 ± 12.4 years. Ten individuals in the experimental group and ten individuals in the control group completed the intervention, and assessments were conducted after 16 months. Paired Bayesian statistical tests were used to examine pre- and post-training changes in physical fitness elements and body composition. An analysis was conducted to detect individual progress within the segment. Results: The results showed significant benefits, notably in the body composition, with improvements in body mass index, visceral fat, and body fat percentage. The training was effective in reducing waist circumference and slowing down muscle mass loss. For physical frailty, improvements were noted in lower limb strength and the control group showed poorer results in upper limb flexibility but had significant gains in static balance, as seen in anteroposterior balance and the 95% CI ellipse. Additionally, the training in the experimental group helped control declines in hand grip strength, upper and lower limb strength, upper and lower limb flexibility, dynamic balance, anteroposterior balance and in the aerobic fitness. Conclusions: The multicomponent training program improved lower limb strength and reduced body mass index, visceral fat, and body fat percentage, with analysis indicating positive effects on most variables for the participants.
To evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent training program on body composition, functional fitness and, static and dynamic balance in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: An experimental, controlled, longitudinal study was conducted in October 2021, during the pandemic, followed by an intervention in March 2023, turning into a 16 months of intervention. The study involved 53 older adults, including 37 women and 16 men, with an average age of 69.2 ± 12.4 years. Ten individuals in the experimental group and ten individuals in the control group completed the intervention, and assessments were conducted after 16 months. Paired Bayesian statistical tests were used to examine pre- and post-training changes in physical fitness elements and body composition. An analysis was conducted to detect individual progress within the segment. Results: The results showed significant benefits, notably in the body composition, with improvements in body mass index, visceral fat, and body fat percentage. The training was effective in reducing waist circumference and slowing down muscle mass loss. For physical frailty, improvements were noted in lower limb strength and the control group showed poorer results in upper limb flexibility but had significant gains in static balance, as seen in anteroposterior balance and the 95% CI ellipse. Additionally, the training in the experimental group helped control declines in hand grip strength, upper and lower limb strength, upper and lower limb flexibility, dynamic balance, anteroposterior balance and in the aerobic fitness. Conclusions: The multicomponent training program improved lower limb strength and reduced body mass index, visceral fat, and body fat percentage, with analysis indicating positive effects on most variables for the participants.
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Treino multicomponente Envelhecimento Pandemia Atividade física