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Long-term effects of multicomponent training on body composition and physical fitness in breast cancer survivors: a controlled study
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Multicomponent training is suggested as an efficient way to address the side effects of long-term
treatment in breast cancer survivors and reduce the age-related relapse risk in these patients.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a multicomponent training intervention on breast
cancer survivors’ physical fitness and body composition. This experimental and controlled study
included 19 breast cancer survivors with 64.0 ± 8.6 years, to evaluate long-term effects (32 weeks) of
multicomponent training on body composition [body weight (kg), body mass index, body fat (%), lean
mass (kg), body water (%), basal metabolism (Kcal) and visceral fat (index)] and physical fitness [Upper
limb strength (repetitions), lower limb strength (repetitions), upper limb flexibility (cm), lower limb
flexibility (cm), dynamic balance (seconds), and aerobic fitness (repetitions)]. Bayesian statistical tests
were employed to analyze the reduced dataset size, considering a Bayes factor ≥ 10 as the cutoff for
significant differences. Hierarchical clustering identified participant improvements using Manhattan
distance, and clusters were ranked by responsiveness. After 32 weeks, the experimental group
showed significant reductions in body weight (Δ = − 1.67 kg; BF = 15.15; Cohen’s d = 0.19) and body fat
percentage (Δ = − 3.99%; BF = 34.87; Cohen’s d = 0.73), while no relevant changes were observed in the
control group. Improvements were also observed in upper limb strength (Δ = + 14.14 reps; BF = 1022.02;
Cohen’s d = 3.45), strength in the surgically affected arm (Δ = + 13.57 reps; BF = 121.39; Cohen’s
d = 2.37), lower limb strength (Δ = + 7.86 reps; BF = 206.55; Cohen’s d = 2.24), and aerobic fitness
(Δ = + 97.57 reps; BF = 157.28; Cohen’s d = 0.10). Flexibility and dynamic balance also improved, with
moderate to large effect sizes. The multicomponent physical exercise program effectively improved all
physical fitness variables but was limited in body composition, exposing improvements only in body
weight and % body fat. The intervention did not cause any side effects or injury to the participants.
Description
Keywords
Neoplasms Physical exercise Rehabilitation Oncology Functionality Activities of daily living
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Encarnação, Samuel; Schneider, André; Encarnação, Roberto Gonçalves; Leite, Luciano Bernardes; Forte, Pedro; Fernandes, Hélder; Monteiro, António M. (2025). Long-term effects of multicomponent training on body composition and physical fitness in breast cancer survivors: a controlled Study. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 15:1, p. 1-15
Publisher
Springer Nature