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Projeto de investigação
Development and application of a low-cost platform for IAQ monitoring in transport microenvironments to improve comfort and safety
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Comprehensive analysis of particulate matter, gaseous pollutants, and microbiological contamination in an international chain supermarket
Publication . Furst, Leonardo; Cipoli, Yago Alonso; Galindo, Nuria; Yubero, Eduardo; Viegas, Carla; Pena, Pedro; Nunes, Teresa; Feliciano, Manuel; Alves, Célia
Indoor environmental quality is of utmost importance since urban populations spend a large proportion of their
life in confined spaces. Supermarkets offer a wide range of products and services that are prone to emitting
several air pollutants. This study aimed to perform a comprehensive characterisation of the indoor and outdoor
air quality in a multinational supermarket, encompassing not only criteria parameters but also unregulated
pollutants of concern. Monitoring included measurements of comfort parameters, CO2, multiple gaseous pollutants,
particulate matter (PM10) and bioburden. PM10, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbonyls were
subject to chemical speciation. Globally, the supermarket presented CO2, VOCs, and PM10 values below the limits
imposed by international regulations. The PM10 concentration in the supermarket was 33.5 ± 23.2 μg/m3, and
the indoor-to-outdoor PM10 ratio was 1.76. Carbonaceous constituents represented PM10 mass fractions of 21.6%
indoors and 15.3% outdoors. Due to the use of stainless-steel utensils, flour and fermentation processes, the
bakery proved to be a pollution hotspot, presenting the highest concentrations of PM10 (73.1 ± 9.16 μg/m3),
PM10-bound elements (S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, and Cr) and acetaldehyde (42.7 μg/m3). The maximum tetrachloroethylene
level (130 μg/m3) was obtained in the cleaning products section. The highest values of colony-forming
units of bacteria and fungi were recorded in the bakery, and fruit and vegetable section. The most prevalent
fungal species was Penicillium sp., corresponding to 56.9% of the total colonies. In addition, other fungal species/
sections with toxicological or pathogenic potential were detected (Aspergillus sections Aspergilli, Circumdati, Flavi,
Mucor and Fusarium sp.).
Tracking PM10 composition and source assignment in classrooms and schoolyard: A case study near an industrial estate
Publication . Charres, Isabella; Cipoli, Yago; Vicente, Estela D.; Furst, Leonardo; Nunes, Teresa; Sánchez de la Campa, Ana M.; Feliciano, Manuel; Alves, Célia
Schools are essential environments where people spend a significant portion of their early lives. Air quality in schools is shaped by various factors, including location, climate, and surrounding activities. Additionally, both indoor and outdoor sources can release chemicals into the air, potentially exposing pupils and staff to harmful conditions. This work characterised the chemical composition and potential sources of particulate matter (PM10) in a school, with different educational levels, located near an industrial estate in Portugal. PM10 daily samples were measured in classrooms and the schoolyard in two seasons. Samples were analysed by chromatography, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and thermo-optical transmittance techniques. Ancillary tools, such as factor analysis, multiple linear regression, meteorological analysis and air mass backward trajectories were applied to determine source contributions. Mass closure analysis revealed that organic matter accounted for similar to 39% of the PM10 mass in both seasons. Six sources were identified as contributors to PM10 in both the classrooms and the schoolyard. Common sources included biomass burning (18% and 28%), mineral dust (28% and 7.1%), sea salt (16% and 20%), and traffic (1.4% and 1.8%), for indoor and outdoor environments, respectively. In the classrooms, resuspension of calcium was a major contributor to PM10, whereas in the schoolyard, secondary aerosol formation played a significant role.
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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Número da atribuição
2020.08461.BD