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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O mercado de sistemas vestíveis de monitoramento de sinais vitais (Wearable Health-Monitoring Systems – WHMS) teve um grande salto junto com os avanços em tecnologias de comunicação sem fio e miniaturização de componentes elétricos, possibilitando a integração desses aparelhos no acompanhamento de pacientes enfermos ou, ainda, como facilitador da aquisição de dados para um possível diagnóstico. Neste sentido, esse trabalho visa o desenvolvimento de um WHMS estruturado em blocos para aquisição, condicionamento e envio wireless de biossinais, nomeadamente, eletrocardiograma (ECG), eletromiograma (EMG), temperatura corporal e saturação de oxigénio no sangue (SpO2), de forma não-invasiva e com alta confiabilidade. As etapas de aquisição e condicionamento dos analógicos (ECG e sEMG) foram desenvolvidas utilizando componentes analógicos, parametrizados sob a área de interesse única de cada sinal, a qual foi determinada através de um estudo bibliográfico de cada comportamento. Ademais, para aferir a temperatura e SpO2, são utilizados sensores digitais, respetivamente, DS18B20 e MAX30102. Quanto ao envio dos dados, primeiramente os sinais analógicos são convertidos para sinais digitais utilizando o conversor analógico-digital de 12 bits embebido na placa de desenvolvimento ESP32 V4, além de ser tratada a utilização do conversor ADS1296 de 24 bits. Posteriormente, com as informações armazenada na memória do microcontrolador, os dados são agrupados em pacotes priorizando o processamento mais rápido entre envios, objetivando o mínimo de perdas de dados. Após o desenvolvimento, os resultados foram comparados com dispositivos validados, buscando uma confirmação do funcionamento, obtendo melhores resultados nas medições de relação sinal-ruído e correspondência com o sinal ideal esperado para os sinais de ECG e EMG utilizando os circuitos desenvolvidos. De mesmo modo, para o sinal de temperatura, obteve-se resultados altamente precisos e um comportamento em concordância com o equipamento validado, porém, para as medições de SpO2, os resultados obtidos com o MAX30102 não foram adequados, sendo, então, propostas medidas a serem estudadas almejando a melhoria deste resultado.
The wearable vital signs monitoring systems (WHMS) market had a great growth along with the advances in wireless communication technologies and miniaturization of electrical components, allowing the integration of these devices in the monitoring of sick patients or even as a facilitator of data acquisition for a possible diagnosis. In this regard, this work seeks to develop a WHMS designed in blocks for acquisition, conditioning, and wireless transmission of biosignals, such as, electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG), body temperature and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), in a non-invasive way and with high reliability. The steps of acquisition and conditioning of the analog signals (ECG and sEMG) were developed using analog components, parameterized under the unique area of interest of each signal, which was determined through a bibliographic study of each behaviour. Moreover, to measure temperature and SpO2, digital sensors were used, respectively, DS18B20 and MAX30102. As for the data transmission, firstly the analog signals were converted to digital signals using the analog-to-digital converter with 12 bits embedded on the development board ESP32 V4, as well as considered the use of the ADS1296 converter with 24 bits, then, with the information stored in the microcontroller memory, the data are packetized prioritizing the fastest processing between transmissions, aiming at the minimum loss of data. After the development, the results were compared with validated devices, searching for a confirmation of the performance, obtaining better results in the measurements of signal-to-noise ratio and correspondence with the expected ideal signal for the ECG and EMG signals using the developed circuit. In the same way, for the temperature signal, it was achieved highly precise results and a behaviour in accordance with the validated equipment, however, for the SpO2 measurements, the results obtained with MAX30102 were not adequate, therefore, measures are then proposed to be investigated with a keen interest in improving this result.
The wearable vital signs monitoring systems (WHMS) market had a great growth along with the advances in wireless communication technologies and miniaturization of electrical components, allowing the integration of these devices in the monitoring of sick patients or even as a facilitator of data acquisition for a possible diagnosis. In this regard, this work seeks to develop a WHMS designed in blocks for acquisition, conditioning, and wireless transmission of biosignals, such as, electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG), body temperature and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), in a non-invasive way and with high reliability. The steps of acquisition and conditioning of the analog signals (ECG and sEMG) were developed using analog components, parameterized under the unique area of interest of each signal, which was determined through a bibliographic study of each behaviour. Moreover, to measure temperature and SpO2, digital sensors were used, respectively, DS18B20 and MAX30102. As for the data transmission, firstly the analog signals were converted to digital signals using the analog-to-digital converter with 12 bits embedded on the development board ESP32 V4, as well as considered the use of the ADS1296 converter with 24 bits, then, with the information stored in the microcontroller memory, the data are packetized prioritizing the fastest processing between transmissions, aiming at the minimum loss of data. After the development, the results were compared with validated devices, searching for a confirmation of the performance, obtaining better results in the measurements of signal-to-noise ratio and correspondence with the expected ideal signal for the ECG and EMG signals using the developed circuit. In the same way, for the temperature signal, it was achieved highly precise results and a behaviour in accordance with the validated equipment, however, for the SpO2 measurements, the results obtained with MAX30102 were not adequate, therefore, measures are then proposed to be investigated with a keen interest in improving this result.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Biossinais Eletrocardiograma Eletromiograma SpO2 Condicionamento analógico