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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
The European chestnut agro-ecosystem is of high social, economic, and landscape importance in Portugal,
being actually very debilitated by alien and invasive pests. Cryphonectria parasitica associated to Chestnut
Blight, and the Asian chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus are alien and invasive pests recently
introduced in Portugal, that rapidly spread to all important chestnut areas with consequent chestnut
production losses. To manage C. parasitica and D. kuriphilus, biological control was implemented. For
Chestnut Blight, hypovirulent strains (CHV1) was applied, and the parasitoid Torymus sinensis was
introduced to control the chestnut gall wasp. This work describes, in the Minho Region (Northwest Portugal),
the population structure related to vic genes (vegetative incompatibility system) of the virulent pathogenic
fungus for CHV1 application, and the results of biocontrol of D. kuriphilus by the introduced T. sinensis and
native parasitoids. The average percentage of parasitism in 2018 was 9.8%, although it varied across time and
the sites studied. In 2019 a higher percentage of 18.74% was observed. The average number of cells per gall
in 2018 was 5.94, and 6.3 in 2019. Nine species belonging to the genus Torymus, Megastigmus, Sycophila,
Eurytoma, Mesopolobus, Ormyrus and Eupelmus were identified in 2018. The results indicate that native
parasitoids are important in the natural limitation of D. kuriphilus, but insufficient for controlling the
populations of the chestnut gall wasp. The percentage of parasitism by T. sinensis on D. kuriphilus is still
low, as a consequence of its recent introduction in the orchards.
Description
Keywords
Cryphonectria parasitica Dryocosmus kuriphilus
Citation
Moura, Luísa; Amorim, Amaro; Freitas, Mariano; Gouveia, Maria Eugénia; Rodrigues, Raúl (2019). Distribution, dispersal and biological control of recently introduced pests of sweet chestnut ecosystem in Northwest Portugal. In XIX International Plant Protection Congress 2019 (IPPC2019). Hyderabad
Publisher
The International Association for the Plant Protection Scientists (IAPPS)