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Is there any effect of symmetry on velocity of the four swimming strokes?

2021Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorBartolomeu, Raúl Filipe
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Pedro M.
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Catarina C.
dc.contributor.authorCosta, M.J.
dc.contributor.authorBarbosa, Tiago M.
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-11T16:27:38Z
dc.date.available2022-01-11T16:27:38Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractThe different characteristics of the four swimming strokes affect the interplay between the four limbs, acting as a constraint to the force produced by each hand and foot. The purpose of this study was to analyze the symmetry of force production with a varying number of limbs in action and see its effect on velocity. Fifteen male swimmers performed four all-out bouts of 25-m swims in the four strokes in full-body stroke and segmental actions. A differential pressure system was used to measure the hands/feet propulsive force and a mechanical velocity meter was used to measure swimming velocity. Symmetry index was calculated based on the force values. All strokes and conditions presented contralateral limb asymmetries (ranging from 6.73% to 28% for the peak force and from 9.3% to 35.7% for the mean force). Backstroke was the most asymmetric stroke, followed-up by butterfly, front crawl, and breaststroke. Kicking conditions elicited the higher asymmetries compared with arm-pull conditions. No significant associations were found between asymmetries and velocity. The absence of such association suggests that, to a certain and unknown extent, swimming may benefit from contralateral limb asymmetrypt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipFunding: This research was funded by FCT—Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology through the project UID04045/2020 and the grant SFRH/142009/2018pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationBartolomeu, Raúl Filipe; Rodrigues, Pedro; Santos, Catarina C.; Costa, M.J.; Barbosa, Tiago M. (2021). Is there any effect of symmetry on velocity of the four swimming strokes? Symmetry. ISSN 2073-8994. 14:1, p. 1-11pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/sym14010012pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn2073-8994
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/24575
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherMDPIpt_PT
dc.relationSFRH/142009/2018pt_PT
dc.relationUID04045/2020pt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectAsymmetrypt_PT
dc.subjectHand forcept_PT
dc.subjectSegmental actionspt_PT
dc.subjectVelocitypt_PT
dc.titleIs there any effect of symmetry on velocity of the four swimming strokes?pt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage11pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue1pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage1pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleSymmetrypt_PT
oaire.citation.volume14pt_PT
person.familyNameBartolomeu
person.familyNameRodrigues
person.familyNameBarbosa
person.givenNameRaúl Filipe
person.givenNamePedro M.
person.givenNameTiago M.
person.identifierhttps://scholar.google.com/citations?user=p0jD4K0AAAAJ&hl=pt-PT
person.identifier.ciencia-idE911-5005-D200
person.identifier.ciencia-idC919-D413-5E83
person.identifier.ciencia-id8B11-BDC4-F6FF
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8557-5257
person.identifier.orcid0009-0002-4920-7398
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-7071-2116
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56108282100
person.identifier.scopus-author-id10044856400
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication418a17c8-6b8b-4a8e-822b-e814bd7276e4
relation.isAuthorOfPublication55f77b39-347e-4ad5-97c6-def43d656014
relation.isAuthorOfPublication941a6f14-cfba-458a-a2e3-0cbd1846cd42
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery55f77b39-347e-4ad5-97c6-def43d656014

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