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O papel dos cuidadores formais e dos familiares na prestação de cuidados aos idosos em Portugal e em Cabo Verde
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O envelhecimento é um fenómeno crescente em Portugal e Cabo Verde, gerando desafios para famílias, instituições e a sociedade. Este estudo investigou as perceções sobre o envelhecimento e os cuidados aos idosos, considerando os diferentes papéis dos cuidadores formais (técnicos), informais (familiares) e dos próprios idosos, em contextos familiares e institucionais. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se na análise qualitativa de dados recolhidos em entrevistas realizadas com 36 participantes divididos em três grupos: idosos, técnicos e familiares, oriundos de Portugal e Cabo Verde. A questão central da pesquisa foi: de que forma os cuidadores formais (técnicos), cuidadores informais (família) e idosos percecionam o envelhecimento no contexto familiar e institucional em Portugal e Cabo Verde? Para responder a esta questão foram definidos objetivos gerais e específicos que orientaram a recolha e análise dos dados, focalizando as perspetivas dos três grupos em relação ao processo de envelhecimento e aos cuidados prestados. As entrevistas semiestruturadas foram utilizadas como instrumentos de recolha de dados, realizadas com base em guiões elaborados para o efeito, que permitiram captar as experiências e opiniões dos participantes. A análise cruzada dos dados revelou que o envelhecimento é reconhecido como um processo natural, com mudanças físicas, emocionais e sociais, e que o contexto do envelhecimento influencia significativamente, na perceção dos participantes, o bem-estar do idoso. Destacou-se a importância das redes de apoio familiares e técnicas na prestação dos cuidados, bem como os desafios enfrentados, como a falta de formação dos familiares, escassez de recursos e a necessidade de políticas públicas que fortaleçam o suporte e apoio aos idosos. Os resultados evidenciaram convergências e divergências nas perceções dos grupos de participantes, reforçando a complexidade do envelhecimento e a necessidade de abordagens que promovam uma velhice ativa, digna e com qualidade de vida.
Aging is a growing phenomenon in Portugal and Cape Verde, generating challenges for families, institutions, and society. This study investigated perceptions of aging and elderly care, considering the different roles of formal (technical) and informal (family) caregivers, as well as the aged themselves, in family and institutional contexts. The methodology used was based on the qualitative analysis of data collected from interviews with 36 participants divided into three groups: aged individuals, technicians, and family members, from Portugal and Cape Verde. The central research question was: how do formal (technical) caregivers, informal (family) caregivers, and the elder perceive aging in the family and institutional context in Portugal and Cape Verde? To answer this question, general and specific objectives were defined to guide data collection and analysis, focusing on the perspectives of the three groups regarding the aging process and the care provided. Semi-structured interviews were used as data collection instruments, conducted based on specially prepared guides, which allowed for capturing the experiences and opinions of the participants. Cross-analysis of the data revealed that aging is recognized as a natural process, with physical, emotional, and social changes, and that the context of aging significantly influences the well-being of the elderly, according to the participants' perception. The importance of family and technical support networks in providing care was highlighted, as well as the challenges faced, such as the lack of training for family members, scarcity of resources, and the need for public policies that strengthen support for the elderly. The results showed convergences and divergences in the perceptions of the participant groups, reinforcing the complexity of aging and the need for approaches that promote active, dignified old age with quality of life.
Aging is a growing phenomenon in Portugal and Cape Verde, generating challenges for families, institutions, and society. This study investigated perceptions of aging and elderly care, considering the different roles of formal (technical) and informal (family) caregivers, as well as the aged themselves, in family and institutional contexts. The methodology used was based on the qualitative analysis of data collected from interviews with 36 participants divided into three groups: aged individuals, technicians, and family members, from Portugal and Cape Verde. The central research question was: how do formal (technical) caregivers, informal (family) caregivers, and the elder perceive aging in the family and institutional context in Portugal and Cape Verde? To answer this question, general and specific objectives were defined to guide data collection and analysis, focusing on the perspectives of the three groups regarding the aging process and the care provided. Semi-structured interviews were used as data collection instruments, conducted based on specially prepared guides, which allowed for capturing the experiences and opinions of the participants. Cross-analysis of the data revealed that aging is recognized as a natural process, with physical, emotional, and social changes, and that the context of aging significantly influences the well-being of the elderly, according to the participants' perception. The importance of family and technical support networks in providing care was highlighted, as well as the challenges faced, such as the lack of training for family members, scarcity of resources, and the need for public policies that strengthen support for the elderly. The results showed convergences and divergences in the perceptions of the participant groups, reinforcing the complexity of aging and the need for approaches that promote active, dignified old age with quality of life.
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Envelhecimento Envelhecimento ativo cuidadores informais e formais Prestação de cuidados Idosos Cabo Verde