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Publication
Efeito da gestão do solo na entomofauna do amendoal
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Authors
Abstract(s)
Uma gestão do solo que desconsidere a regulação biológica na cultura da amendoeira favorece o ataque de pragas aos frutos, o que compromete a qualidade das amêndoas e diminui a produção, ocasionando consequências negativas na economia agrícola portuguesa. Diante disso, o trabalho possui como foco principal, realizar uma análise acerca do manejo cultural do amendoal e do impacto gerado por ele na biodiversidade funcional, principalmente, na heterogeneidade de insetos benéficos, bem como, a influencia exercida por ele na intensidade dos danos ocasionados pelas pragas, sobretudo a Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey, 1852). A regulação natural dessas pragas ocorre através do estabelecimento de habitats favoráveis para os insetos benéficos, como
predadores e parasitoides, desempenhando função essencial no equilíbrio da entomofauna, sendo assim, foram avaliado dois pomares com condições distintas de solos, sendo elas a presença e ausência de cobertura vegetal. Para estimar a incidência da praga e classificar os insetos presentes nos diferentes pomares estudados, foi empregada a técnica das pancadas para coletar as amostras, consistindo no batimento de dois ramos aleatórios de 25 árvores escolhidas ao acaso. Esse procedimento foi realizado a cada 15 dias, objetivando o melhor monitoramento da dinâmica sazonal dos artrópodes. Diante da análise dos resultados, verificou-se que a cobertura vegetal teve influência positiva na abundância de artrópodes benéficos, sendo ponto crucial no controle natural de populações da M. unicostata. Por este motivo, pode-se afirmar que a busca constante por estas práticas traz uma contribuição significativa para a biodiversidade da entomofauna, além do desenvolvimento sustentável no cultivo das amêndoas.
Soil management that disregards biological regulation in almond cultivation favors pest attacks on the fruit, which compromises the quality of the almonds and reduces production, causing negative consequences for the Brazilian agricultural economy. In view of this, the main focus of this study is to analyze the cultural management of almond trees and its impact on functional biodiversity, mainly on the heterogeneity of beneficial insects, as well as the influence it exerts on the intensity of damage caused by pests, especially Monosteira unicostata. The natural regulation of these pests occurs through the establishment of favorable habitats for beneficial insects, such as predators and parasitoids, playing an essential role in the balance of entomofauna. Therefore, two orchards with different soil conditions, namely the presence and absence of vegetation cover, were evaluated. To estimate the incidence of Monosteira and classify the insects present in the different orchards studied, the beating technique was used to collect samples, consisting of tapping two random branches of 25 randomly selected trees. This procedure was performed every 15 days, aiming at better monitoring of the seasonal dynamics of arthropods. Based on the analysis of the results, it was found that the vegetation cover had a positive influence on the abundance of beneficial arthropods, being a crucial point in the natural control of Monosteira unicostata populations. For this reason, it can be stated that the constant search for these practices brings a significant contribution to the biodiversity of entomofauna, in addition to the sustainable development of almond cultivation.
Soil management that disregards biological regulation in almond cultivation favors pest attacks on the fruit, which compromises the quality of the almonds and reduces production, causing negative consequences for the Brazilian agricultural economy. In view of this, the main focus of this study is to analyze the cultural management of almond trees and its impact on functional biodiversity, mainly on the heterogeneity of beneficial insects, as well as the influence it exerts on the intensity of damage caused by pests, especially Monosteira unicostata. The natural regulation of these pests occurs through the establishment of favorable habitats for beneficial insects, such as predators and parasitoids, playing an essential role in the balance of entomofauna. Therefore, two orchards with different soil conditions, namely the presence and absence of vegetation cover, were evaluated. To estimate the incidence of Monosteira and classify the insects present in the different orchards studied, the beating technique was used to collect samples, consisting of tapping two random branches of 25 randomly selected trees. This procedure was performed every 15 days, aiming at better monitoring of the seasonal dynamics of arthropods. Based on the analysis of the results, it was found that the vegetation cover had a positive influence on the abundance of beneficial arthropods, being a crucial point in the natural control of Monosteira unicostata populations. For this reason, it can be stated that the constant search for these practices brings a significant contribution to the biodiversity of entomofauna, in addition to the sustainable development of almond cultivation.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Amendoeira Entomofauna Monosteira unicostata Técnica das pancadas