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Publication
Impacto da Mobilidade Sustentável na Qualidade Sonora do Campus do IPB: Uma Abordagem de Modelação Acústica
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.25 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A poluição sonora representa um desafio ambiental significativo, com efeitos comprovados sobre a saúde e o bem-estar humanos. As instituições de ensino são particularmente sensíveis a esse tipo de impacto, pois o ruído pode prejudicar o aprendizado e a concentração dos estudantes. No Campus de Santa Apolónia do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), o tráfego de veículos, tanto interno quanto externo, foi identificado como uma das principais fontes de ruído. Neste contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o impacto do plano de reestruturação do campus nos níveis sonoros, utilizando a modelação acústica como ferramenta de análise. A metodologia incluiu a caracterização da área de estudo, medições experimentais com um sonómetro da Bruel & Kjaer (modelo 2260), e a construção de um modelo acústico no software NoiseModelling, validado com base nos dados medidos e posteriormente aplicado a diferentes cenários. O modelo incorporou dados geográficos, características do tráfego (volume e tipo de veículos), estruturas físicas e o Modelo Digital de Terreno para representar a topografia do campus. Foram simulados vários cenários com o modelo de propagação sonora, previamente validado com base em medições acústicas in situ realizadas no cenário de referência (situação atual do campus). Os resultados permitiram quantificar a redução dos níveis de ruído associada a diferentes medidas, como alterações no tráfego rodoviário ou reorganização espacial. As simulações indicaram reduções médias entre 1 e 5 dB(A), sendo os cenários combinados, que integraram restrição do tráfego interno, redução de velocidade, pavimento poroso e diminuição do fluxo externo, os únicos capazes de garantir a conformidade legal nas zonas mais sensíveis.
O estudo sustenta recomendações direcionadas à gestão da mobilidade interna e externa ao campus e à implementação de estratégias complementares de controlo de ruído, visando a melhoria do conforto acústico no ambiente universitário.
Noise pollution represents a significant environmental challenge, with proven effects on human health and well-being. Educational institutions are particularly sensitive to this issue, as noise can hinder students’ learning and concentration. At the Santa Apolónia Campus of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), vehicular traffic, both internal and external, has been identified as one of the main sources of noise. In this context, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of the campus restructuring plan on environmental noise levels using acoustic modelling as an analytical tool. The methodology included the characterization of the study area, experimental noise measurements using a Bruel & Kjaer sound level meter (model 2260), and the development of an acoustic model with the NoiseModelling software, which was validated using measured data and then applied to different scenarios. The model incorporated geographic data, traffic characteristics (volume and vehicle types), physical structures, and a Digital Terrain Model to represent the campus topography. Several scenarios were simulated using the validated sound propagation model, based on in situ acoustic measurements from the reference scenario (the current situation of the campus). The results allowed the quantification of noise reduction associated with different interventions, such as changes in traffic flow and spatial reorganization. The simulations indicated average reductions between 1 and 5.2 dB(A), with combined scenarios, integrating internal traffic restrictions, speed reduction, porous pavement, and external traffic reduction, being the only ones capable of ensuring legal compliance in the most sensitive areas. The study supports recommendations for managing both internal and external mobility on campus and for implementing complementary noise control strategies to improve the acoustic comfort of the university environment.
Noise pollution represents a significant environmental challenge, with proven effects on human health and well-being. Educational institutions are particularly sensitive to this issue, as noise can hinder students’ learning and concentration. At the Santa Apolónia Campus of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), vehicular traffic, both internal and external, has been identified as one of the main sources of noise. In this context, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of the campus restructuring plan on environmental noise levels using acoustic modelling as an analytical tool. The methodology included the characterization of the study area, experimental noise measurements using a Bruel & Kjaer sound level meter (model 2260), and the development of an acoustic model with the NoiseModelling software, which was validated using measured data and then applied to different scenarios. The model incorporated geographic data, traffic characteristics (volume and vehicle types), physical structures, and a Digital Terrain Model to represent the campus topography. Several scenarios were simulated using the validated sound propagation model, based on in situ acoustic measurements from the reference scenario (the current situation of the campus). The results allowed the quantification of noise reduction associated with different interventions, such as changes in traffic flow and spatial reorganization. The simulations indicated average reductions between 1 and 5.2 dB(A), with combined scenarios, integrating internal traffic restrictions, speed reduction, porous pavement, and external traffic reduction, being the only ones capable of ensuring legal compliance in the most sensitive areas. The study supports recommendations for managing both internal and external mobility on campus and for implementing complementary noise control strategies to improve the acoustic comfort of the university environment.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Poluição sonora Tráfego Modelação acústica Campus universitário Noise modelling Restrição de veículos